(2013·高考遼寧卷，D)“Indeed，”George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785，“some kind of fly，or bug，had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.”But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that，Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century，and Americans had already created lightning?bug(螢火蟲)．But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language，leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The American bug could also be a person，referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term，sports fans used to be called racing bugs，baseball bugs，and the like.

Or the bug could be a small machine or object，for example，a bug?shaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm，from which comes the expression to bug，that is，“to install (安裝) an alarm”．Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversations.Since the 1840s，to bug has long meant“to cheat”，and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as“l(fā)ittle problems and difficulties”that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 1889 it was recorded that Edison“had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a(chǎn) bug’ in his invented record player.”

1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.

A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C．the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century

D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

2.What does the word“flaw”in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Explanation. B．Finding.

C．Origin. D．Fault.

3.The passage is mainly concerned with________.

A．the misunderstanding of the word bug

B．the development of the word bug

C．the public views of the word bug

D．the special characteristics of the word bug

 

1.D

2.D

3.B

【解析】本文為一篇說明文。主要介紹了bug一詞的不同含義及發(fā)展過程。它可以指一個(gè)對某種活動(dòng)著迷的人，也可以指一種小型機(jī)器或物體，還可以指防盜設(shè)備以及竊聽設(shè)備。如今，它可以指代電腦程序或其他設(shè)計(jì)中出現(xiàn)的缺陷，而在愛迪生時(shí)代，它指代發(fā)明中遇到的一些困難、問題。

1.

2.2】解析：選D。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“l(fā)ittle problems and difficulties”可以判斷出，bug如今指代電腦程序或者其他設(shè)計(jì)中需要克服的缺陷、瑕疵，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“解釋”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“來源”；D項(xiàng)意為“故障；缺陷”。

3.3】解析：選B。主旨大意題。總結(jié)全文可知，文章主要圍繞bug一詞的發(fā)展過程以及不同含義來展開，故B項(xiàng)符合文章主旨。A項(xiàng)意為“對bug一詞的誤解”；C項(xiàng)意為“大眾對bug一詞的看法”；D項(xiàng)意為“bug一詞的特殊之處”，均不能概括出全文內(nèi)容。

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