For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say that's exactly what it does.
In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin(褪黑素), a chemical that helps us sleep.
However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroom—even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone—could disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes.
“This is particularly worrisome in populations such as young adults and adolescents, who already tend to be night_owls，” said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.“Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, self­harm, low concentration and poor performance at school，” she added.
While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking it's still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on melatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph.
Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light.
【小題1】According to the passage, we can know ________.

A．it's a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into night
B．scientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPads
C．darkness makes a great impact on the amount of melatonin
D．the sun was the only source of light in ancient times
【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The darker it is, the more melatonin will be produced.
B．The lighter it is, the more melatonin will be produced.
C．The more melatonin you have, the worse you'll sleep.
D．The more electrical equipment you have, the more melatonin will be produced.
【小題3】The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to those ________.
A．who are young adults or adolescents
B．who don't perform well in school
C．who are addicted to a television or laptop
D．who are short of sleep at night and perform poorly in daily life
【小題4】In the writer's opinion, which is a correct suggestion?
A．You should go to bed when the sun goes down.
B．You should use an orange or red light electronic screen.
C．You should wear a pair of blue sunglasses when sleeping.
D．You should avoid blue light as possible as you can before bedtime.


【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】D

解析

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

I am a writer.I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke(喚起)an emotion，a visual image，a complex idea，or a simple truth.Language_is_the_tool_of_my_trade.And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with.

Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California，I've been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks.Like others，I have described it to people as “broken” English.But I feel embarrassed to say that.It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than“broken”，as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed，as if it lacked a certain wholeness.I've heard other terms used，“l(fā)imited English”， for example.But they seem just as bad，as if everything is limited，including people's perceptions(認(rèn)識(shí))of the limited English speaker.
I know this for a fact，because when I was growing up, my mother's “l(fā)imited” English limited my perception of her.I was ashamed of her English.I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say.That is，because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me：the fact that people in department stores，at banks，and at restaurants did not take her seriously，did not give her good service，pretended not to understand her，or even acted as if they did not hear her.
I started writing fiction in 1985.And for reasons I won't get into today，I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with：the English she used with me，which for lack of a better term might be described as“broken”：and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese，her internal(內(nèi)在的)language，and for that I sought to preserve the essence，but neither an English nor a Chinese structure.I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show：her intention，her feelings，the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.
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【小題3】The author gradually realizes her mother's English is ________.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

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Reseachers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately juage 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person’s shoes．“Shoes convey useful information about their wearers，’’the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality．
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

No one knows why we sleep, but it’s certain that we need to. People who are prevented from sleeping begin to suffer obvious effects after a few days—they think less clearly, and they fall asleep during the working hours; some may have hallucinations(幻覺(jué)).?
There are no rules about sleep. Generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night and probably more than 60 per cent get between seven and eight hours. But perhaps eight per cent are quite happy with 5 hours or less, and four per cent or so find that they want ten hours or more. If you feel all right, you’re probably getting enough sleep. The important thing is not to worry how much other people get—their needs may be different. Exercise doesn’t seem to increase the need for sleep—office workers, for example, sleep for about as long as people doing physically active work.?
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers(夢(mèng)游者). People have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, write music, walk through windows, and do murder in their sleep.
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At the University of Lowa, a student was reported to have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night and walking three-quarters of a mile to the Lowa River. He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.
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【小題1】Generally speaking, sleepwalkers are people who __________.

A．do fantastic things during their sleep
B．walk through windows
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【小題2】It was reported that a boy ________.
A．was found on a strange sofa, telling how he had got there
B．lost his way five hours after he left home
C．slept in his own room but woke up in a strange room
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B．Scientists take no interest in it.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Stay-at home careers are the preferred way to earn a living for those who like to set their own hours and be their own boss, mothers of young children, and those who like to avoid office politics. There are plenty of opportunities to earn from home. Even if you earn little first, the quality of life should make up for the loss of income. Take a look at the following choices for home-birds:
Online tutoring—You can earn anything from Rs 8,000 to 30,000 a month if you are a qualified teacher with computer and communication skills. The subjects in demand these days are math, English, physics, chemistry and biology. You can either teach part-time (4 hours) or full-time (9 hours).
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Online-traders—Earn a lot of money by share trading. Just clear the NCFM (Capital Market) exam and you can start trading. You can bring in Rs 10,000 to 1000,000 per month.
Designers—If you have the creative skills and a creative gift, try becoming a designer. Designers are required in different fields. One can earn nearly Rs 8,000 to 20,000 per month.
【小題1】According to the passage, those who likes stay-at-home careers ________.

A．perhaps can’t earn as much as those working in an office
B．needn’t do anything at home and earns a lot
C．can’t be mothers who have children to look after
D．a(chǎn)re often worried about office politics
【小題2】 If you want to be an online-trader, you will have to ________.
A．be more than 18 years old
B．pass a kind of exam
C．have good writing skills
D．have creative skills and a creative gift
【小題3】The passage is written mainly to ________.
A．sell products to readers
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C．give some advice to readers
D．get help from readers

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