11．The seal lying on top of the ice doesn't stand a chance．Knocked into the sea，the seal becomes a meal for one of the oceans top hunters-the huge orca，or killer whale．
Orcas hunt almost everything from fish to seals，sea lions，penguins，sharks，and even other kinds of whales．Depending on the season and where they are，their diet varies-some orcas eat more fishes than seals and penguins．But wherever they are in any of the world's oceans，average-sized orcas may eat about 500 pounds of food a day．Orcas have many hunting techniques，and striking seals off ice is just one of them．
Often referred to as wolves of the sea，orcas live and hunt together in family groups，much like a pack of wolves．Groups of orcas work together to drive fish into a compact area so that they're easier to eat．They will also hit their tails onto the water's surface，causing a wave to wash penguins or sea lions into the water．
Orcas'teeth，numbering about 45 and each measuring about 3inches long，are shaped for tearing prey （獵物） Orcas do not chew their food．They can swallow small seals and sea lions whole．The prey slides down the orcas'throats!The color pattern of orcas may help them at-tack their prey．Their backs are black but their stomachs are white．Animals looking down on an orca from above，such as a seal on ice，might not see it because the whale's dark back blends with the water below．
On the other hand，the whale's white underside combines with the light streaming down into the sea from the surface，making it hard to spot from below．With orcas camouflaged so well，those prey fish，penguins，or seals are likely to miss the danger heading their way，as the killer whale once again proves it is the oceans'superbly designed hunter．
28．According to the text，we know orcas areD．
A．good at using their teeth
B．the most cruel hunters in the world
C．big whales who don't hunt other whales
D．skillful hunters who like hunting many creatures
29．Which word can be used most probably to describe orcas when they are hunting？A
A．Cooperative
B．Incompetent．
C．Swift．
D．Careful．
30．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4？C
A．The reasons why orcas hunt seals．
B．The environment where orcas live．
C．The features of what orcas look like．
D．The ways of how orcas hunt animals．
31．What does the underlined word"blends"in Paragruph 4 mean？B
A．Meets．
B．Mixes．
C．Struggles．
D．Equips．
分析 短文主要描述了逆戟鯨的捕食對(duì)象以及其狩獵方式進(jìn)行描述．
解答 28．D，推理判斷題，根據(jù)句子Orcas hunt almost everything from fish to seals，sea lions，penguins，sharks，and even other kinds of whales可知，逆戟鯨是熟練的捕食者，故答案為D．
29．A，推理判斷題，根據(jù)句子Often referred to as wolves of the sea，orcas live and hunt together in family groups，much like a pack of wolves可知，逆戟鯨是群體作戰(zhàn)的，因此它們是合作的，故答案為A．
30．C，主旨大意題，第四段主要描述了逆戟鯨的牙齒等特點(diǎn)，故答案為C．
31．B，詞義猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境指的是逆戟鯨的背部和水混在一起，導(dǎo)致其他動(dòng)物看不到它們，因此可以推測(cè)其為"混合"的意思，故答案為B．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 解答任務(wù)型閱讀理解題，首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料．其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破．掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息．最后，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性．對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)．
