5.Why do men die earlier than women?The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women's longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts hardly lose their pumping power with age.
"We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25percent between 18and 70years of age."said the head of the study,David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK."Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat.Between the age of 20and 70.one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,"said Goldspink."This is part of the ageing process."
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman's heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one's.
"This gender(性別)difference might just explain why women live longer than men,"said Goldspink.
They studied more than 250healthy men and women between the ages of 18and 80,focusing on heahhy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease.
The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,said Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise.Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.
68.The underlined word"longevity"in the second paragraph probably refers toB.
A.health
B.long life
C.a(chǎn)geing
D.effect
69.The text mainly talks aboutD.
A.men's heart cells
B.women's ageing process
C.the gender difference
D.hearts and long life
70.According to the text,the UK scientists have known thatC.
A.women have more cells than men when they are born
B.women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat
C.the female heart loses few of the cells with age
D.women never lose their pumping power with age
71.We can know from the passage thatA.
A.scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells
B.the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out
C.the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss
D.wome over 70could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20.
分析 本文介紹了女性比男性長壽的原因,就在于隨著年齡的增長,男性的心臟日趨衰竭而女性的心臟卻幾乎沒有失去動力.雖然,科學(xué)家還不能解釋為什么隨著年齡的增長,男性體內(nèi)促進心臟跳動的細(xì)胞數(shù)損耗太多的原因.但是,他們指出男性可以通過鍛煉來強健心臟,而女性也可以通過鍛煉來加強腿部肌肉的力量.
解答 68.B 詞義猜測題.根據(jù)第一段中的問句Why do men die earlier than women?(為什么男性的壽命沒有女性的長?)可推知,下一句…women's longevity may be linked to the fact that…(女性的長壽現(xiàn)象和…有關(guān))用來解釋上一句,此處"longevity"指"長壽".故選B.
69.D 主旨大意題.根據(jù)第一、二段中的三句話,一問兩答,可知,男性的壽命沒有女性的長就在于隨著年齡的增長,男性的心臟日趨衰竭而女性的心臟卻幾乎沒有失去動力.下文圍繞這一主題展開,詳細(xì)說明了調(diào)查的人群,研究的結(jié)果并且給出了建議.故選D.
70.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells.(科學(xué)家吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著年齡的增長,女性體內(nèi)促使心臟跳動的細(xì)胞損耗很少.)故選C.
71.A 推理判斷題. 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart.(科學(xué)家們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)為什么年齡老化使男性的心臟跳動細(xì)胞損失太多.)其中has yet to do 意為"還沒有,有待去…"與選項A中的"be on the way to doing(在去…的路上,將要…)"同義.故選A.
點評 解主旨大意題時一定要抓住主題句,學(xué)會快速閱讀文章的開頭結(jié)尾,每段的第一句,從而掌握文章的大意,每段的大意.如本文的主題句就在文章的開頭部分.