A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One' s physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.
Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not- so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, the physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.
Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔誠(chéng)) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group--college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual' s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.
Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.
In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. on another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as who may be less attractive.
【小題1】 In "Beauty is only skin-deep", "skin-deep" can be replaced by______.

A．decorating B．superficial C．expressive D．demanding
【小題2】 "One's physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career."(paral) can be interpretated as______.
A．whether or not one looks good or bad, it doesn' t affect much one' s managerial career
B．in one' s managerial career, he may deal with cases like assets and liabilities
C．in one' s managerial career, he may rarely deal with cases like assets and liabilities
D．whether or not one looks good or bad, it may affect much one' s managerial career
【小題3】  The result of research carried out by social scientists show that______.
A．people do not realize the importance of looking one' s best
B．women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well
C．good -looking women aspire to managerial positions
D．a(chǎn)ttractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not
【小題4】  "Good looks cut both ways for women" (Para.5) means that______.
A．a(chǎn)ttractive women have tremendous potential impact on public job
B．good-looking women always get the best of everything
C．being attractive is not always an advantage for women
D．a(chǎn)ttractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions
【小題5】  It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world______.
A．handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women are
B．physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well
C．physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite well
D．good looks are important for women as they are for men


【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】C
【小題5】A

解析【小題1】  B。詞匯題。skin-deep是“膚淺的，表面的”意思，與superficial意思相近。
【小題2】  A。理解題。主要是考察對(duì)“physical assets and liabilities”的理解，意為“長(zhǎng)相的優(yōu)劣”，整句的意思為“長(zhǎng)相的優(yōu)劣對(duì)于一個(gè)人的事業(yè)影響不太大”
【小題3】  D。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段“Almost invariably, the better looking... what is beautiful is good．”，可知D為正確答案。
【小題4】  C。歸納題。在文章第五段中，作者指出，婦女一方面可以借助美貌比較容易地找到工作，另一個(gè)方面因?yàn)槿藗円话銜?huì)覺(jué)得美麗的婦女不如長(zhǎng)相一般的婦女有能力而使美麗的婦女不容易得到經(jīng)理之類(lèi)的職位，不難看出“Good looks cut both ways for women”的意思與C中內(nèi)容相符。
【小題5】  A。推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段不難推理出正確答案是A。

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

If you want to see climate change, head north and keep going until you run out of globe. That is easier said than done. The Arctic (北極) is home to few people and covered in ice much of the year. But those who make their way to the icy seas of the Arctic Ocean will see a part of the planet that is warming and changing faster than anywhere else.
In September, scientists announced at the National Snow and Ice Data (數(shù)據(jù)) Center that Arctic summer sea ice had fallen to its second lowest level since 1979, and probably long before that. The Arctic has lost an area of ice greater than the area of all U.S. states east of the Mississippi River. And what ice remains appears to be getting thinner and weaker.
Nick Toberg and Till Wagner are polar ice scientists who are doing sea ice fieldwork. “There is plenty of data to suggest that the ice is becoming thinner as well as smaller in area,” they say.
The changes happening in the Arctic are a warning for the entire world .  As polar expert Walt
Meier puts it, “What happens in the Arctic doesn’t stay in the Arctic.”
Some scientists worry that Arctic sea ice may be going from a downward spiral (螺旋線) to a “death spiral”, one from which there is no escape. As more ice melts (融化), more dark open water appears. The darkness absorbs (吸收) more heat, which speeds up the pace of melting.
Until recently, many scientists thought it might take until the end of the century for the North Pole to become completely ice free during the summer. Now some believe it could happen by 2030 or even earlier. “The melting is happening faster in the real world than it has in the models,” says Nick Toberg.
【小題1】The purpose of the first paragraph is to tell readers __________.

A．it’s difficult to arrive at the Arctic
B．it is too cold for people to live in the Arctic
C．what caused the climate change in the Arctic
D．we can see the most obvious climate change in the Arctic
【小題2】From the second paragraph we can learn Arctic summer sea ice __________.
A．is still decreasing
B．began reducing in 1979
C．fell to its lowest level in September
D．is equal to the Mississippi River
【小題3】What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．The changes don’t affect the Arctic at all.
B．The changes will only happen in the Arctic.
C．The changes happening in the Arctic will stop.
D．The changes will also affect other parts of the world.
【小題4】Nick Toberg may agree that __________.
A．the ice in the North Pole will stop melting
B．the ice in the North Pole is melting faster than expected
C．the ice in the North Pole will melt before 2030 or even earlier
D．the ice in the North Pole will not disappear until the end of the century

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed, for many of the poorest regions(地區(qū))of the world, it remains the next big thing—finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.
Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60% . That is some way behind the U.S. ,where there are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005 , after the fall of the Taliban（塔利班）,which had banned TV, I in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013—pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.
Television’s most powerful effect will be on the lives of women. In India, researchers Robert Jensen and Emily Oster found that when TVs reached villages, women were more likely to go to the market without their husbands approval and less likely to want a boy rather than a girl. They were more likely to make decisions over child health care. TV is also a powerful medium for adult education. In the Indian state of Gujarat, Chitrageet is a popular show that plays Bollywood songs with words in Gujarati on the screen. Within six months, viewers had made a small but significant improvement in their reading skills.
Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.
【小題1】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Americans used to get access to the Internet easily.
B．The world’s TV sets will total 150 million by 2013.
C．45% of families in the developing countries had a TV in 2005.
D．Over two thirds of families in the world will have a TV by 2013.
【小題2】The author intends to ____________.
A．stress the advantages of TV to people’s lives
B．persuade women to become more independent
C．encourage people to improve their reading skills
D．introduce the readers some websites such as Google
【小題3】What would be the best title for the passage?
A．TV Will Rule the World B．TV Will Disturb the World
C．TV Will Better the World D．TV Will Remain in World

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like ‘ Palaeolithic Man’, ‘Neolithic Man’, etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label ‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this: ‘in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn’t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks. ’
The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world – or even less if the wing ofthe aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: ‘I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea.’ The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says ‘I’ve been there. ’ You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say ‘I’ve been there’ – meaning, ‘I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else. ’
When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travellers.
【小題1】Anthorpologists label nowaday’s men ‘Legless’ because
A   people forget how to use his legs.
B   people prefer cars, buses and trains.
C   lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.
D   there are a lot of transportation devices.
【小題2】Travelling at high speed means
A   people’s focus on the future.
B   a pleasure.
C   satisfying drivers’ great thrill.
D   a necessity of life.
【小題3】Why does the author say ‘we are deprived of the use of our eyes’ ?
A   People won’t use their eyes.
B   In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.
C   People can’t see anything on his way of travel.
D   People want to sleep during travelling.
【小題4】What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?
A   Legs become weaker.
B   Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.
C   There is no need to use eyes.
D   The best way to travel is on foot.
【小題5】What does ‘a(chǎn) bird’s-eye view’ mean?
A   See view with bird’s eyes.
B   A bird looks at a beautiful view.
C   It is a general view from a high position looking down.
D   A scenic place.
VOCABULARY
Palaeolithic 舊石器時(shí)代的
Neolithic  新石器時(shí)代的
escalator  自動(dòng)電梯，自動(dòng)扶梯
ski-lift     載送滑雪者上坡的裝置
mar     損壞，毀壞
blur     模糊不清，朦朧
smear     涂，弄臟，弄模糊（尤指畫(huà)面、輪廓等）
evocative  引起回憶的，喚起感情的
El Dorado  (由當(dāng)時(shí)西班牙征服者想象中的南美洲)黃金國(guó)，寶山，富庶之鄉(xiāng)
Kabul     喀布爾（阿富汗首都）
Irkutsk   伊爾庫(kù)茨克（原蘇聯(lián)亞洲城市）
難句譯注與答案詳解
The only way to travel is on foot  旅游的唯一方法是走路
難句譯注
Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world – or even if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way.
【參考譯文】飛機(jī)旅行，你只可俯視世界――如果機(jī)翼碰巧擋住了你的視線，就看得更少了。
When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the country-side constantly smears the windows.
【參考譯文】如果乘車(chē)或火車(chē)旅行，郊外模糊朦朧的景象不斷地掠過(guò)窗口。
寫(xiě)作方法與文章大意
文章以因果寫(xiě)作方法，寫(xiě)出了由于種種現(xiàn)代化交通設(shè)施、人們不需用腳走路，甚至也不需要用眼看景，出門(mén)就坐汽車(chē)、公交車(chē)、地鐵、飛機(jī)……，車(chē)、機(jī)速度飛快，外邊的景物難以看清，最終導(dǎo)致人們忘記用腳、用眼成為“無(wú)腳之人”。一切都經(jīng)歷不到。作者建議最佳的旅游方法是徒步――經(jīng)歷現(xiàn)實(shí)。

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Maybe you love them and want to pet every one you see.Or maybe you’re afraid of them and want to move to a dog­free neighborhood.Either way，dogs are a part of life.Millions of people have dogs as pets.You’ll see them all over town，in the city，country，and even when you’re on vacation.
Like many kinds of pets—no matter how small or cute they are—dogs need to be respected as animals that，under certain conditions，could hurt you.Nearly 5 million dog bites happen every year in the United States.No one wants a dog bite，but how do you prevent one?
One dog expert has come up with an easy way for kids to remember some tips to prevent dog bites.It spells “DOG SAFE”．
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Only pet with permission：Never pet a dog without asking the owner if it’s OK.Some dogs don’t like to be touched by strangers.
Give space：Little kids especially might run right up to a lovely dog and try to pet it or give it a hug.But dogs need space.Crowding a dog can frighten or anger the dog.
Slow down：Some dogs like to chase(追逐) and bite.Of course，you don’t want to be chased or bitten！The way to avoid it is to go slow around dogs.Never run toward them or away from them.If a dog you don’t know runs toward you，freeze.If you need to get away，back up slowly.
Always get help：You may want to bring home a dog that seems lost or injured.But animals who are lost or injured may be very frightened or in pain.Find a grown­up instead who can decide how to care for the animal.
Fingers together：When feeding a dog a treat，put the treat in the palm of your hand and keep your fingers and thumb close together.Why？The dog is less likely to get confused about which is the treat—the doggie snack or your finger!
Even good dogs can bite：Some people are very surprised when their dog bites someone，but all dogs can bite.Avoid doing things that make dogs scared or angry，such as backing them into a corner or bothering them when they are sleeping.
【小題1】The purpose of the text is to ________.

A．help kids avoid being bitten by dogs
B．show methods of feeding dogs
C．warn dog owners of danger
D．warn kids to keep away from dogs
【小題2】You won’t make a dog angry if ________.
A．you let it alone while it is eating
B．you pretend to take its food away
C．you exchange toys with it
D．you play together with it
【小題3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．The owner will be angry if you pet his or her dog.
B．Dogs don’t like to play with people they are familiar with.
C．A dog may rush up to a kid happily when a kid runs straight to it.
D．You can’t pet a dog unless its owner allows you to.
【小題4】Seeing a dog running after you，you’d better ______.
A．escape quickly
B．hide in a safe place
C．slow down or just stop
D．turn to the owner

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

In Asia，there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them.Although all kites have a similar structure(結(jié)構(gòu))，they are widely different in size and shape.Kite­fighting competitions are also held，in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents’(對(duì)手) kites or cut their strings(線)．
For more than 15 years，the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kite­making and kite­flying classes for the children on an island in Hawaii.In its kite­making lessons，students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes！Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite.Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980.Their kites are made of nylon(尼龍)．Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne.The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite.
The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern.The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two­string controllable kite.Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in.Then the controls are given to the students.
Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites.Even the simplest structure can work，and can give hours of fun.Go on，give it a try！
(2012·安徽，D)
【小題1】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．A hot knife is used to iron the nylon.
B．Children never fly kites on their own in flying lessons.
C．Kite strings must not be cut in kite­fighting competitions.
D．Daphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory.
【小題2】What is different about the kite used for flying lessons?
A．It has two strings.
B．It is simple in design.
C．It has a rainbow pattern.
D．It is shaped like a diamond.
【小題3】According to Jonathan，what do you need to have fun with kites?
A．A large kite.
B．Any type of kite.
C．A complex structure.
D．A kite that impresses others.
【小題4】What is mainly described in the text?
A．A kite factory.
B．Kite­flying lessons.
C．Special competitions.
D．The kite­making process.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

How to deal successfully with a child who shows outstanding musical ability？It’s not always clear how best to develop and encourage his gift.Many parents may even fail to recognise and respond to their children’s need until frustration explodes into difficult or uncooperative(不合作的) behaviour.And while most schools are equipped to deal with children who are specially able in academic subjects，the musically gifted require special understanding which may not always be available in an ordinary school—especially one where music is regarded as a secondary activity.Such children may well benefit from the education offered by a specialist music school.
The five music schools in Britain are a relatively recent introduction.They aim to provide an environment in which gifted children aged between seven and eighteen can develop their skills to the full under the guidance of professional musicians.
Children at specialist music schools spend between one third and one half of an average day on musical activities，for example，individual lessons，orchestras，chamber(室內(nèi)音樂(lè)的) groups，voice training，conducting and theory.They also spend several hours a day practising in properly equipped private rooms，sometimes with a teacher.The rest of their time is taken up with the subjects：English，maths，basic sciences and languages.All five British specialist schools are independent，classes are small by normal school standards，with a high teacher/pupil ratio(比率)．Most children attending specialist schools tend to be boarders，leaving home to live，eat and sleep full­time at school.
What are the disadvantages？An obvious problem is the cost；the fees are high(￡12,000­￡17,000 a year for boarders)．However，each school will make every effort with scholarships and other forms of financial assistance，to help parents of outstandingly gifted children to find the necessary fees.Secondly，not all parents want to send their children to boarding school，especially at a very early age.Almost all the directors of the specialist schools express doubts about the wisdom of admitting children as young as seven into such an intense and disciplined(守紀(jì)律的) environment.They stress，however，that their main aim is to turn out “rounded and well­balanced” individuals.
There is little doubt that setting musically gifted children apart from an early age can cause stress.Early signs of musical ability may disappear in their teenage years，while natural competitiveness and the pressure to succeed can lead to a deep sense of failure.But all specialist schools do keep a close watch on the progress of individual pupils，and offer help and advice if needed.
【小題1】If a child’s musical ability is not recognized，________.

A．the child may misbehave
B．the ability may fade away
C．the child may lose interest
D．the parents may become anxious
【小題2】What problem may musically gifted children face in ordinary schools?
A．Their academic work may suffer.
B．Schools lack musical equipment.
C．Music is not seen as an important subject.
D．Parents and teachers do not work together.
【小題3】What makes specialist music schools different from other schools?
A．Their working day is longer.
B．A range of musical training is offered.
C．More than half the day is spent on music.
D．The children have mostly one­to­one lessons.
【小題4】What do most school directors see as a possible disadvantage for pupils?
A．Poor children may not be included.
B．They may lose their individuality.
C．There may be a discipline problem.
D．They may not be mature enough on arrival.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

A report brought back by most visitors to the US is how friendly, polite, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet American’s friendliness and helpfulness is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.
For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of distraction, and brought news of the outside world．
The tough realities of the border also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest settler agent. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or only a charitable impulse (沖動(dòng)） on the part of the settlers. It reflected the hardship of daily life: if you didn't take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation．
Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the exhausted traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist routes. "I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner, amazing." Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be understood neither as superficial（表面的）nor as artificial（虛偽的）, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.
As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals and customs is the basis of all social inter-relationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to "translate" cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example when an American uses the word "friend", the cultural meanings of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor's language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to tell polite customs from individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue （美德） that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.
【小題1】In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, ________．

A．rude taxi drivers are hardly seen in the US
B．small-minded officials deserve a serious comment
C．Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors
D．most Americans are ready to offer help
【小題2】We can know from the last paragraph that _______．
A．culture has an influence over social inter-relationship
B．polite customs and individual interest are inter-related
C．various virtues shows themselves only among friends
D．social inter-relationships equal the complex set of cultural customs
【小題3】Families who lived far from one another used to entertain strangers _______．
A．to improve their hard life B．in view of their long-distance travel
C．to add some taste to their own daily life D．out of a charitable impulse
【小題4】The tradition of hospitality to strangers _______．
A．tends to be superficial and artificial
B．is generally well kept up in the United States
C．is always understood properly
D．has something to do with the busy tourist route

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