Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy．After all, you probably sing when you are happy．
Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy．However they sing most of the time for a very different reason．Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory．
Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims (聲稱) as its own．Only he and his family are welcome there． No other families of the same species are welcome．Your house is your territory where only your family and friends are welcome．If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout．Probably this would be enough to frighten him away．
If so, you have actually frightened the stranger away without having to fight him．A bird does the same thing．But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting (筑巢) season．So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not．This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away．
小題1:Some scientists believe that most of the time bird’s singing is actually ______．
A．a(chǎn)n expression of happinessB．a(chǎn) way of warning
C．a(chǎn)n expression of angerD．a(chǎn) way of greeting
小題2:What is a bird’s “territory”?
A．A place where families of other species are not accepted.
B．A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice．
C．An area for which birds fight against each other．
D．An area which a bird considers to be its own．
小題3:Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season?
A．Because they want to invite more friends．
B．Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away．
C．Because they want to find outsiders around．
D．Because their singing helps get rid of their fears．
小題4:How does the writer explain birds’ singing?
A．By comparing birds with human beings．
B．By reporting experiment results．
C．By describing birds’ daily life．
D．By telling a bird’s story．

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:A

試題分析：文章介紹了鳥為什么會唱歌，大部分鳥的歌聲是一種警告，為了保護自己的領(lǐng)地不被外來者侵犯。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：However they sing most of the time for a very different reason．Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory．可知鳥唱歌是一種警告，選B
小題2:猜詞題：從第二段的句子：A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims (聲稱) as its own.可知這個單詞是“領(lǐng)地”的意思。選D
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章最后一段的句子：This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.可知在筑巢的時候鳥的歌唱是為了趕走外來者。選B
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：After all, you probably sing when you are happy. Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason.可知作者解釋鳥的歌唱是把它和人相比較。選A
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Life on Mars could become a reality and it could happen in your lifetime.
A welcoming planet
Scientists say Earth’s neighbor Mars, a bright red planet about half Earth’s size, is the most likely to support human life. Mars even has frozen water on its surface.
Since the late 1990s, NASA has been exploring Mars using remote-controlled vehicles（裝置）. Most recently Curiosity, a car-size vehicle, traveled through space on an unpiloted spacecraft(航天器) and landed on Mars in August 2012. Directed by NASA scientists , the vehicles move on the surface, taking pictures , collecting and analyzing soil, and looking for signs of life.
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_____________________________________
But before you start packing your bags, let’s consider the challenges. For starters, Mars is far away. Just getting there could take up to 10 months.
Scientists already know that time away from Earth’s gravity harms the human body. Bones and muscles get weaker. The body produces less blood. What damage would months and months of living in space do?
And then there is the matter of water, oxygen, food and fuel. Scientists will have to find solutions to these problems, or the first humans on Mars won’t survive very long in their new home.
Tiny Dangers
There’s another tinier risk. It’s so tiny that you can’t even see it: germs.
Some scientists believe that our germs could pollute the whole planet of Mars. Potentially killing Martian life before we have the chance to discover it. Worse, there is a small but terrifying chance that any microscopic life already there might be harmful to us .
Worse still, if any of those Martian germs(火星細(xì)菌) were brought back to Earth, the result could be disastrous. Animals, plants, and people could be wiped out.
Worth the $$$?
A more practical concern is the cost. The price could approach $ 1 trillion(萬億). How can we justify spending that much when so many problems—poverty, disease—could use the cash here on Earth?
小題1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the “A welcoming planet” part?
A．Mars is a little bigger than Earth.
B．There are flowing rivers on Mars.
C．People haven’t been to Mars so far.
D．Scientists have discovered signs of life on Mars.
小題2:Which of the following can best fill in the blank in the passage?
A．Living in space.B．Limited resources.
C．Extreme conditions.D．Interesting challenges.
小題3:By “Tiny dangers” the author means ________________.
A．there is no serious danger
B．people won’t be in any danger
C．it’s difficult for people to realize the danger
D．the danger may be caused by very small things
小題4:Which may cause the biggest danger?
A．Martian germs may be different from those on Earth.
B．Martian germs may be brought back to Earth.
C．People may carry germs to Mars.
D．There may be germs on Mars.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A farm planted levels or floors is called a vertical(垂直的)farm. A skyscraper type building can house a vertical farm. Since the garden is built upwards，rather than outwards，it requires much less space than a conventional farm.
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There is a growing concern about the use of pesticides(殺蟲劑) in agriculture today. But the vertical farm would be a greenhouse type environment, avoiding the need for a large number of pesticides. Vertical farms can be built in a contained space，therefore they are an excellent solution for living well in an environment far different from our own. Hydroponics(水耕法) could be a big part of vertical gardening. This would reduce the amount of soil needed to grow food. Of course，not all food does well with this type of planting，but there are many crops that actually seem to do better.
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B．is dependent on solar power
C．is planted on levels upwards
D．is only an environmental friendly farm
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A．depend far less on sunlight
B．greatly increase the use of soil
C．help to protect the limited gardens
D．reduce the harmful effect of pesticides
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A．have already been put into use
B．only use hydroponics to grow food
C．need less room than conventional farms
D．may increase the transportation costs
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Vertical farms for our future
B．Ways to deal with future problems
C．Vertical farms and green skyscrapers
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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When asked to remember their dreams,  the " short sleepers"  did poorly. More than this,  they seemed to prefer not remembering. Similarly, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was not to admit that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the " short sleepers"  were similar to,  but less extreme than,  sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic  (躁狂者).
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hanmann report that these young men have been lengthy sleepers since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concemed when sometimes they didn't have their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to remember their dreams much better than the  " short sleepers".      Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, quiet, nervous, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves ( particularly in social situations) . Several openly stated that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
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B．"long sleepers" sleep a longer period of time during the day
C．many "long sleepers" preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
D．many " short sleepers" have to reduce their nightly sleep time because of busy work
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A．sleep is a good way to escape from the reality
B．sleep is not so important as their daily activities
C．sleep affects their judgment on some important things
D．sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
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C．a(chǎn)re full of energy even under the pressures of life
D．often pay little attention to the consequences of inadequate sleep
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A．a(chǎn)ppear disturbedB．become energetic
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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It is easy to find organic mulch materials. Cut-up leaves and small pieces of tree bark can be used. Grass cuttings are also a good mulch for plants. Mulch from news- papers works well in controlling weeds.
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A．what mulch is and its advantages
B．the best time to add mulch
C．the bad effects of mulch
D．what can be mulch on the soil surface
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A．tree barksB．plasticC．grass cuttingsD．cut-up leaves
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B．improve the ability of the soil to hold water
C．provide a good environment for earthworms
D．improve the growth of roots and increase the movement of water through the soil
小題4: From the last paragraph, we know ______.
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B．the best time to add mulch is after the coldest weather arrives
C．the best time to add mulch is exactly the same time of each year
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Everyone may all have the experience of feeling anxious and stressed when having a rough day or having some troubles. Different people may choose different ways to deal with it, and for most people a break for a 10-minute walk may be quite useful.
Anyway, here is another way around: to get a piece of chewing gum, and chew it. According to a Swinburne University of Technology study, gum-chewing has been found to “relieve anxiety, improve alertness(機敏性) and reduce stress among individuals in a laboratory setting.”
Some may argue that a laboratory is not the same as an office. But check out the conditions of the study: individuals were monitored while performing “a group of ‘multi-tasking’ activities.” Doesn’t it sound like the situation in the office?
Here’s a summary of some of the study’s findings:
Gum chewers showed a reduction in anxiety as compared to non-gum chewers by nearly 17 percent during mild stress and nearly 10 percent in appropriate stress.
Gum chewers showed improvement in alertness over non-gum chewers by nearly 19 percent during mild stress and 8 percent in moderate stress.
Improved Performance: Chewing gum resulted in a big improvement in overall performance on multi-tasking activities.
Although these aren’t major improvements, every little bit works and chewing a piece of gum is a lot quicker and easier than slipping outside for a 10-minute walk. So, how does gum work this magic? In part it does so by lowering the level of cortisol(皮質(zhì)醇)—a steroid(類固醇) hormone that is released in response to stress in your system.
A few words of advice before you reach for the gum: don’t crack your gum, and be sure to chew it with your mouth closed. In fact, I’d say keep the gum out of meetings, because it really looks impolite to others around you.
小題1:From the study in the text we know that_________________.
A．gum chewers may lack alertness
B．gum chewers tend to be less stressed
C．gum chewers can finish many jobs perfectly
D．gum chewers can reduce their anxiety and anger easily
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A．It works by improving alertness.
B．It works by allowing a 10-minute walk.
C．It works by reducing one’s level of cortisol.
D．It works by being chewed in a laboratory setting.
小題3:Which one may the author probably agree with?
A．People should chew gum with their mouths closed in a meeting.
B．It is impolite to chew gum in a meeting with people around you.
C．People can crack gum freely when meeting friends.
D．People should be careful when chewing gum at home.
小題4:What does the text mainly talk about?
A．How to chew gum.B．How to relieve stress.
C．Why people love chewing gum.D．Chewing gum can relieve stress.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Most students try to learn English grammar using grammar textbooks. They study grammar rules and take grammar tests. They use an analytical（分析的） approach, attempting to memorize, and then apply, a great number of rules.
However, research has proved this method inefficient and ineffective. The truth is, the human brain simply cannot consciously remember process and use hundreds of or thousands of grammar rules. Real speech is too fast.
Native speakers do not learn grammar in this way, but rather intuitively (憑直覺地) and unconsciously. They learn in a complete way, not by attempting to memorize individual grammar rules. As a result, native speakers use correct grammar fluently and easily.
Fortunately, it is possible for English learners to learn grammar this way. Language teacher Blaine Ray has developed a unique "intuitive" approach to teach English grammar. Her system uses "point of view" stories to teach the patterns of English grammar, allowing students unconsciously to acquire correct grammar without ever studying grammar rules.
In this system, the teacher first tells a simple story from one point of view. It may be told about the past, then repeated, but beginning with "since he was a child"; then repeated again, but this time about the future.
Listening to these stories allows students intuitively and effortlessly to learn English grammar and makes them be able to use it correctly when they speak.
Point of View Stories is a creative new way to study English grammar, and offers hope to millions of frustrated English learners.
小題1:Which of the following ways is approved by the author?
A．Remembering grammar rules.
B．Taking grammar tests.
C．Analyzing grammatical structure.
D．Applying language to situations.
小題2: What does the underlined part "this way" in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A．Talking to native speakers when learning.
B．Learning English grammar in a complete way.
C．Using correct English grammar.
D．Learning English grammar from a teacher.
小題3:From this passage we learn that ______.
A．native speakers learn English grammar by listening to stories
B．Blaine Ray’s method gets students to grasp correct grammar unconsciously
C．Blaine Ray teaches grammar rules by asking students to tell stories
D．it’s hard for students to speak correct English in the new system
小題4:This passage wants to ______.
A．criticize the traditional way of learning grammar
B．introduce a new way to study English grammar
C．a(chǎn)sk students to learn English grammar by listening to stories
D．tell us how the native speakers learn English grammar
小題5:Why shouldn’t the English learners use an analytical approach?
A．because the analytical approach can let them learn English grammar effortlessly
B．because the analytical approach makes them be able to use English correctly when they speak.
C．because the analytical approach can’t let them memorize and then apply a great number of rules.
D．because Real speech is too fast.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The World's Largest Insect .This giant insect can be used as a toy.
A child ties one end of a string to a stick and the other end around the "neck" of an insect. Holding the stick, the child lets the insect go. With a loud whirring sound, the insect takes off, pulling the string in a large curve over the child's head. The child laughs as the stick jumps around. The child is African, and the toy is the African Goliath beetle, the largest insect in the world.
The Goliath is a true insect because it has six legs and a body that is divided into three parts. Like all beetles, it has two pairs of wings. The front pair are thick and stiff and protect the back pair, which are soft. It is these soft back wings that make the beetle fly forward. They also cause the loud whirring sound the beetle makes when it flies. To steer, the beetle twists and turns its legs the same way you steer a bike by turning its front wheel.
African children often use the Goliath beetle as a toy. Although it is over 15 centimeters long, it is quite harmless.
小題1: The African Goliath beetle is _______. 
A．the world's largest insect
B．a(chǎn) toy used in many parts of the world
C．the only insect found in Africa
D．the world's smallest insect
小題2:What do African children often use the Goliath beetle as?
A．a(chǎn) tool.B．a(chǎn) toy. C．harmfull insects.D．Good animals.
小題3:We know the Goliath beetle is a true insect because it _______. 
A．makes a whirring sound when it flies B．has both soft and hard wings
C．has six legs and a body with three parts D．can fly
小題4:When flying, the Goliath steers by_______. 
A．turning its soft back wings
B．twisting and turning its hard front wings
C．twisting and turning its legs
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Does your child struggle in school? Is he or she afraid of reading out loud, writing an essay, or working out a math problem? While every kid has trouble with homework from time to time, if a certain area of learning keeps going wrong, it might show a learning disorder. Learning disorders, or learning disabilities, are a general term for a wide variety of learning problems.
A learning disability is not a problem with IQ or motivation (動機). Kids with learning disabilities aren’t lazy or slow. In fact, most are just as smart as everyone else. Their brains are just wired (裝電線) differently. Simply put, children and adults with learning disabilities see, hear, and understand things differently. This difference affects how they receive and process (處理) information. This can lead to trouble in learning new information and skills, and putting them to use.
It can be tough to face the possibility that your child has a learning disorder. No parents want to see their children suffer. You may wonder what it could mean for your child’s future, or worry about how your kid will make it through school. But the important thing to remember is that most kids with learning disabilities are just as smart as everyone else. They just need to be taught in ways that suit their unique learning styles.
It’s not always easy to tell whether a child has learning disabilities, for learning disabilities look very different from one child to another. One child may struggle with reading and spelling, while another loves books but can’t understand math. Still another child may have difficulty understanding what others are saying or communicating loud. However, some warning signs are more common than others at different ages. If you’re aware of what they are, you’ll be able to catch a learning disorder early and quickly and take steps to help your child as quickly as possible.
小題1:From the passage, we can infer that_______.
A．students with learning disabilities look quite different from normal students
B．students with learning disabilities can’t do well in their studies
C．only few students with learning disabilities are as clever as normal students
D．it is quite possible for a students with learning disabilities to succeed in their studies
小題2:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Learning about learning disabilities.
B．How to prevent learning disabilities.
C．Ways to identify learning disabilities.
D．Different learning disabilities.
小題3:What will be most probably discussed following the Paragraph 4?
A．Some ways which help parents teach their children with learning disabilities better.
B．Some suggestions on how to get along with their children with learning disabilities.
C．Some parents may have difficulties in helping their children with learning disabilities.
D．Some warning signs which show that a child may have learning disabilities.

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