20．假如你是李華，于11月12日到達(dá)紐約，然后去找你的美國(guó)朋友Tom，但他不在家．請(qǐng)按以下內(nèi)容給Tom留張便條．
火車晚點(diǎn)15分鐘，與接你的Tom錯(cuò)過(guò)；
在火車上認(rèn)識(shí)的定居美國(guó)的華人夫婦Taylor把你帶到Tom家，Tom不在；
現(xiàn)在Taylor夫婦家；
務(wù)必今晚打電話給你64611128．
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右
      2．不要逐字翻譯，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫；
      3．信的開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)．
Dear Tom，
I'm in New York!___________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua．

分析 本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于提綱類寫(xiě)作．提綱類的寫(xiě)作是比較容易的文體，題目中給出一些要點(diǎn)，根據(jù)這些要點(diǎn)完成寫(xiě)作．對(duì)于這類文體應(yīng)有尤其注意審題．首先要審要求．書(shū)面表達(dá)試題一般都由"情景"和"要求"兩部分構(gòu)成．"情景"中包括所寫(xiě)材料的目的、對(duì)象、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容等，一般在書(shū)面表達(dá)題的前半部分；而"要求"一般在書(shū)面表達(dá)的后半部分，以"注意"形式給出，實(shí)際上是對(duì)考生提出的要求．因而考生對(duì)于題目所提供的說(shuō)明，應(yīng)認(rèn)真分析、反復(fù)推敲，搞清提出的內(nèi)容要求，抓住所要表達(dá)的信息點(diǎn)．接下來(lái)就要審文體：高考書(shū)面表達(dá)的體裁一般有三大類：記敘文、說(shuō)明文和應(yīng)用文，具體形式有便條，日記，通知，書(shū)信，人物、事情、情景故事的描寫(xiě)，看圖說(shuō)話，縮寫(xiě)，擴(kuò)寫(xiě)，改寫(xiě)等，而此題明顯屬于便條類寫(xiě)作．再次要審人稱：審查書(shū)面表達(dá)題干中隱含的讀者對(duì)象和撰寫(xiě)人，即搞清楚此篇文章是"由誰(shuí)寫(xiě)給誰(shuí)"的．寫(xiě)稿人是誰(shuí)一般都已明確指出，給出形式假設(shè)環(huán)境中的"某人"，如"假設(shè)你是李華"，寫(xiě)作時(shí)即用第一人稱"我"，即李華．最后審時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)情景判斷短文需要的主體時(shí)態(tài)，即搞清楚要寫(xiě)的是什么時(shí)候的事．此題目中要點(diǎn)給出來(lái)的并不多，需要考生自行組織，自由發(fā)揮，需要寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)給出，但是寫(xiě)作時(shí)不要僅僅對(duì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行生硬的翻譯，而是要添加些內(nèi)容，使文章看起來(lái)更充實(shí)，要組成一篇通順連貫的短文．需要注意緊扣文章主題，給出的要點(diǎn)都需要包括，缺一不可．同時(shí)在寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注意使用高級(jí)的詞匯與高級(jí)的句型，不要遺漏任何的要點(diǎn)，同時(shí)要使用合適的連接詞來(lái)連接整個(gè)文章，使文章更有條理性．
【亮點(diǎn)說(shuō)明】本文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，層次分明，使用了很多地道的英語(yǔ)句型，如It's really a pity that I didn't find you at the railway station．You may have left when my train arrived a quarter behind the schedule．這兩個(gè)是形式主語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的用法．It cannot be better if you can call me at my phone number 64611128 this evening．這句話中，cannot be better的用法也很巧妙．

解答 Dear Tom，
I'm in New York!It's really a pity that I didn't find you at the railway station．You may have left when my train arrived a quarter behind the schedule．（高分句式一）
Luckily，on the train I came across Mr．Taylor and his wife，who are Chinese and have been living in the US for several years．（高分句式二）Seeing that there was no one to meet me at the station，they offered to drive me to your house．
As you happen to be out，I've decided to accept the Taylors'offer to stay at their house for the night．（高分句式三  as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）I've decided to put up here for the night．They are very friendly to me，so don't worry about me．I'll be all right．It cannot be better if you can call me at my phone number 64611128 this evening．（高分句式四）
Looking forward to meeting you soon．
Yours，
Li Hua

點(diǎn)評(píng) 寫(xiě)作中一些技巧：
1、審題：審題是做到切題的第一步．所謂審題就是要看清題意，確定文章的中心思想、主題，并圍繞中心思想組織材料．
2、進(jìn)行構(gòu)思，列出簡(jiǎn)單的提綱，打造文章之骨架：審好題、立好意后，就要寫(xiě)提綱，打造文章的骨架．文章布局要做好幾件事：安排好層次段落，鋪設(shè)好過(guò)渡，處理好開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾．
3、擴(kuò)展成文：根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)多少擴(kuò)展成篇．?dāng)U展的內(nèi)容一定要緊扣主題，千萬(wàn)不要寫(xiě)那些與主題不相關(guān)的內(nèi)容．展開(kāi)的方式包括：順序法、舉例法、比較法、對(duì)比法、說(shuō)明法、因果法、推導(dǎo)法、歸納法和下定義等．可以根據(jù)需要任選一種或幾種方式．

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