In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some hold an optimistic attitude. They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity（繁榮）and that anyone who wants to be outstanding has to keep the pace. Others think otherwise. They say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that the unfriendly relationship between people because of competition.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth depended on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit（追求）of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others have an opposite opinion. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. They have no choice. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try”. What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome can discover a new meaning in competition.
【小題1】What does this passage mainly talk about?
| A．Competition helps to set up self-respect. |
| B．Opinions about competition are different among people. |
| C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development. |
| D．Failures are necessary experience in competition. |
| A．It pushes society forward. |
| B．It builds up a sense of duty. |
| C．It improves personal abilities. |
| D．It encourages individual efforts. |
| A．those who try their best to win |
| B．those who value competition most highly |
| C．those who are against competition most strongly |
| D．those who rely on others most for success |
| A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others. |
| B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts. |
| C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills. |
| D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried. |
| A．Every effort should be paid back. |
| B．Competition should be encouraged. |
| C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter. |
| D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition. |
【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】A
【小題5】D
解析試題分析：文章介紹了人們對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度和不同的觀點(diǎn)看法，有人認(rèn)為很好，有人反對(duì)。
【小題1】主旨題：閱讀第一段內(nèi)容可知不同的人對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有不同的觀點(diǎn)和看法，有人認(rèn)為很好，有人反對(duì)。文章是關(guān)于人們對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度。故選B。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第一段第二句“They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity,”可知他們認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)的進(jìn)步。故選A。
【小題3】推理題：根據(jù)第三段中“In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. ”有一些人強(qiáng)烈地指責(zé)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，在這些人中最多的就是那些遭受著競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力的年輕人。故the most vocal就是 指那些反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人。故選C。
【小題4】推理題：從最后一段中“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others.”可知A項(xiàng)的觀點(diǎn)與之類(lèi)似，指人的價(jià)值在于與別人的比較。故選A。
【小題5】推理題：根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome can discover a new meaning in competition”可知在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中要去除恐懼，只有這樣我們才能理解競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的真正的含義。故選D。
考點(diǎn)：考查議論文類(lèi)閱讀
| 年級(jí) | 高中課程 | 年級(jí) | 初中課程 |
| 高一 | 高一免費(fèi)課程推薦！ | 初一 | 初一免費(fèi)課程推薦！ |
| 高二 | 高二免費(fèi)課程推薦！ | 初二 | 初二免費(fèi)課程推薦！ |
| 高三 | 高三免費(fèi)課程推薦！ | 初三 | 初三免費(fèi)課程推薦！ |
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Starting in l972，the National Park Service established a policy for forest fires calle Natural Burn．It was acknowledged that some forest fires，such as those caused by lightning were necessary for forests to maintain balanced ecosystems，so the fire should be allowed to burn．However, a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in l988 caused this policy to be abandoned since the fire was initially allowed to burn yet soon out of control．As a result，the fire of l988 destroyed much of Yellowstone，which is America’s oldest and most beloved national park．Massive areas of plants were destroyed，and large empty spaces and acres of burned and blackened trees greeted visitors．The rivers and streams were choked with ash，and the ecosystem of the park was changed beyond repair.
In addition，great numbers of animals were killed by the fires that bumed out of control. The fires were driven by high winds，moving as many as ten miles a day．Many small animals died in the flames．The fires’ rapid advances gave the wildlife little chance to escape. Even today，few of these small forest animals have returned to live in the park. In the years immediately following the fires，the numbers of visitors declined rapidly．No one was interested in seeing a blackened and treeless park on vacation．Yellowstone had previously been famous for its amazing views and unique geological formations such as the geyser Old Faithful. But now its reputation as America's wonder is damaged permanently.
【小題1】Natural Burn was adopted because some forest fires were
| A．hard to put out |
| B．started by lightning |
| C．good for the balance of nature |
| D．a(chǎn)pproved by National Park Service |
| A．became out of control at first |
| B．destroyed the park completely |
| C．was allowed to burn continuously |
| D．brought the natural burn policy to an end |
| A．Because winds were blown from high places． |
| B．Because the animals moved only ten miles a day． |
| C．Because the animals lived in lower places． |
| D．Because strong winds contributed to the fire a lot． |
| A．rare animals | B．unique plants | C．beautiful scenery | D．little streams |
| A．a(chǎn) science fiction | B．a(chǎn) news report |
| C．a(chǎn) commercial ad | D．a(chǎn) geography magazine |
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Being able to call on the old boy's network helps you get your foot in the door，but has little impact on your later success.Having good connections does change your possibility of being offered a higher wage when you start working，but has no impact on your eventual wage.Coming from a wealthy background has little impact on lifetime earnings.Over time，brain power soon overtakes(超過(guò))，and intelligence is the factor，which will determine your earnings and success.The speed of your rise through the ranks is determined largely by your own intelligence.
The study monitored earnings and promotions over the course of 25 years.Scores were used to assess the SocioEconomic Background(SEB)－wealth and connections－and standard Army intelligence tests used to assess intelligence.The study is sure to infuriate(激怒)those angered by wealthy groups such as Oxford's upper－crust(上流社會(huì))Bullingdon Club，of which both David Cameron and Borris Johnson were members.
Professor Yoav Ganzach says that these findings have a positive message for those，who can't rely on nepotism(裙帶關(guān)系)for their first job.“Your family can help you start your career and you do get an advantage，but it doesn't help you progress.And once you start working，you can go wherever your abilities take you，” he says.When intelligence and SEB are pitted directly against once another(相互較量)，intelligence is a more accurate predictor of future career success，he say.
【小題1】How many factors which may influence one's career are mentioned in the passage?
| A．1. | B．2. |
| C．3. | D．4. |
| A．People who are lack of money. |
| B．People who can't depend on nepotism. |
| C．People with high intelligence. |
| D．People with wide connections. |
| A．Earnings and promotions are up to your own. |
| B．A study conducted by Professor Yoav Ganzach. |
| C．SEB is very important in one's first career. |
| D．Success is determined by your own brain power. |
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Most young people enjoy some forms of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling, swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some forms—football, basketball, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering.
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks in high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as others, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of different kinds which would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve in skills year by year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty. But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they perhaps climb with more skills and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
【小題1】What sports are popular among people in winter in the passage?
| A．Soccer and golf. | B．Skiing and skating. |
| C．Cycling and hockey. | D．Mountaineering. |
| A．strong emotion | B．good way |
| C．better feeling | D．enough affection |
| A．it has man-made rules |
| B．it is too dangerous for climbers |
| C．it can’t bring people joy or leisure |
| D．it is free for climbers to use their own methods |
| A．mountaineering has no appeal for people |
| B．physical quality is more important than mental one for climbers |
| C．a(chǎn) mountain climber passes his best by the age of thirty |
| D．it is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the Alps |
| A．Sports in winter | B．Team work in climbing |
| C．Mountaineering | D．The quality for mountaineering |
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”.
“The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette（禮儀）is sort of strange,” Gray told the BBC. “They are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”
We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.
He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want – it’s your own little box.
If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally（對(duì)角線地）across from each other to create distance.
When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.
New entrants to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple – look down, or look at your phone.
Why are we so awkward in lifts?
“You don’t have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arm’s length of distance between us. And that’s not possible in most elevators.”
In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed（理解）as threatening or strange. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.
【小題1】The main purpose of the article is to _______.
A. share an interesting but awkward elevator ride
B. tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquette
C. analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator
B. remind us not to behave strangely when in an elevator
【小題2】According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _______.
| A．turn around and greet one another |
| B．look around or examine their phone |
| C．try to keep a distance from other people |
| D．make eye contact with those in the elevator |
| A．judge | B．ignore | C．put up with | D．make the best of |
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Researchers claimed that waitresses who wear red get up to 26 percent extra in tips than they would wearing other colors. However, the team finds that the sexes tip very differently—with the bigger tips coming only from male customers.
No matter what color they wear, female diners will give the same kind of amounts for service every time. Yet men, whether they realize it or not, add anything between 15 and 26 percent more to a waitress in red than they would if it was the same waitress wearing a different color.
The test was simple. Take 11 waitresses in five restaurants over a six-week period and ask them to wear the same kind of T-shirt every day but change the colors. Previous research has suggested waitresses could earn more if they acted charmingly or wore more make-up than their colleagues. But this study, by the Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, only changed the color of the T-shirt. Every other aspect from make-up to behavior remained the same.
When wearing either black, white, green, blue or yellow T-shirts, the size of the tips from both male and female customers was almost identical. But when they wore red, the size of the tips went up by between 15 and 26 percent from male customers, yet stayed the same from female ones.
A total of 272 restaurant customers were studied by researchers Nicolas Gueguen and Celine Jacob for the international journal of the tourism industry.
Even as a T-shirt, it shows just how much the color red is thought, by men, to increase the physical and sexual attractiveness of woman, said the researchers.
The researchers wrote: As red color has no negative effect on women customers, it could be in their interest to wear clothes at work.
【小題1】The underlined word “identical” in Para. 4 probably means____________________.
| A．different | B．similar | C．the same | D．close |
| A．wearing red T-shirts | B．putting on attractive make-up |
| C．changing the color of T-shirts | D．behaving themselves |
| A．Bright color can increase the physical and sexual attractiveness of women. |
| B．Waitresses in red make no difference to female customers. |
| C．Make-up makes no difference to man customers. |
| D．Whether male customers tips more or not depends on service. |
| A．People tip differently if waitresses wear different make-up. |
| B．Waitresses who wear red get more tips than they would wearing other colors. |
| C．Male customers are more interested in the red color. |
| D．Red color has no negative effect on female customers. |
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year. Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same; they want their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.
Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days. Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings. Most of Chinese people will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.
It is the money given to kids from their parents and grandparents as New Year gift. The money is believed to bring good luck, ward off monsters; hence the name "lucky money". Parents and grandparents first put money in small, especially-made red envelopes and give the red envelopes to their kids after the New Year's Feast or when they come to visit them on the New Year. They choose to put the money in red envelopes because Chinese people think red is a lucky color. They want to give their children both lucky money and lucky color.
【小題1】What can we learn from the Paragragh 1？
| A．Chinese New Year Celebration is one of the most important celebrations in China |
| B．Chinese New Year Celebration can bring luck to them during the next year |
| C．Some different celebrations still exist |
| D．Kids can get their lucky money during the Chinese New Year Celebration |
| A．Wal-Mart Stores | B．Your uncle’s family |
| C．Yuanmingyuan Imperial Garden | D．High school |
| A．Set off fireworks | B．Come over relatives |
| C．Receive presents | D．Get lucky money |
| A．A travel brochure | B．A newspaper |
| C．A tradition guide | D．A textbook |
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
People in cities all over the world shop in supermarkets. When you enter the supermarket, you see shelves full of food. You walk in the aisles, pushing your shopping cart. You probably hear soft, slow music in the supermarket. This kind of music is playing to relax you and make you walk slowly. Thus, you will probably stay longer and buy more food.
Where do you go in the supermarket when you first arrive? Many people go to the meat section first. This area of the store has many different kinds of meat. Some kinds are expensive and others are not. Usually, some kinds of meat are on sale. So it has a special low price. The manager of the store knows where the customers usually enter the meat section. The meat on sale is usually at the other end of the section, away from where the customers enter. If you want to buy this specially priced meat, you have to walk by the more expensive meat first. Maybe you will see something that you want to buy before you reach the cheaper, inexpensive meat. Then you will spend more money in the meat section.
The diary section sells milk that is low in fat. Some supermarkets sell three different containers（包裝盒）of low-fat milk. Each container looks different, but each contains the same product. One says "1% fat", one says "99% fat free" and one says "low-fat" in big letters and "1%"in very small letters. If you look carefully you can see that all the milk has the same amount of fat, and each container is the same size. The prices of all these three should be the same. However, in many stores these three containers of milk would each have a different price. The store will make more money if a customer chooses the milk that costs the most.
Most of the food in supermarkets is very attractive. People often stop to look at the products in attractive containers. But remember, many products will say, "Buy me!". Stop and think which ones are the best value for your money.
【小題1】The word "aisles" in the first paragraph means _______ .
| A．the entrance of a supermarket |
| B．the place where you pay for your goods |
| C．the way between the shelves |
| D．the place where the special priced meat is on sale. |
| A．maybe you will buy some | B．you will not look at it |
| C．you will buy diary products | D．maybe it is on sale |
| A．contain three different amount of milk |
| B．contain three different kinds of milk |
| C．each have the same amount of fat |
| D．a(chǎn)re all the same price |
| A．it is cheap |
| B．the customers will buy more |
| C．it is expensive |
| D．it is in the diary section |
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Of all the websites, one that has attracted attention recently is myspace.com. Most of this attention has come from the media and tells every reason why the website should be shut down. The danger of internet predators(竊掠者) is indeed a tough reality, but shutting down the site is not the answer. If myspace.com were shut down, another site would quickly take its place. Therefore, the right way is to teach teens how to use the site safely and educate them about who may be predators and how to avoid them.
The key to staying safe on the Internet is to make sure that your profile(個(gè)人資料) is secure. The simplest way is to change the privacy setting on your profile to “private”, which protects your information so that only the people on your friend list can view it. Although this is effective, it is not perfect. Predators can find ways to view your profile if they really want to, whether through hacking(非法侵入) in or figuring out their way onto your friend list. Thus, you should never post too much personal information. Some people actually post their home and school addresses, date of birth, and other personal information, often letting predators know exactly where they will be and when. The safest information is your first name and province. Anything more is basically inviting a predator into your life.
Another big problem is photos. I suggest completely skipping photos and never posting a photo of a friend online without asking permission.
Most importantly, never, under any circumstances, agree to a real-life meeting with anyone you meet online. No matter how well you think you know this person, there are no guarantees that they have told the truth. But you could feel free to chat with people you meet on the site, but just remember that not everyone is who they say they are. Hopefully, the next time you edit your profile, you’ll be more informed about the dangers of Internet predators and take the steps to defend yourself.
Lastly, do not send money to anyone you meet online. A common scam among Internet criminals is to request to pay for “expensive Internet charges” or “unreasonable Internet cafe fees”. While it is indeed true that many countries in Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa and South America do not yet have Internet service readily available in all cities and towns, a sincere friend from one of these countries will be more than happy to pay their own Internet charges. Never, under any circumstances, should you send money to a stranger from another country(or within your own country for that matter) who claims monetary assistance is required to continue their contact with you.
【小題1】Kids can avoid web predators successfully by________.
| A．a(chǎn)ttracting more public attention |
| B．shutting down the “myspace.com” |
| C．learning different ways to try other sites |
| D．recognizing and getting away from them |
| A．everybody you meet online isn’t honest and reliable |
| B．it is not acceptable to post a photo of a friend online |
| C．it is not safe to chat with grown-ups on the website |
| D．only you and your friends can view your personal profile |
| A．A thing that you can have two choices. |
| B．An unpleasant task that tests one’s ability. |
| C．A possibility of something happening. |
| D．An illegal plan for making money. |
| A．Personal Safety. | B．Web Safety for Teens. |
| C．Web Hackers in the past. | D．Predators’ Tricks. |
查看答案和解析>>
百度致信 - 練習(xí)冊(cè)列表 - 試題列表
湖北省互聯(lián)網(wǎng)違法和不良信息舉報(bào)平臺(tái) | 網(wǎng)上有害信息舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū) | 電信詐騙舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū) | 涉歷史虛無(wú)主義有害信息舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū) | 涉企侵權(quán)舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū)
違法和不良信息舉報(bào)電話：027-86699610 舉報(bào)郵箱：58377363@163.com