Hello, and welcome to our program of successful business women.
Today, we are looking at the of Maria Silvers, the 1. (found) of a chain of coffee bars. She comes from Singapore, 2. later moved to London with her family. Her father, 3. was a factory manager, filled her a(n) 4. (believe) in hard work. Maria studied political science at university. After 5. (leave) university, she became a teacher. When her father died, she went to New York for a break. Every morning, she’d go to a coffee bar.
When she got back to London she realized that there 6. (be) nothing like those coffee bars. So she decided 7. (give) up her job and do something about it. She opened the first coffee bar in 1995, and her 8. (succeed) was quick. She opened ten more the 9. (follow) year. Now she is proud of her success and plans to open eighty more 10. the eighty-five she already had. And Maria is only 33 years old.
科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆廣東省揭陽市高三第一次模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
In agrarian(農(nóng)業(yè)的), pre-industrial Europe, “you’d want to wake up early, start working with the sunrise, have a break to have the largest meal, and then you’d go back to work,” says Ken Albala, a professor of history at the University of the Pacific. “Later, at 5 or 6, you’d have a smaller supper.”
This comfortable cycle, in which the rhythms of the day helped shape the rhythms of the meals, gave rise to the custom of the large midday meal, eaten with the extended family. “Meals are the foundation of the family,” says Carole Couniban, a professor at Millersville University in Pennsylvania, “so there was a very important interconnection between eating together and strengthening family ties.”
Since industrialization, maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder, with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand. Certainly, there were benefits. Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity, including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available, making us more energetic than our ancestors.
Yet plenty has been lost too, even in cultures that still live to eat. Take Italy. It’s no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy, but it was also a joy to prepare and eat. Italians, says Counihan, traditionally began the day with a small meal. The big meal came at around 1 p.m. In between the midday meal and a late, smaller dinner came a small snack. Today, when time zones have less and less meaning, there is little tolerance for offices’ closing for lunch, and worsening traffic in cities means workers can’t make it home and back fast enough anyway. So the formerly small supper after sundown becomes the big meal of the day, the only one at which the family has a chance to get together. “The evening meal carries the full burden that used to be spread over two meals,” says Counihan.
1.What does Professor Carole Counihan say about pre-industrial European families eating meals together？
A. It was helpful to maintaining a nation’s tradition.
B. It brought family members closer to each other.
C. It was characteristic of the agrarian culture.
D. It enabled families to save a lot of money.
2.What does “cultural metabolism”（Line 1, Para. 3) refer to？
A. Evolutionary adaptation. B. Changes in lifestyle.
C. Social progress. D. Pace of life.
3.What does the author think of the food people eat today?
A. Its quality is usually guaranteed.
B. It is varied, abundant and nutritious.
C. It is more costly than what our ancestors ate.
D. Its production depends too much on technology.
4.What does the author say about Italians of the old days?
A. They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.
B. They ate a big dinner late in the evening.
C. They ate three meals regularly every day.
D. They were expert at cooking meals.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：選擇題
| A． | has lived | B． | lived | C． | had lived | D． | has been living |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：書面表達
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科目：高中英語 來源：重慶市2016-2017學年高二3月月考英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解
The sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations and breaking the law.
Airbnb is an internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare rooms to strangers for short stays. Uber is an internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.
The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that are competitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy.
But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airhnb’s customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.
Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and I trouble for hosts' neighbors. Hotels are regularly inspected(檢查) to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they don't form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.
Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting thefts. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.
The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently in disputes over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements imposed on standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers' ability to earn a minimum wage.
This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, but that doesn't mean the current tax and regulatory structure is perfect.
1.What is the positive thing about the sharing economy?
A. It makes use of spare resources.
B. It is beyond regulations.
C. It is a global trend.
D. It brings in modest profits.
2.What is the problem with Airbnb customers according to the passage?
A. They are not regularly inspected.
B. They may disturb hosts’ neighbours.
C. They are not allowed to escape taxes.
D. They are likely to commit thefts.
3.What is the argument over Uber according to the passage?
A. Whether it lowers customers' expenses.
B. Whether it provides reliable services.
C. Whether it guarantees customers' safety.
D. Whether it can compete with standard taxis.
4.What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?
A. Existing regulations and laws.
B. Necessary improvements of current laws.
C. Further development of Airbnb and Uber.
D. More downsides of Airbnb and Uber.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年江西省南昌市高二上學期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
The United States has always been a country of many cultures. Before Europeans came to North America, many groups of Native Americans lived here. Different Native American groups had different cultures. The first Europeans in the United States were from England and Holland, but immigrants came from all European countries. Many people also immigrated from Asia and Africa. Sadly, many Africans were brought to the United States as slaves. Many immigrants come from Latin America too. Today, the United States has people from more cultures than ever.
In the 19th century, people spoke of the United States as a “melting pot.” People thought that all immigrates should forget their native cultures and languages and become English-speaking Americans. They felt that people should assimilate-join American culture. However, not everyone wanted to assimilate completely. Many people tried to keep parts of their cultures, such as foods, customs, and languages. However, their children often forgot their parents’ or grandparents’ language. But most Americans, even those whose families have been here a long time, can tell the countries their relatives came from. And of course, new immigrants take great pride in their curare and language.
For all of these reasons, melting pot is no longer a good way to describe the United States. Instead, people now call the United States a “salad bowl.” They say salad bowl because in a salad, you can still see all of the individual parts (lettuce, tomato, and so on), but all the different parts mixed together and begin to take on the flavor of one another.
1.Who are not mentioned as immigrants to America?
A. Europeans B. Asians
C. Australians D. Latin Americans
2.The underlined word “assimilate” in paragraph 2 means .
A. delight B. accept
C. challenge D. reject
3.Why is a “salad bowl” a better way to call the United States instead of a “melting pot”?
A. Immigrants love to eat salads instead of hot pot
B. Immigrants take pride in their culture and language
C. Immigrants join American culture only partially
D. Immigrants remain independent completely
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. America and Immigrants
B. Different Groups, Different Cultures
C. America – A Salad Bowl
D. America – A Great Country
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆甘肅省天水市高三下學期第三次診斷考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Developed and developing nations can learn from each other seeking a low carbon economy, a Chinese government official said in Shanghai yesterday. “China doesn't lag developed nations in terms of energy saving and green economy”, said Zhou Changyi, director of the energy saving department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
“While we can learn many aspects from developed nations, they also should learn something from us, such as water conservation,” Zhou said in a speech during the new Path of China's Industrialization forum at the ongoing China International Industry Fair 2009.
He said industrialized nations and China are dealing with different issues to combat climate change. The United Kingdom, for example, is concerned about transport, buildings and new energy in reducing carbon emissions. For China, the most urgent task is how to realize new type of industrialization and avoid mistakes that other countries made when they industrialized.
As such, overseas exhibitors at this year's fair are showing ways to help China achieve low carbon emissions in the industrial section.
Swiss power and automation technology group ABB called for a stronger focus on product lifecycle assessment, or LCA, which is used to study the environmental impact of a product from the research and manufacturing stage through its usage and recycling.
Tobias Becker, head of ABB's process automation division for North Asia and China, said LCA is an effective tool in helping manufacturing industries to reduce carbon emissions.
LCA shows that industrial customers should focus on a product's environmental impact throughout its lifecycle instead of on its initial investment or ready to use stage. For example, a motor's initial investment accounts for only 3 percent of its lifecycle cost, while 94 percent goes to fuel consumption and the rest to maintenance.
Richard Hausmann, North East Asia CEO of Siemens, said, “The color of future industrialization is green.”
The Germany Company recently announces that it wants to receive orders worth more than 6 billion Euros (US 8.8 billion) for intelligent net power networks, Smart Grid, over the next five years. Siemens has set a 20 percent market share target for the global smart grid business.
A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using digital technology, advanced sensors specialized computers that save energy, reduce costs and increase reliability. The United States and China are considered the two biggest markets for smart grid.
1.“______” can replace the underlined word “l(fā)ag” in paragraph 2.
A. Fall behind B. Be superior to
C. Attack D. Fear
2.We can infer ______ from the eleventh paragraph of this passage.
A. Siemens has occupied 20 percent market share for the global smart grid business
B. Siemens received orders worth 6 billion Euros recently
C. Siemens will earn $ 8.8 billion from intelligent power networks
D. Siemens' plan about Smart Grid may come true in the future
3._______about Smart Grid isn’t mentioned in the passage.
A. Energy saving B. Low cost
C. Security D. Small in size
4.The best title for the passage is______.
A. Developed and Developing Nations Can Learn From Each Other
B. Low carbon Economy—a Shared Goal
C. Intelligent Power Networks
D. Two Biggest Markets for Smart Grid
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