16．Sports is not only physically challenging，but it can also mentally challenging．Criticism（批評）from coaches（trainers），parents，and other teammates，as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes．Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological，and research has showed that it can lead to burnout．Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable．
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself．The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place．Young athletes can，for example，learn how to cooperate with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives．Coaches and parents should be aware（realize），at all times，that their feedback（反饋）to youngsters can greatly affect their children．Youngsters may take their parents'and coaches'criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷） in themselves．
Coaches and parents should also be cautious（careful） that youth sport participation does not become work for children．The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sort and other life lessons．In today's youth sport setting，young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport．Following a game，many parents and coaches focus on（pay more attention to） the outcome and find fault with youngsters'performances．Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome．Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism．Again，criticism can create high levels of stress（pressure），which can lead to burnout．
45．According to the passage sport is positive for young people in thatD
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D．it can provide them with valuable experiences
46．According to the passage parents and coaches shouldC
A．help children to win every game
B．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
D．train children to deal with stress
47． The author's purpose in writing the passage isB
A．to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B．to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C．to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragement
D．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout．
分析 本文講述的是體育活動不僅是對體魄的挑戰(zhàn)也是對心里的挑戰(zhàn)．批評是沒有用的，
解答 45．D文章第二段中The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place．此句表示體育活動能為年輕人提供極其有價值的一生都有用的人生經(jīng)歷．故體育對年輕人的積極作用就在于D．
46．C作者在第三段The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sort and other life lessons；Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome指出參與體育運動不是孩子的工作或任務(wù)，重在參與．比賽結(jié)果并不重要，更重要的是通過參與增加人生閱歷．所以作者建議教練及父母應(yīng)鼓勵孩子積極參與"注意讓孩子從體育活動中獲得樂趣"．故選C．
47．B作者寫該文目的是告訴人們批評會給孩子造成各方面負(fù)擔(dān)和壓力，積極鼓勵才會對孩子的成長有益．故"強調(diào)積極鼓勵對孩子成長的重要性"切題．故選B．
點評 本文是一個新聞報道類閱讀理解，題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．
