Advertisement is the difficult business of bringing information to great numbers of people.The purpose of an advertisement is to make people respond to make them react to an idea，such as helping prevent forest fires，or to make them want to buy a certain product or service.At the beginning of the 20th century，advertisement was described as“salesmanship in print”.If this definition were expanded to include radio and television，it would still stand today.The most effective way to sell something is through person-to-person contact.But the cost of person-to-person selling is high because it takes a great deal of time，and it increases the cost of the product or service.Advertising distributes the selling message to many people at one time.The first printed advertisement in the English language appeared in 1278，more than a century before Shakespeare’s first play was produced.This early advertisement was the work of William Caxton，England’s first printer，who used it to advertise religious books from his own workshop Caxton posted small printed notices along London’s main streets.Besides advertising his product，he identified his shop with a red-striped shield(盾形徽章)so that customers could find it easily.
This same sort of simple informational advertising is still used.Examples are the roadside signs that tell travelers that they can buy fresh corn just down the road or that there is a restaurant in the next town.
The Industrial Revolution，in the 18th and 19th centuries，brought a new kind of advertising.Large factories took the place of small workshops and goods were produced in large quantities.
Manufacturers used the newly built railroads to distribute(遞送)their products over wide areas.They had to find many thousands of customers in order to stay in business.They couldn’t simply tell people where shoes or cloth or tea could be bought---they had to learn how to make people want to buy a specific product. Thus modern advertising was born.
Advertising created new markets and helped to raise standards of living as people came to feel that they had a right to new and better products.

  1. 1.

    The passage mainly talks about       .

    1. A.
      the development of advertisement
    2. B.
      the first advertisement in the world
    3. C.
      the difficulty in advertising
    4. D.
      the advantages of advertisements
  2. 2.

    Why is advertisement accepted by people?

    1. A.
      Because it can help to prevent forest fires.
    2. B.
      Because it cand make people want to buy a certain product or service.
    3. C.
      Because it can bring information to great numbers of people.
    4. D.
      Because it can help people live longer.
  3. 3.

    Modern advertisement was born as a result of         .

    1. A.
      the Industrial Revolution
    2. B.
      the newly built railroads
    3. C.
      the appearance of the first printer advertisement
    4. D.
      people’s need
  4. 4.

    We can conclude from the passage that         .

    1. A.
      red-striped shield is the best thing to use in advertising
    2. B.
      main streets and television are used in advertising
    3. C.
      person-to-person selling is the best way in advertising
    4. D.
      people show little interest in advertisement
ACAB
1.通讀全文，主要講述了廣告業(yè)的發(fā)展史。
2.從文章最后一句可知，廣告使人們獲取了大量信息，人們可有選擇地購買商品或接受服務(wù)，從而生活水平得以提高。
3.從文章第三段可知，由于工業(yè)革命的發(fā)展帶來新型的廣告業(yè)，即現(xiàn)代廣告。
4.從文章中可知，red-striped shied是首次做廣告時(shí)用的東西，不是最佳方式，而B項(xiàng)才是現(xiàn)代發(fā)布廣告的途徑，通過街道或電視做廣告省錢高效。
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

ROME: The legend of Leonardo da Vinci is covered in mystery: How did he die? Are the remains buried in a French castle really those of the master? Was the "Mona Lisa" a self-portrait in disguise (偽裝)?
A group of Italian scientists believe the key to solving those puzzles lies with the remains, and they say they are seeking permission to dig up the body to conduct carbon and DNA testing.
If the skull is undamaged, the scientists can go to the heart of a question that has fascinated scholars and the public for centuries: the identity of the "Mona Lisa." Recreating a virtual and then physical reconstruction of Leonardo's face, they can compare it with the smiling face in the painting.
"We don't know what we'll find if the tomb is opened. We could even just find grains and dust," says Giorgio Gruppioni, an anthropologist who is participating in the project. "But if the remains are well kept, they are a biological record of events in a person's life, and sometimes in their death." Silvano Vinceti, the leader of the group, said that he plans to press his case with the French officials in charge of the said burial site at Amboise Castle early next week.
Leonardo moved to France at the invitation of King Francis I, who named him "first painter to the king." He spent the last three years of his life there, and died in 1519 at age 67. The artist's original burial place, the palace church of Saint Florentine, was destroyed during the French Revolution and remains that are believed to be his were eventually reburied in the Saint-Hubert Chapel near the castle.
"The Amboise tomb is a symbolic tomb; it's a big question mark," said Alessandro Vezzosi, the director of a museum dedicated to Leonardo in his hometown of Vinci. Vezzosi said that investigating the tomb could help identify the artist's bones with certainty and solve other questions, such as the cause of his death. He said he asked to open the tomb in 2004 to study the remains, but the Amboise Castle turned him down.
The group of 100 experts involved in the project, called the National Committee for Historical and Artistic Heritage, was created in 2003 with the aim of "solving the great mysteries of the past," said Vinceti, who has written books on art and literature.
Arguably the world's most famous painting, the "Mona Lisa" hangs in the Louvre in Paris, where it drew some 8.5 million visitors last year. Mystery has surrounded the identity of the painting's subject for centuries, with opinions ranging from the wife of a Florentine merchant to Leonardo's own mother.
That Leonardo intended the "Mona Lisa" as a self-portrait in disguise is a possibility that has interested and divided scholars. Theories have existed: Some think that Leonardo's taste for tricks and riddles might have led him to hide his own identity behind that puzzling smile; others have guessed that the painting hid an androgynous lover.
If granted access to the grave site, the Italian experts plan to use a tiny camera and radar to confirm the presence of bones. The scientists would then exhume (挖掘) the remains and attempt to date the bones with carbon testing.
At the heart of the proposed study is the effort to discover whether the remains are actually Leonardo's, including with DNA testing.
Vezzosi questions the DNA comparison, saying he is unaware of any direct descendants (后代) of Leonardo or of tombs that could be attributed with certainty to the artist's close relatives.
Gruppioni said that DNA from the bones could also eventually be compared to DNA found elsewhere. For example, Leonardo is thought to have rubbed colors on the canvas with his thumb, possibly using saliva (唾液), meaning DNA might be found on his paintings.
Even in the absence of DNA testing, other tests could provide useful information, including whether the bones belonged to a man or a woman, and whether the person died young or old.
Even within the committee, experts are divided over the identity of the "Mona Lisa."
Vinceti believes that a tradition of considering the self-portrait to be not just a faithful imitation of one's features but a representation of one's spiritual identity may have resonated (共鳴) with Leonardo.
Vezzosi, the museum director, dismissed as "baseless and senseless" the idea that the "Mona Lisa" could be a self-portrait of Leonardo. He said most researchers believe the woman may have been either a wife of the artist's sponsor, the Florentine nobleman Giuliano de Medici, or Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a rich silk merchant, Francesco del Giocondo. The traditional view is that the name "Mona Lisa" comes from the silk merchant's wife, as well as its Italian name: "La Gioconda."  

  1. 1.

    Why does the author ask a couple of questions in the beginning?

    1. A.
      To arouse the interest of readers
    2. B.
      To puzzle Italian scientists
    3. C.
      To answer the questions himself
    4. D.
      To make fun of French officials
  2. 2.

    The best title of this story might be “_____”

    1. A.
      What Is the Purpose of an Investigation?
    2. B.
      How Did Leonardo da Vinci Die in France?
    3. C.
      Are the Remains Really Those of the Master?
    4. D.
      Did Leonardo Paint Himself as 'Mona Lisa'?
  3. 3.

    The sentence “he plans to press his case with the French officials” (underlined in Paragraph 4) suggests that Vinceti intends to _____

    1. A.
      press the French officials to participate in their project
    2. B.
      urge the French officials to open the tomb early next week
    3. C.
      persuade the French officials to allow opening the tomb
    4. D.
      record events in a person’s life with the French officials
  4. 4.

    Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

    1. A.
      Scholars have the same opinion on DNA testing
    2. B.
      Scientists doubt if the remains are those of da Vinci
    3. C.
      The identity of “Mona Lisa” has already been proved
    4. D.
      Alessandro Vezzosi got permission to open the tomb
  5. 5.

    We can infer from the last two paragraphs that _____?

    1. A.
      “Mona Lisa” is the name of the wife of a silk merchant
    2. B.
      the “Mona Lisa” is a self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci
    3. C.
      experts divided the committee into several groups
    4. D.
      opinions differ of the identity of the “Mona Lisa”

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年湖南懷化三中高一上期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：其他題

Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.

The radio club in our school is run 1. the students. Two years ago, I asked the headmaster 2. music could be played during the break time. He approved 3. idea. Our club is much 4. than just music, we tell students the weather, recent news, 5. some messages. During the exam time we tell the students what 6. should do for preparation. When parents come, we play songs sung by students and inform them 7. events, such 8. outings and school plays．

Our English teacher Mr. Owen started the literary club“Poets of the Next Generation”. Group members meet to talk about the poems and poets 9. we like. I am lucky as I am 10. of them.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年湖北黃石第三中學(xué)高一上期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：書面表達(dá)

作文：假設(shè)你叫李華，是第三中學(xué)的學(xué)生，要給市長寫封信，反映學(xué)校門前交通擁擠的現(xiàn)象，包括以下要點(diǎn)：（詞數(shù)為120左右）。參考詞匯：天橋overpass

問題

建議

1．學(xué)校和一所小學(xué)毗鄰，對(duì)著主干道，高峰期交通繁忙；

2．孩子年齡小，需要家長接送，交通更擁擠；

3．學(xué)生過街時(shí)在車輛中穿行很危險(xiǎn)。

政府應(yīng)采取措施，如修過街天橋等。

 

 

 

 

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年湖北長陽縣第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高二上期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

A new word has suddenly become wildly popular in China - "tuhao" - which loosely translated means "nouveau riche". There have been more than 100 million references to the word "tuhao" on social media since early September.

It's being used to describe everything from the new People's Daily building, to expensive celebrity weddings full of bling, and the new gold-coloured iPhone.

In Chinese "tu" means earth and "hao" means rich. To say someone is tuhao is to imply they come from a poor peasant background, and have made it rich quick - but don't quite have the manners, or sophistication to go along with it. It's like the term "nouveau riche", says Professor Steve Tsang at the School of Contemporary Chinese Studies in Nottingham - but has even more negative meanings, suggesting a certain vulgarity(粗俗).

"Tuhao" is actually an old word - dating back perhaps as far as the Southern Dynasty 1,500 years ago - but it has always meant something rather different. During the communist revolution, from the 1920s to early 1950s, it was widely used to refer to landholders and gentry who would bully（欺負(fù)） those beneath them.

This new usage of the term took off in September after a widely-shared joke about a rich, but unhappy man, who goes to a Buddhist monk for advice, expecting to be told to live a more simple life. The monk replies instead with the phrase: "Tuhao, let's be friends!"

Chinese internet users are highly creative in their use of language, and are constantly inventing, and re-inventing words as a way of getting past censorship(審查) rules. But in this case, its popularity seems to be down to the fact that it expresses China's changing society so well - many people sneer at those with wealth, but are secretly jealous.

1. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Tuhao, a new popular word in China

B. The long history of Tuhao

C. The new usage of Tuhao

D. Tuhao, a newly-invented Chinese word

2. Which of the following may NOT be considered “tuhao”?

A. A vulgar nouveau riche

B. A bully landholder

C. A quick-rich peasant without proper manners

D. A Buddhist monk.

3. The last but one paragraph mainly tells us ______.

A. what the new usage of the word is

B. how the word becomes popular again

C. why the unhappy man went to the Buddhist monk

D. what advice the monk gave the unhappy man

4. What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean?

A. respect B. envy

C. laugh D. disbelieve

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

People in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother’s Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day, on the third Sunday in June.
Mother’s Day was proclaimed宣告 a day for national observance by President Woodrow Wilson in 1915. Ann Jarvis from Grafton, West Virginia, had started the idea to have a day to honor mothers. She was the one who chose the second Sunday in May and also began the custom of wearing a carnation康乃馨.
In 1909, Mrs. Dodd from Spokane, Washington, thought of the idea of a day to honor fathers. She wanted to honor her own father, William Smart. After her mother died, he had the responsibility of raising a family of five sons and a daughter. In 1910，the first Father’s Day was observed in Spokane. Senator Margaret Chase Smith helped to established Father’s Day as a national commemorative紀(jì)念的 day in 1972.
These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care.
These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother. A white one shows that the mother is dead.Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery. On these days families get together at home, as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, which of the following about the second Sunday in May is not true ?

    1. A.
      It is a day to show love to mothers
    2. B.
      It is a day to wear carnations
    3. C.
      It is a day for people to visit the cemetery
    4. D.
      It is a day for many people to attend religious services
  2. 2.

    Choose the right time order of the following events.
    a. The first Father’s Day was observed
    b. Mother’s Day was proclaimed a day for national observance
    c. Father’s Day became a day for national observance.
    d. The idea of honoring fathers was bought up

    1. A.
      a b c d
    2. B.
      d a b c
    3. C.
      b a c d
    4. D.
      d a c b
  3. 3.

    Who plays the most important role in Father’s Day becoming a national commemorative day?

    1. A.
      Mrs. Do
    2. B.
      Margaret Chase Smith
    3. C.
      Ann Jarvis
    4. D.
      Woodrow Wilson
  4. 4.

    From the passage, we know in the U.S ________________.

    1. A.
      one should wear a red carnation if one’s mother pass away
    2. B.
      on Mother’s Day, families often go out to have barbecues
    3. C.
      on Father’s Day, people often stay at home to celebrate the special day.
    4. D.
      The purpose to have these two special days is to show love to parents
  5. 5.

    The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to __________

    1. A.
      call on people to love and respect their parents.
    2. B.
      introduce Mother’s Day and Father’s Day.
    3. C.
      tell the difference between Mother’s Day and Father’s Day
    4. D.
      show how important fathers and mothers are

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

The use of the word imitation（模仿） reminds me that we ought to make some more comments on the risk of people imitating what they see on the screen in the way of crime（犯罪） or violence.First there was always a risk of children acting out scenes which could be dangerous.For example,I remember a woman who was head of a middle school telling me that she had happened to look out of her window when the children were on the playground and had seen them putting a small boy on a chair with a rope round his neck and the rope over the branch of a tree;fortunately she was in time to get there before the child was hanged.I remember a film in particular in which the hero who was imprisoned had escaped by electrocuting（通電觸死） his guard,the technique of doing this being shown in detail.This was the kind of scene which we could cut for these reasons.
In films for young people and adults we always tried to keep off the screen the details of criminal techniques,such as how to open a locked door with a piece of hard plastic or how to open a safe;if we were consulted（請(qǐng)教） before production,I used to advise that the details should not be shown.When I gave talks in prisons about film checking I had full support for this,since fathers who were in prison for criminal offences did not want their children to get on crime.
Every time I gave a talk in a prison someone used to mention the French film Rififi.made by Jules Dassin in 1954.This remarkable film showed in great detail a robbery of a jeweller’s shop,the robbery lasting about half an hour and being backed by only natural sound...one of the most brilliant film sequences（連續(xù)鏡頭） of all time.I remember our discussion at the time.We thought that the robbery was finished only with the use of advanced and obviously expensive equipment and that only the most experienced and skilled criminals could possibly imitate it;we believed therefore that it was relatively safe.When talking in prisons some years later I learned that there had been several robberies in which the techniques had been copied,so perhaps we were wrong.

  1. 1.

    The writer thinks that______.

    1. A.
      the details of the criminal technique should be kept
    2. B.
      the details of the crime should not be shown on the screen
    3. C.
      children should not imitate what they see on the screen
    4. D.
      it is dangerous to imitate what they see on the screen
  2. 2.

    What is the writer’s attitude（態(tài)度） towards the film in which the hero had escaped by electrocuting the guard?

    1. A.
      The writer likes it very much.
    2. B.
      The writer is strongly against it.
    3. C.
      The writer thinks the film has some value.
    4. D.
      The writer does not show his/her attitude.
  3. 3.

    All the following statements about“Rififi”are true EXCEPT______.

    1. A.
      that the robbery shown needs experience and skills
    2. B.
      that some very good tools were used in the robbery
    3. C.
      that the film showed the technique in detail
    4. D.
      that the technique of the robbery was not imitated
  4. 4.

    It can be inferred from the passage that______.

    1. A.
      it is hard for children to tell the differences between real life and the imaginary
    2. B.
      only people in prison support film checking
    3. C.
      only children imitate what they have seen on the screen
    4. D.
      the writer used to advise the details of crime should be shown

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Some of the world’s most famous persons had suffered from a similar disability, such as Albert Einstein, the mathematician; Thomas Edison, the inventor; Auguste Rodin, the artist. What disabled these three famous men? Strange as it may seem, they all suffered from learning disabilities. They had great difficulty learning to read, write or use numbers. Almost always, there is a problem with one of the mental processes needed to understand or use written signs or spoken language. Yet he or she is unable to recognize difference in sizes, shapes or sounds that are easy for others to recognize. Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.
Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things. There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.
You can not look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward （外部的） signs of disorder （混亂）. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong. In one study, researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells normally are white. In the learning-disabled person’s brain, however, these cells were gray . The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.

  1. 1.

    How can we learn whether a person has suffered from a learning disability or not?

    1. A.
      By judging whether she or he sees or hears perfectly well.
    2. B.
      By checking whether he or she is of normal or great intelligence.
    3. C.
      By judging whether he or she is the world’s most famous person or not.
    4. D.
      By judging whether he or she has any difficulty in recognizing the difference in sizes, shapes or sounds.
  2. 2.

    Which of the following statements is TRUE?

    1. A.
      Among the children suffering from learning disabilities, girls are fewer than boys.
    2. B.
      It is reported that many more girls have learning disabilities than boys.
    3. C.
      All the world’s most famous persons have the chance to get the similar disorder. 
    4. D.
      All the world’s most famous persons have suffered from learning disabilities.
  3. 3.

    Why did researchers examine the brain of a learning-disabled person who had died in an accident?

    1. A.
      To try to look at the brain itself to find out the cause of learning disabilities.
    2. B.
      To see if the person had any outward signs of disorder.
    3. C.
      To check if the person is of normal or great intelligence.
    4. D.
      To find out if the person suffered from a learning disability.
  4. 4.

    If someone has a learning disability, _______.

    1. A.
      his or her nerve cells are in a line
    2. B.
      he or she is able to recognize difference in sizes, shapes or sounds
    3. C.
      he or she has no difficulty in learning to read, write or use numbers
    4. D.
      his or her nerve cells in the left side of the brain are gray and are not in a line

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk（收縮）. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communication’s equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic(國內(nèi)的) business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive(行政的) ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superior will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more common.
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate(候選人) the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients(客戶) over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.

  1. 1.

    What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?

    1. A.
      Critical.                  
    2. B.
      Indifferent.              
    3. C.
      Negative.                
    4. D.
      Positive.
  2. 2.

    With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, business people_________.

    1. A.
      have to get familiar with modern technology
    2. B.
      are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
    3. C.
      are placing more importance on their overseas business
    4. D.
      are eager to work overseas
  3. 3.

    In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind” (Para. 3) probably means _________.

    1. A.
      being unable to think properly for lack of insight
    2. B.
      being totally out of touch with business at home
    3. C.
      missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
    4. D.
      leaving all care and worry behind
  4. 4.

    According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?

    1. A.
      Connections with businesses overseas.    
    2. B.
      Ability to speak the client’s language.
    3. C.
      Technical know-how.                                  
    4. D.
      Business experience.

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