George Aldrich, whose official title is chemical specialist, works at NASA’s White Sands Test Facility in New Mexico. He uses his nose to protect astronauts from unpleasant or harmful odors (氣味). His near four-decade career has involved smelling objects from technical handbooks to astronauts’ personal things.

It’s crucial that all items taken aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are odorless. Since astronauts are allowed to bring personal items aboard, all their objects must be smell-checked before leaving Earth. In a video provided by Science Channel, Aldrich relates on specific occasion when an astronaut wanted to build a ship in a bottle in space. Everything in the ship-building process had to be sniffed — right down to the glue.

Aldrich and his team are responsible for making sure that objects are not only odorless but also harmless to astronauts. When the ISS heats up, a process called off-gassing occurs, which means chemicals flow out from certain substances (物質(zhì)). Objects that would be safe on Earth could give off unpleasant odors or become dangerous when exposed to high temperatures in the ISS’s unique environment.

Of course, humans aren’t the only testers or the first to be exposed to potentially dangerous objects. Before Aldrich sticks his nose into a substance, it has been examined by machines. Even though machines can detect unsafe substances, computers cannot tell exactly how things smell to humans. While something could be technically fine, it could be smelly to an astronaut.

Aldrich’s nose is not alone there. He is the head of a hard-sniffing team of smell testers. Together they smell each object and rate it on a scale (等級(jí)) of 1 to 4. According to NASA, I cannot be detected, and 4 is considered not bearable. After the scientists conclude their tests, the scores are averaged. If an item is rated more than 2.4 on the scale, it fails the test and is not allowed on the flight.

1.Which can describe the smell check from Paragraph 2?

A. Quite dangerous. B. Extremely strict.

C. Rather boring. D. Very complex.

2.What is a threat to astronauts’ safety at the ISS?

A. Negative emotions. B. Odor-related disease.

C. The off-gassing process. D. Changes in temperature.

3.What should be done before Aldrich and his team start their work?

A. Using machines to test objects.

B. Having a meeting to make the scale.

C. Using computers to examine their noses.

D. Listing potentially dangerous substances.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. An unusual smell tester. B. Astronauts’ life at the ISS.

C. Strong odors in a spaceship. D. The smell of personal items.

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：江西省2016-2017學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期第三次考試英語(yǔ)試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Mid-IB at a glance

The summer vacation is the time to strengthen your learning and prepare for the year ahead. In July and August Oxford Study Courses will once again hold its Mid-IB Summer School for students half way through their IB Diploma（國(guó)際預(yù)科證書(shū)）.

We’ll be back giving another generation of IB students a unique opportunity to sample a way of life enjoyed by students at famous universities.

Students who have completed the first year of their IB Diploma can join us and we can help them prepare for their important second year.

Students can choose how many subjects they study. Each subject is studied for one week. You can attend up to 5 weeks.

The Mid-IB Summer School is held at Cambridge University in the UK （between June 20th and August 1 st） and at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT）in Boston, USA （between July 6th and July 25th）.

Student comments

◆ “The classes have shown me new approaches to learning. I have also learned how to approach exam questions and now feel confident in doing so.”

◆ “It was cool creating tight and close relationships with other students from around the world, realizing we all had a connection to each other.”

◆ “I really enjoyed the level of independence, although I felt like people were watching out for us. I also felt like an Oxford student!”

◆ “I have enjoyed the learning style and the course work has been extremely beneficial academically.”

Enjoy the summer

Our Summer School gives you an action-packed social scene with visits to the fun places in the area, organized sports and social events, and advice on how to enjoy your free time in these amazing cities with your new friends. Welcome to contact us at ose@ose-ib.com or on +44（0）1865 521802!

1.The Mid-IB Summer School is intended for the students who ________.

A. have finished their first year of college

B. have completed the first year of their IB Diploma

C. don’t know how to spend their summer vacation

D. intend to apply for Oxford University

2.What can be inferred from the text?

A. Students will visit many fun places around the world.

B. Only students from England and America have access to the school.

C. A student can at most choose 5 subjects.

D. Students can obtain their IB Diploma when they finish their studies.

3.Which of the following about the Mid-IB Summer School is true?

A. It is held in three universities.

B. It provides only academic courses.

C. It begins in July.

D. Students attending will study for 5 weeks.

4.The text is most probably a（n）_________.

A. news story B. advertisement

C. travel guide D. speech

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：江蘇省鹽城市2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

Teenagers should be cautious about the content on social networking sites, for their tastes and preferences ________ by what they see in the media.

A. shape B. were shaped

C. are shaped D. have shaped

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：江蘇省鹽城市2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

This means that, unless you say ________, no one can perform a piece written by you or make copies of it without your permission.

A. accordingly B. nevertheless

C. otherwise D. moreover

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：河南省漯河市2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷 題型：書(shū)面表達(dá)

假定你是李華，你的美國(guó)筆友Andy即將到你所在的中學(xué)做一年交換生（exchange student），想提前了解一些情況，故寫(xiě)信向你求助。請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封回信，提供有關(guān)天氣、當(dāng)?shù)仫嬍沉?xí)慣、學(xué)校生活等方面的信息。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾己給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Andy,

I'm glad to hear that you are coming to study with us for a year as an exchange student.__________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to meeting you.

Yours,

Li Hua

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：湖南省常德市2016-2017學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷 題型：單句改錯(cuò)

1.When I woke up, I found myself lying in bed and surrounding by doctors and nurses.

2.He is one of the students in my class who is often praised by our headmaster.

3.I saw streets just as they had been by stepping stones along the road.

4.They made Professor Zhang the director of the institute.

5.A library, together with five thousand books have been sent to the nation as a gift.

6.It surprised me was that the little girl worked out the problem in only five minutes.

7.She is not certain about she has done anything wrong.

8.The discovery of new evidence led to the thief having caught.

9.By the 10th century, Old English became the official language of England.

10.When she entered the room, she saw him was surfing the Internet.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：湖南省常德市2016-2017學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷 題型：閱讀理解

My roommate Lily was well organized, while I was not. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (貼標(biāo)簽) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Lily got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.

War broke out one evening. Lily came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming. “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.

The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Lily answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.

Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Lily had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.”

Lily and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned 高一閱讀理解My roommate Lily was well organized while I was the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.

1.What made Lily so angry one evening?

A. She heard the author shouting loud.

B. She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed.

C. She got the news that her grandma was ill.

D. She couldn’t find her books.

2.How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes.

B. By following time order.

C. By showing differences.

D. By describing a process.

3.The author tidied up the room most probably because _______.

A. she wanted to show her care

B. she hated herself for being so messy

C. she was asked by Lily to do so

D. she was scared by Lily’s anger

4.What might be the best title for the story?

A. Hard Work Pays Off

B. Learning to Be Roommates

C. My Friend Lily

D. How to Be Organized

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：安徽省蚌埠市2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Smoking is harmful. But as soon as you quit the habit, everything will be OK, right?

Wrong

New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes(基因) will stay there for a much longer time. In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were non-smokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed—a number that is one-third of known human genes.

According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.

When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.

This means your body is trying to heal (治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years. It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥)—it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.

Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.

1.The function of Paragraph 1 is to ________.

A. show the main idea of the passage B. give an example

C. make an argument D. introduce the topic of the passage

2.Most genetic changes happen because of ________.

A. people’s condition at birth B. people’s bad living habits

C. environmental pollution D. heart disease and cancer

3.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to ________.

A. the genetic change B. the cement

C. the harmful effect D. the footprint

4.Which of the following statements is true?

A. The findings are the fruit of more than three years’ research.

B. The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking

C. The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.

D. The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2017年高考英語(yǔ)母題題源系列06 閱讀理解（故事類(lèi)） 題型：閱讀理解

【吉林省長(zhǎng)白山市2017屆高三第二次模擬】

A

I am a 21-year-old boy, and this is my story.

One month after I graduated from high school in 2009,I was coming home from swim practice and was involved in a car accident. I was so seriously injured that I was in a coma（昏迷）for over two months at Prince Georges Hospital.

I died eight times during my coma and I couldn’t talk or communicate when I woke up. Walking was never going to happen again due to all the extreme injuries. Just like my body, my dreams were almost shattered. But I was not going to let my injuries prevent me from living my dreams.

After 14 operations and blood transfusions, I had to learn how to talk, eat, walk, shower and live independently again. When I was out of hospital, I still had to go to outpatient therapy in Waldorf, Maryland. After spending a few months in a wheelchair, I took baby steps to walk on my own. It was a miracle that I could walk again, but I wanted to prove that I could not only walk, but run. When it came true, I wanted to get back in the pool again. After a few lung tests, I was able to go in the pool a little bit each week. After a few months of swim training, I began my freshman year at St.Mary’s College of Maryland and became a proud member of the swim team.

By telling my story, I want to make a positive influence on the world. I am just trying to live each day to the fullest and inspire other people never to give up their dreams no matter how bad a situation is. I remember when I was still in my hospital bed, I would have my mom and dad push me around in my wheelchair to the other rooms to see the other patients and talk to them and their families. I wanted to let them know that everything was going to be okay. Somehow, things would work out for the best.

1.When the car accident happened, the author________.

A. was a high school student B. had finished his high school education

C. was a college student D. was returning home from a swim competition

2.What does the underlined word “shattered” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Begun B. Destroyed C. Shared D. Taken

3.It can be inferred that the author ________after he woke up from his coma.

A. was out of hospital B. was in surprise

C. faced physical and mental challenges D. was worried about his lung

4.What does the author mainly want to show in the last paragraph?

A. His purpose of sharing his story. B. His painful experiences.

C. His influence on students. D. His great achievements.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案