Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class. Young people from working class backgrounds are by studies with a clear job profile側(cè)面，半面，外形，輪廓and high income, prestige and studies with a strong identity interest young people of parents with university degrees when choosing which studies to . This is what researchers from the University of Copenhagen in a new study. Students who have chosen to study medicine, architecture, economy and sociology often come from homes where the parents have higher education, whereas business studies and pharmacy often young people with a working class background. This is by a research team from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University in a new study.
“There is a between the studies chosen by young Danes and their background. Even for the young people who have very good grades in their A-level exams, and who could successfully admission to a large variety of studies, the parents’ of education and social class play an important role in their choice,” says Education Sociologist Jens Peter Thomsen, who is one of the researchers behind the study.
The study “The Educational Strategies of Danish University Students from Professional and Working-Class Backgrounds” is 60 interviews with Danish students from six different university level study programmes: Medicine, architecture, sociology, economy, pharmacy and business studies.
The young people bring with them the they get from their families. If you grow up in a home with parents who are doctors or architects with a strong professional , it is an obvious choice to follow the path as your parents when you grow up.
“For young people whose parents are university educated, such as fame and mastery of expert knowledge are important. They are by an educational culture in which you are a diligent student, and where leisure activities are to the identity that lies within your studies. These young people have also grown up with discussions around the dinner table which also prepare them for their lives as students,” says Jens Peter Thomsen.
He also added, “Young people who come from a working class background, and have good grades have to the full range of opportunities they have. But the effort to reach this goal must start early”.
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【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】A
【小題4】C
【小題5】D
【小題6】D
【小題7】B
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【小題9】C
【小題10】D
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【小題12】B
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【小題15】D
【小題16】C
【小題17】D
【小題18】A
【小題19】B
【小題20】C
解析試題分析： 文章介紹哥本哈根大學(xué)的一項新的調(diào)查結(jié)果:雖然丹麥的教育是平等的，但是對于如何選擇學(xué)業(yè)，年輕人還是受到父母的教育水平和社會地位影響。
【小題1】考查動詞辨析：A. monitored監(jiān)控，B. motivated激發(fā)，C. motioned打手勢，向某人點頭或搖頭示意，D. multiplied成倍增加，繁殖，來自工人階級家庭的學(xué)生被有清晰的工作的學(xué)業(yè)吸引，選B
【小題2】考查連詞辨析：A. while然而，B. although雖然，C. when 當(dāng)…時候，D. if如果，這里是和有大學(xué)學(xué)位的父母的孩子相比，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，選A
【小題3】考查動詞辨析： A. pursue追求，繼續(xù)，B. engage從事，使從事（某種事業(yè)等），吸引或引起，C. involve涉及，D. conduct實施，指揮，但是在選擇繼續(xù)哪個學(xué)業(yè)的時候，聲譽和牢固的地位對有著大學(xué)學(xué)位的父母的年輕人來說更感興趣，選A
【小題4】考查動詞辨析： A. calculate計算，B. suspect懷疑，C. conclude總結(jié)，D. achieve達到，這是來自哥本哈根大學(xué)的研究人員得出的結(jié)論，選C
【小題5】考查動詞辨析：A. required要求，B. confirmed證實，C. refused拒絕，D. completed完成，選擇醫(yī)學(xué)，建筑，經(jīng)濟，社會學(xué)的孩子的父母是完成的高等教育的，選D
【小題6】考查動詞短語辨析： A. subscribes to同意，訂閱，B. caters to喜歡，C. sticks to堅持，D. appeals to吸引，商業(yè)的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)常吸引來自工人階級的家庭的學(xué)生，選D
【小題7】考查動詞辨析： A. inquired詢問，B. proved 證明，C. extended 延伸，D. acquired獲得，這被Copenhagen 和Aalborg大學(xué)的研究團隊在一項新的研究中證實了，選B
【小題8】考查名詞詞義辨析：A. connection 聯(lián)系，B. comparison對比，C. difference不同，D. contradiction矛盾，否認(rèn)，反駁，在年輕的丹麥人中選擇的學(xué)業(yè)和社會背景之間有著聯(lián)系，選A
【小題9】考查形容詞辨析：A. educational教育的，B. political 政治的，C. social社會的，D. professional專業(yè)的，從第一段的句子：Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class.可知是選C
【小題10】考查動詞詞義辨析：A. balance平衡，B. develop發(fā)展，C. identify 識別，D. seek尋求，甚至對一些在A水平測試中獲得很好的成績的學(xué)生，他們可以成功的獲得各種學(xué)業(yè)的錄取，選D
【小題11】考查名詞詞義辨析：A. situation形勢，B. judgment判斷，C. level水平，D. preference偏愛，父母的教育水平和社會地位在他們的選擇中起著重要的作用，選C
【小題12】考查動詞辨析：A. connected with 和…有聯(lián)系，B. based on基于，C. committed to承諾，D. combined with和…結(jié)合，這項研究是以對60個丹麥學(xué)生做的采訪得出的，選B
【小題13】考查名詞詞義辨析：A. resources資源，B. experiences經(jīng)歷，C. finance 財政，D. memory記憶，這些年輕人具備他們家庭的資源，選A
【小題14】考查名詞詞義辨析：A. degree學(xué)位，B. identity 身份，C. success成功，D. responsibility責(zé)任，當(dāng)你出生在一個父母有著牢固的專業(yè)身份的家庭，選B
【小題15】考查形容詞辨析：A. perfect完美的，B. usual不尋常的，C. common普通的，常見的，D. same同樣的，當(dāng)你長大的時候，選擇和父母相同的道路是很明顯的選擇，選D
【小題16】考查名詞詞義辨析：A. changes改變，B. problems問題，C. factors 因素，D. characters性格，對于父母受過大學(xué)教育的年輕人來說，名聲和掌握專業(yè)知識的因素是很重要的，選C
【小題17】考查動詞辨析：A. disturbed打擾，B. moved感動，C. puzzled 困惑，D. attracted 吸引，他們被你是個聰明的學(xué)生的教育文化吸引，選D
【小題18】考查動詞辨析：A. tied拴住，系緊，B. accustomed 習(xí)慣，C. transferred轉(zhuǎn)移，D. copied復(fù)制，休閑活動也和你專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)方面的內(nèi)容有關(guān)，be tied to“和…有關(guān)”，選A
【小題19】考查形容詞辨析：A. practical實用的，B. topical關(guān)時事的，時下關(guān)注的，C. physical 身體的，物理的，D. medical醫(yī)學(xué)的，他們隨著在餐桌上談?wù)摰挠嘘P(guān)時事的話題一起成長，選B
【小題20】考查動詞短語辨析：A. take charge of負(fù)責(zé)，B. take control of控制，C. take advantage of利用，D. take care of照顧，來自工人階層，學(xué)習(xí)好的學(xué)生不得不利用他們所有的各種機會，選C
考點：考查教育類短文
閱讀快車系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完型填空
Twist was the name of an old champion racing horse. He was past thirty years old, but the heart of the true 36 still beat with the great spirit. However, I knew little about the 37 that the old horse’s spirit would have on my daughter.
My daughter Stacy had ever had a 38 experience with a runaway horse. She was just eight at the time, and a terrifying 39 accompanied the disaster. Although she broke no bones, her 40 , love for horses and the desire to learn to ride were 41 . No matter how my wife and I tried, we had no 42 in curing the damage caused that day. But when she was thirteen, a turning point came. One day as I saw Stacy look into the eye of the 43 fellow in the stall(牲口棚), I knew this was going to be the beginning of a 44 relationship.
Fortunately, Stacy’s accident had not weakened her love for 45 in general, and this small opening was all that Twist needed to create an unusual bond(紐帶). In the following weeks, Stacy began to express daily 46 in coming to the stall with me. She 47 spent time with him, feeding, brushing and combing him, all the 48 talking to him about her life.
Then one day 49 I was readying one horse for a ride, I noticed the old guy’s 50 expression and desire to be included, too. So I asked Stacy if she wanted to take Twist out for a ride. In 51 , Stacy looked once again into the old man’s eye. That moment, their two spirits 52 and completed the bond that had been forming over a couple of months. Continuing to look deep into his eyes, Stacy didn’t 53 . She only nodded yes. Moments later, I saw them riding 54 together, Stacy winning renewed confidence and desire, and Twist winning his medal of a child’s 55 .
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完型填空
I break off a piece of candy and take pleasure in its sweet outside and the bitter, dark chocolate inside, thinking of my own life. Being raised by a single parent was a bitter-sweet 36 , which gave me motivation and ambition.
There were several years that have left a(n) 37 bitter taste in my mouth —those when my mother married a man and moved my sister, Emily, and me several states away from our hometown. The first few months were 38 : baseball games, family trips to the mall, dinners and movies together. Then things changed. Baseball became too expensive, and trips to the mall were 39 by days Emily and I spent isolated (孤立的) in our rooms under our stepfather’s 40 . Moreover, screaming matches between him and our mother always 41 dinner. We spent five years living in a family that had 42 a war zone. Emily and I almost grew used to this situation . Then one evening, after another argument had erupted , we left home. I was 14, my sister 11, and we were 43 .A friend of my mother let us stay with her.
Instead of focusing on our economic instability, my mother selflessly pushed me to struggle for success. She wanted me to lead a more 44 life than hers. She worked long hours every night to pay her bills. 45 , she would find time to read and play with Emily and me. Mom taught me the 46 of perseverance (堅持不懈) and education. We finally settled in Texas. And now, writing this essay with my favorite candy close at hand, I realize my family and I are at the best points of our lives. I haven’t let the trying times stop me from making 47 , both academically and personally. I know that a bitter environment can provide good learning experiences, and that success, even more than candy, is the sweetest treat of all.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完型填空
If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a____reason，such as your job or your studies？__2__perhaps you’re interested in the____，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a____of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of____，but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的)start for many people.They____an environment where you can practice under the ____ of someone who’s good at the language.We all lead ____ lives and learning a language takes____.You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a____.It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes____.
Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“I’m too____，” they say.Yes，children do learn languages more ___ than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any____.And learning is good for the health of your brain，too.I’ve also heard people____ about the mistakes they make when____.Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes ____you’re much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never ___.But with some work and devotion，you’ll make progress.And you’ll be ____by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ___ own language.Good luck！ (2013·安徽)
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| A．theory | B．business |
| C．routine | D．project |
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| A．worry | B．hesitate |
| C．think | D．quarrel |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完型填空
Teenagers at one German school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside other traditional 35 such as maths and languages.
The class sits in a circle with their eyes shut and they count from one to ten: someone starts, the 36 voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side.
The aim of the game is to 37 for an opportunity to shout out the 38 without clashing (相撞) with another voice or leaving a pause. On the first try, 39 of the young Germans try to be first, while a few are too shy to join in. But by the fifth 40 , they develop a rhythm (節(jié)奏) . The message gives other people space but also claims your own. This is a requirement for social well-being.
Unlike schools in other nations, German schools do not usually have school sports teams or seek to build school spirit. Many teens admit they are 41 and confused, but school is not usually the place to find relief.
The Willy Hellpach School in Heidelberg is the first in the nation to develop a happiness 42 It is 43 for 17-19years old students to prepare for university entrance exams. "The course isn't there to make you happy," Ernst Fritz-Schubert, the school principal, warned pupils, " 44 rather to help you discover the ways to become happy. "
Cooking a meal together will be one of the class 45 , along with improving body language under the 46 of two professional actresses.
The course is taught for three periods a week. Despite the happy subject, the pupils themselves insist it is no laughing matter.
"In the first period, we had to each say something 47 about another member of the class and about ourselves. No laughing at people or teasing," said Fanny, 17.
The message is that self-esteem (自尊) improves 48 too.
Research by the school shows it is not the first to start happiness classes and they also exist at some US universities, but are mainly based on positive thinking, using 49 from studies of depression.
"That would be too one-sided for us. We want to show how decent (好的) food or exercise can help too," the principal said.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完型填空
There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the _ _ it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can _ _ people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films __ __ doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to exercise. It decreases blood pressure, the heart beat and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the time was the groups which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish( 減少 ) both stress and pain.
As a of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by __ them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects to those caused by laughter.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完型填空
The new science of spending comes to a surprising conclusion .How we use our money may as much or more than how much we’ve got it.
Money spent on experiences , rather than material goods, more happiness.
Imagine that you wake up tomorrow morning to $1 million under your bed .What would you do that cash?
The money will probably make you think about one thing all else---- yourself. A large amount of research reveals that money our selfish sides. We will much on what that money can do for us alone. Perhaps you are imagining buying a faster car, or even a new house.
But studies show that goods often fail to deliver happiness. Fortunately ,our ongoing research many ways to get more happiness from every dollar you spend .Changing how you spend money can increase your happiness.
But making these needs to challenge some of our ideas of spending. It’s hard not to buying a house as a wise investment. But research shows it brings very little happiness. A study in the United States found that homeowners , on average ,were no happier than .
So, working hard to save money for a house might not be such a good idea it means spending less time with your families and friends.
And dozens of studies show that people get more happiness from buying than material things. Experimental purchases—such as trips ,concerts and special meals –are more connected to our sense of self.
And experiences come with one more . They tend to bring us to other people , but more often, material things are enjoyed .So social contacts are important to mental and physical health.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
You and your friends are settling into your seats. The new Spider-Man movie is about to start and you’ve got the snacks: soda and popcorn. Food is part of what makes the movies fun.
Just as the lights go out, you catch a slight smell of … tuna fish?! You turn your head, searching for the source. Then you spot him: A couple rows back, some guy is enjoying a tuna fish sandwich. How’d he get that in here? You wonder. Then you remember how much you paid for your snacks.
What invites the unwelcome outside food is probably the price. Why pay $ 5 for a bag of M&Ms when you can get them for a dollar at the corner store?
Earlier this year, a Michigan man decided to fight for his right to snack. Joshua Thompson is using his local theater after it banned outside food. He argues the ban breaks a Michigan law that prevents businesses from charging extremely high prices. However, most legal experts believe Thompson has little chance of winning his case, though he does have a point: 85 cents out of a dollar of treats a movie theater sells is pure profit(純利).
The truth is that movie theaters are more in the snack business than the movie business. A huge part of the ticket income goes to the Hollywood studio. This makes sense, since the studios have to pay the costs of movie production and advertising. But that often doesn’t leave much cash for the theater, which also has its own running costs. If customers stopped buying food, owners would have to raise ticket prices even higher.
Of course, there’s another reason to think twice before bringing food into the movies: It’s against the rules. Breaking those rules can have unpleasant consequences too. Some theaters will kick you out if they catch you. Even without the threat of punishment, we should follow rules all the time------out of respect.
Here’s a good idea: Eat before the movie.
【小題1】What is the topic of the text?
| A．The pleasure of enjoying snacks. |
| B．A Michigan man’s fight for his right. |
| C．Movie theaters’ ban on outside food. |
| D．Bad manners in movie theaters. |
| A．He broke a Michigan law. |
| B．He is likely to lose the case. |
| C．He thinks cinema tickets are too expensive. |
| D．He was forbidden to have snacks at the theaters. |
| A．how movie studios work with movie theaters |
| B．how movie theaters reduce their operating costs |
| C．why Hollywood studios must pay high costs |
| D．why snack sales are important to movie theaters |
| A．It is unacceptable. | B．It is convenient. |
| C．It is great fun. | D．It is lawful.. |
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