C

Researchers have just offered evidence in a study that says obesity appears to spread through social ties, much like a virus. When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow. But the findings might also offer hope.

If friends help make obesity acceptable, then they might also be influential in losing the fat. The researchers note that support groups are already an effective tool in dealing with other socially influenced problems, like alcoholism.

The findings appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine. The researchers used information collected from? 12 000 people. It was collected between 1971 and 2003 as part of the Framingham Heart Study.

The information was highly detailed. There was even contact information for close friends of the people in the study.

The researchers examined more than 40 000 social ties. They found that a person’s chances of becoming severely overweight increased by 57% if a friend had become obese.

A sister or brother of a person who became obese had a 40% increased chance of becoming obese. The risk for a wife or husband was a little less than that.

Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School was a lead investigator in the study. He says there is a direct causal relationship between a person getting fat and being followed in weight gain by a friend.

The study found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same—sex friendships, a person had a 71% increased risk of becoming obese. Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in a brother. In sisters, it was 67%.

The researchers also considered the effect of where people lived in  relation to each other. James Fowler of the University of California,San Diego, was the other lead investigator. He says a friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the same neighborhood. He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of people’s health is tied to their social connections.

Both investigators say their research shows that obesity is not just a private medical issue, but a public health problem.

59.What does the underlined sentence in Para. 2 mean?

A.Obesity has a negative influence on a close friend.

B.Friends might also play a part in losing weight.

C.One might have a positive influence on one’s friend.

D.Friends usually don’t follow each other to lose weight.

60.Who is mostly likely to gain weight?

A.A man who has a fat brother.        B.A husband who has a fat wife.

C.A wife who has a fat husband.        D.A woman who a fat female friend.

61.Which of the following statements doesn’t the passage agree with?

A.You are sure to lose weight if you have a skinny friend.

B.If one gains weight, one’s friends are likely to get fat.

C.A person’s health is closely linked with his/her social relationship.

D.Even if the friend lives far away, the influence still remains.

62.The reason why the study involves both family members and friends is that_______

A.researchers fail to find a more different sample

B.researchers have different ideas for family members and friends

C.researchers can meet these people regularly

D.researchers can compare the results

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Common indoor plants may prove to be a valuable weapon in the fight against rising levels of indoor air pollution. Those plants in your office or home are not only pretty, but NASA scientists are finding them to be surprisingly useful in absorbing possible harmful gases and cleaning the air inside modern buildings.?

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B. indoor plants can help remove indoor air pollution?

C. indoor plants should be raised in both homes and offices?

D. NASA have studied indoor plants for many years?

Why do you think NASA are very interested in indoor plants??

A. Some indoor plants would be used in space stations.?

B. They want to find a way to cure Sick Building Syndrome.?

C. They need indoor plants to carry out their experiments.?

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Adults are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practised in the meantime. A man who has not had an opportunity to go swimming for years can ___55___ swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after several decades and still ___56___ away. A mother who has not ___57___ the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or recite the story of Cinderella or Snow White.

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55. A. only     B. hardly C. still     D. even

56. A. move    B. drive   C. travel  D. ride

57. A. thought about      B. cared for    C. showed up  D. brought up

58. A. Before  B. Once   C. Until   D. Unless

59. A. accuracy      B. unit    C. limit   D. length

60. A. remind B. inform       C. warn   D. recall

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1.A.brains       

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C. minds         

D. sights

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C. reaching      

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3.A.imagine      

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C. feel          

D. guess

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C. style          

D. way

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B. simply        

C. correctly      

D. neatly

6.A.required     

B. wished        

C. left        

D. expected

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C. famous     

D. silly

8.A.managing    

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D. hoping

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C. discussed      

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10.A.used        

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D. had

11.A. making     

B. finding        

C. turning        

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B. sat           

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13.A.dream       

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D. exercise

14.A.softly       

B. loudly         

C. slowly        

D. firmly

15.A.everything   

B. something      

C. nothing       

D. anything

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C. head         

D. body

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D. understand

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B. extremely      

C. actually       

D. almost

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B. remember       

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20.A.count        

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第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選取出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Nick sat in my classroom after school, five years ago, wanting help on a research paper that stood between him and graduation. An  1 student at the school, he felt much worried about his assignment.
Many  2 find themselves in the same position: A child feels lost with  3 and turns to you for help . Not wanting the child to   4  , some parents step in and take over. I could easily tell the  5  between a parent’s writing style and the sudent’s style on homework.
Parents often have purposes, but the result can be harmful. They’re cheating their kids out of the very   6   they want them to get Allowing children to master a skill 7 lifelong gains.
Some ways to help without hurting:
Be a model learner. If your child sees you _8_ papers, magazines or literature, he’ll be _9 motivated to learn.
Ask _10_ needs to be done, and look over completed assignments. This shows that you  __11 them to do the work and consider it important enough to review.
If you’re  _12 that he or she is falling behind , talk with the teacher about it  ___13 doing the work yourself.
Nick made it through fine. I didn’t write her paper. Nor did his mother, instead, we guided him together. At_ 14_ , we are very happy to see him collect his diploma. But _15__ was prouder than Nick. He knew what he had done.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年河北省高一年級期末考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解

We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don't do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.

So, you have to give a speech and you're terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long and you bore your audience. Later you think,   “Thank goodness, it's over. I'm just no good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”

Cheer up! It doesn't have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible and use pictures, charts and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

If you follow these simple steps, you'll see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You're not convinced yet. Give it a try and see what happens.

1. We can conclude from Paragraph 2 that many people     .

A. talk too long in a speech

B. are happy to give a speech

C. are afraid of giving a speech

D. do not prepare for a speech

2.All of the following statements are true except that      .

A. a lecturer does not need to organize his speech

B. few people know how to make good speeches

C. research is important in preparing a speech

D. there are simple steps to improve your speaking

3.The underlined expression “talk over their heads” means “      ”.

A. speak too loudly                          B. look at the ceiling

C. look down upon them                      D. use difficult words and ideas

4.The main idea of the passage is that      

A. you can improve your speaking ability

B. a poor speaker can never change

C. it's easy to make a short speech

D. it is hard to make a speech

 

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