Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger , but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(鋪砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too In the United States , a family of four can use 1. 5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.
You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher (洗碗機(jī))only when it is full 。Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.
小題1:Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?
A．Using river water.B．Throwing batteries away.
C．Paving parking lots.D．Throwing rubbish into lakes.
小題2:What can be inferred from the text?
A．All water shortages are due to human behavior.
B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.
C．There is much we can do to reduce family size.
D．The average family in America makes proper use of water.
小題3:The last paragraph is intended to             .
A．show us how to fix leaks at home
B．tell us how to run a dishwasher
C．prove what drinking glass is best for us
D．suggest what we do to save water at home
小題4:The text is mainly about          .
A．Why paving roads reduces our water
B．how much we depend on water to live
C．why droughts occur more in dry climates
D．how human activity affects our water supply

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:D
小題4:D

主旨大意：這是一篇關(guān)于用水問題的議論文。告訴我們，盡管大量用水和污染水源使人類用水處于危險(xiǎn)境地，但是人類一些小型的活動也對用水問題有著巨大的影響。短文詳細(xì)描寫了生活中容易造成浪費(fèi)的一些用水問題，并提出了相應(yīng)的建議。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)The more roads and parking lots we pave , the less water can�。鎙ow into the ground to become groundwater. 可知選Ｃ。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs及下文描述，可知要滿足我們的用水需求需要很大的努力, 故選B。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)You can take steps to save water in your home. 及本段描述，可知本段主要是針對如何節(jié)水提出建議，選Ｄ。
小題4:這篇短文主要描述了人類活動與水資源的關(guān)系，告訴我們?nèi)绾蝸砉?jié)約用水。故選Ｄ，人類活動如何影響我們的用水供應(yīng)。
【考點(diǎn)定位】關(guān)于用水問題的說明文閱讀
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（監(jiān)控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.
Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer’s Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked - remotely - to prevent Internet searches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down?
In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid - that students haven’t just searched the Internet to get the right answers.
Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses." Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.
Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone number they once used.
Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.
小題1:Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?
A．To correct her typing mistakes.
B．To find her secrets in the room.
C．To prevent her from slowing down.
D．To keep her from dishonest behaviors.
小題2:The underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______.
A．a(chǎn)dvanced techniqueB．sharpening tool
C．effective ruleD．dividing line
小題3: For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if _____.
A．they can attract potential studentsB．they can defeat academic cheating
C．they offer students online helpD．they offer many online courses
小題4:Some programs can find out possible cheaters by _____.
A．checking the question answering speed
B．producing a large number of question
C．scanning the Internet test question
D．giving difficult test question
小題5: Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A．The Advantages of Online Exams
B．The High-tech Methods in Online Courses
C．The Fight against Cheating in Online Education
D．The War against the Booming of Online Education

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Below is a selection from a popular science book.
If blood is red, why are veins (靜脈) blue?
Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish color. Although blood looks red when it’s outside the body, when it’s sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it’s more of a dark reddish purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.
Which works harder, your heart or your brain?
That kind of depends on whether you’re busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker（超級油輪）. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you’re sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.
Why do teeth fall out, and why don’t they grow back in grown-ups?
Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make bigger room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed（腐爛）and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you’re done. When they’re gone, they are gone. This is because nature figures you’re set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.
Do old people shrink（收縮）as they age?
Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn’t because they’re shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine (脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effect of gravity (重力). Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don’t really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards—their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it’s because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.
Why does spinning make you dizzy)?
Because your brain gets confused between what you’re seeing and what you’re feeling. The brain senses that you’re spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you’re moving while you’re not.
Where do feelings and emotions come from?
Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system（邊緣系統(tǒng)）. All mammals have this brain area — from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on this planet.
If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?
Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it’s “use it, or lose it”! It’s not that exercise makes you healthy, it’s more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.  
 
小題1:What is the color of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?
A．BlueB．Light yellow
C．Red D．Dark reddish purple
小題2:Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?
A．Because their spine is in active use.
B．Because they are more easily affected by gravity.
C．Because they keep growing backwards.
D．Because their spine becomes more bent.
小題3:Which of the following statements about our brain is true?
A．In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.
B．When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.
C．The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.
D．Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.
小題4:What is the main purpose of the selection?
A．To give advice on how to stay healthy.
B．To provide information about our body.
C．To challenge new findings in medical research.
D．To report the latest discoveries in medical science.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Google, the Internet search and mapping company, has developed a car that can steer without a driver.
Sometimes the reality is stranger than science fiction: Google is road-testing cars that steer, stop and start without a human driver. The goal is to “help prevent traffic accidents, free up people’s time and reduce carbon emissions.” says Sebastian Thrun, who is the project leader for the driverless car, or Carbot.
By developing the car and the software that drives it, Google wants to change how people get from place to p1ace. Eric Schmidt, one of the company’s top officials, said, “Your car should drive itself. It just makes sense.”
So far, the driverless autos have gone about 140,000 miles on California roads without people taking over the driving. Many of the roads are very busy or full of curves that challenge human drivers. The autos’ software makes it possible to know speed limits, traffic patterns and road maps. The vehicles use radar, lasers and video cameras to find other cars and avoid people crossing streets.
There has only been one accident during the testing. And in that case, the Carbot was hit from behind by a human driver when Goog1e’s car was stopped at a red light. Engineers say the driverless cars are safer than autos with people behind the wheel because the computers react much more quickly than humans.
The Carbot is still in very early testing stages. Experts agree that it will be years before you will be able to buy one. But it is likely that one day you will be sitting in the driver’s seat of a driverless car. When the auto was first invented it was called a “horseless carriage”. Now it seems that it is time for the “driverless carriage” to be part of our 1ives.
小題1:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．An auto revolution is on its way.
B．Google has developed a driverless car.
C．The Carbot has passed its early testing stages.
D．Science fiction has turned into reality.
小題2:The driverless car is safer than an auto with people because _______.
A．it uses radar, lasers and video cameras
B．it knows speed limits, traffic patterns and road maps
C．the computer has a better sense of direction than drivers
D．the software responds to emergencies faster than a human driver
小題3:The advantage of the Carbot is that _______.
A．it can drive all by itself
B．it can avoid any traffic accident
C．it doesn’t pollute the environment
D．it is the most fashionable car nowadays
小題4:70. The author’s attitude towards the Carbot is _______.
A．unfriendlyB．desperateC．criticalD．optimistic

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean, an S-shaped body of water covering 33 million square miles. The Atlantic has, in a sense, replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization. Unlike real inland seas, which seem strangely still, the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness. It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.
“Storm at Sea”, a short poem written around 700, is generally regarded as one of mankind’s earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.
When the wind is from the west
All the waves that cannot rest
To the east must thunder on
Where the bright tree of the sun
Is rooted in the ocean’s breast.
As the poem suggests, the Atlantic is never dead and dull. It is an ocean that moves, impressively and endlessly. It makes all kinds of noise—it is forever thundering, boiling, crashing, and whistling.
It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath—perhaps not so noticeably out in mid-ocean, but where it meets land, its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach. It mimics(模仿) nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences, too: unimaginable quantities of creatures, little and large alike, mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony, giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat, a kind of sub-ocean vitality. And it has a psychology. It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.
小題1:Unlike real inland seas, the Atlantic Ocean is______.
A．a(chǎn)lways energetic
B．lacking in liveliness
C．shaped like a square
D．favored by ancient poets
小題2:What is the purpose of using the poem “Storm at Sea” in the passage?
A．To describe the movement of the waves.
B．To show the strength of the storm.
C．To represent the power of the ocean.
D．To prove the vastness of the sea.
小題3:What does the underlined word “symbiotic” mean?
A．Living together.
B．Growing fast.
C．Moving harmoniously.
D．Breathing peacefully.
小題4:In the last paragraph, the Atlantic is compared to______.
A．a(chǎn) beautiful and poetic place
B．a(chǎn) flesh and blood person
C．a(chǎn) wonderful world
D．a(chǎn) lovely animal

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Pay Attention to the Organization of an Article.
Check Your Understanding.
Lightning Speed Exercise
Set Aside Time Each Day.
Check Your Progress through Pacing
Speed up When Necessary.
小題1:______
Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some specific regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always made it a rule to spend at least 15 minutes on general reading before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.
小題2:______
Nearly all ‘speed reading’ courses have a ‘pacing’ element---some timing device which lets the students know how many words a minutes he is reading. You can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached.
小題3:______
Obviously there is little point in increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you can’t remember clearly the details of what was said, re-read the section or chapter.
小題4:______
Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading at the time. Read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not bother about whether you understand or not. After a ‘lightning speed’ of reading, you will usually find that your ‘normal’ speed has increased.
小題5:______
Most paragraphs in an article have a ‘topic sentence’ which expresses the central ideas. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the piece, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence(實(shí)質(zhì)) of what has been said.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在短文后的表格中填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：表格的每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。
Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment （投資）available in the developing world. Women's education may be unusual territory for economists（經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家）, but enhancing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics（經(jīng)濟(jì)因素）, with its emphasis on incentives, provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived（剝奪）of an education.
　　Parents in low-income countries fail to invest（投資）in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school - the prophecy （預(yù)言) becomes self- fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle (惡性循環(huán)) of neglect.
　　An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy.
Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.
Topic: The significance of female小題1:       in developing countries
Opinion
Educating girls in more小題2:    than any other investment.
Families
From low-income families
From educated mothers’ families
Attitudes
Girls are of less小題3:         
than boys.
Development should be for all小題4:
       .
小題5:          
There is小題6:    invests ment in daughters.
Girls are made to may at home, 小題7:
      housework.
Girls and boys have小題8:       
chances.
Significance
Educating girls小題9:     to social benefits, conceit advantages and health practices, including faruly planning.
小題10:        
Educating girls in developing countries is important and rewarding.
 

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Annalisee Brasil, a 14-year-old girl, is one of the brightest kids of her generation. When Annalisee was 3, her mother Angi noticed that she was stringing together word cards into correct sentences. After the girl turned 6, her mother took her for an IQ text. Her IQ is above 145, placing the girl in the top 0.1% of the population. Annalisee should be the star pupil at school. She is witty and pretty, and it’s easy to imagine she would get along well at school. But Annalisee’s parents couldn’t find a school willing to take their daughter. So her mother homeschooled Annalisee.
But Angi felt something was missing in her daughter’s life. Annalisee didn’t have a rich social network of other kids. She had trouble getting along with others. She described herself as a “perfectionist” and said other students sometimes were jealous of her.
What’s needed is a new model for gifted education. That’s the idea behind the Davidson Academy of Nevada. At the academy, all the kids are skipping ahead quickly. However, the academy’s most important gift to its students is social, not academic. One of the main functions of the school is to provide a good social setting for the highly gifted.
Last year the school enrolled Annalisee, which has been good for her. She has made friends at the academy. She has also developed an interest in calculus(微積分) and biochemistry(生物化學(xué)). Socially, Annalisee is finally learning to get along with others. “It’s been interesting having to deal with that and getting used to the judgments of other kinds,” she said. “We get into arguments a lot, because we’re all really smart people with opinions, and it doesn’t always turn out that great. Sometimes I take things a little too personally.”
What is the passage mainly about?
Annalisee Brasil——the star pupil at school.
A smart girl who entered a proper school and benefited from gifted education.
A smart girl who had trouble getting along with others.
A girl who was too smart to find a suitable school.
小題1:The word “perfectionist” in paragraph two probably means a person who _________.
A．is smarter than others
B．is always favored by teachers
C．can do everything well and has strong demands
D．is accepted by others as a good leader
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A．At the age of 3, Annalisee took an IQ test, in which she scored above 145.
B．Finding no school willing to take Annalisee, her father had to homschool her.
C．The Davidson Academy of Nevada emphasizes social gift more than academic gift.
D．After being enrolled by the academy, Annalisee enjoyed her school life without ant argument with her classmates.
小題3:What can you infer from the passage?
A．Annalisee has realized her problem and is gradually changing her attitude towards others.
B．One of the main functions of the gifted education is to provide a good social setting for the highly gifted.
C．Without the academy, Annalisee couldn’t have learnt so much.
D． Like Annalisee, many other smart kids also have the similar trouble.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The works of Shakespeare and Wordsworth are “rocket-boosters” to the brain and better therapy than self-help books, researchers will say this week.
Scientists, psychologists and English academics at Liverpool University have found that reading the works of the Bard and other classical writers has a beneficial effect on the mind, catches the reader’s attention and cause moments of self-reflection.
Using scanners, they monitored the brain activity of volunteers as they read works by William Shakespeare, William Wordsworth, T.S Eliot and others.
They then “translated” the texts into more “straightforward”, modern language and again monitored the readers’ brains as they read the words.
Scans showed that the more “challenging” prose （散文）and poetry set off far more electrical activity in the brain than the more pedestrian versions.
Scientists were able to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and record how it “l(fā)it up” as the readers encountered unusual words, surprising phrases or difficult sentence structure.
This “l(fā)ighting up” of the mind lasts longer than the initial electrical spark, shifting the brain to a higher gear, encouraging further reading.
The research also found that reading poetry, in particular, increases activity in the right hemisphere （半球）of the brain, an area concerned with “autobiographical memory”, helping the reader to reflect on and reappraise their own experiences in light of what they have read. The academics said this meant the classics were more useful than self-help books.
Philip Davis, an English professor who has worked on the study with the university’s magnetic resonance centre, will tell a conference this week: “Serious literature acts like a rocket-booster to the brain.
"The research shows the power of literature to shift mental pathways, to create new thoughts, shapes and connections in the young and the elderly alike.”
小題1:How do classics such as Shakespeare and Wordsworth benefit the readers?
A．They set off far less electrical activity in the brain.
B．They light up the mind shorter than the initial electrical spark.
C．They shift physical pathways in the young and the elderly.
D．They draw readers’ attention and help make self-examination.
小題2:Why does the author mention” They then” translated”… modern language“？
A．To prove that classics are more useful than ordinary versions.
B．To show self-help books act like rocket-boosters to the brain.
C．To tell serious literature sets off far less electrical activity.
D．To make known ordinary versions set off more electrical activity
小題3:What can we conclude according to the researchers?
A．Self-help books are more valuable than classics.
B．Serious literature lights up the mind shorter than ordinary versions.
C．The right hemisphere of the brain is related to autobiographical memory.
D．Literature has a beneficial effect only on the mind of the young.
小題4:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Ordinary Versions Create New Thoughts
B．Modern Language Increases the Brain
C．Classics Help lmprove the Brain Activity
D．Self-help Books, Rocket-boosters

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