【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects 【1】 she describes as “vital data, to save life and property.”

When winds pick up, 【2】(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and 【3】(she) flight team spring into action.

They use instruments called dropsondes, which 【4】(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000-foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and 【5】(direct) of the wind.

On an eight-hour flight, Martin’s team 【6】(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm 【7】 the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, 【8】 there’s no wind, and also search for the strongest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for what’s coming. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft 【9】 (gather) data closer to the ocean's surface.

Though these flights can be long, 【10】(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.

【答案】

【1】what

【2】spinning

【3】her

【4】are set

【5】direction

【6】typically

【7】to

【8】where

【9】to gather

【10】tiring

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章講述了Cathy Martin 以及她的團(tuán)隊是如何收集數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測颶風(fēng)的。

【1】考查連接詞。句意：每年有六個月的時間，她是一個團(tuán)隊的成員，這個團(tuán)隊收集她所說的“重要數(shù)據(jù)，以拯救生命和財產(chǎn)”。本句為賓語從句，因為從句中缺少賓語，指代事物，故填what。

【2】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)風(fēng)力增強(qiáng)，向加勒比海和美國海岸線旋轉(zhuǎn)時，馬丁和她的飛行團(tuán)隊立即行動起來。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動詞且句中沒有連詞，故spin只能作非謂語動詞與邏輯主語wind是主動關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填spinning。

【3】考查物主代詞。修飾名詞flight team使用形容詞性物主代詞，故填her。

【4】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：他們使用一種叫做下投式探空儀的儀器，這種儀器從飛機(jī)后部的管子中釋放出來。主語是dropsondes與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合上下文使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故填are set。

【5】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)探空儀降落在10000英尺的海面上時，它會發(fā)出有關(guān)空氣溫度、壓力、濕度以及風(fēng)速和風(fēng)向的信息。根據(jù)上文名詞并列結(jié)構(gòu)the speed and可知，應(yīng)填名詞，故填direction。

【6】考查副詞。句意：在8小時的飛行中，馬丁的團(tuán)隊從風(fēng)暴的一邊飛到另一邊時，通常會放下15到20個探空儀，試圖覆蓋盡可能多的地面。修飾動詞drop應(yīng)用副詞，故填typically。

【7】考查介詞。固定短語from…to…“從……到……”，故填介詞to。

【8】考查定語從句連接詞。句意：他們前往風(fēng)暴中心(或風(fēng)眼)，那里沒有風(fēng)，也尋找最強(qiáng)的風(fēng)，幫助沿海地區(qū)的人們?yōu)榧磳⒌絹淼娘L(fēng)暴做好準(zhǔn)備。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞center，且在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。

【9】考查非謂語動詞。句意：有時，他們會使用無人駕駛飛機(jī)收集更接近海洋表面的數(shù)據(jù)。本句為不定式to do作目的狀語，故填to gather。

【10】考查形容詞。句意：雖然這些飛行時間很長，也很累，而且常常會持續(xù)好幾天，但馬丁喜歡她的工作，希望她能每天都飛。根據(jù)上文系動詞be可知，應(yīng)填形容詞作表語，修飾物，故填tiring。

定語從句的關(guān)系詞的選擇可考慮以下三點(diǎn)：

(1)一看先行詞的意義，即分清先行詞是指人、指物、時間、地點(diǎn)還是原因(如指物時不能用who或whom，指人時通常不用which等)

(2)二看關(guān)系詞的句法功能，即分清關(guān)系詞是擔(dān)任什么句子成分，是作主語還是賓語、是作定語還是狀語等(如作定語通常用whose，有時也用which；作狀語要用when, where, why)

(3)三看定語從句的種類，即分清是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句(如that和why通常不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)

如第八小題，句意：他們前往風(fēng)暴中心(或風(fēng)眼)，那里沒有風(fēng)，也尋找最強(qiáng)的風(fēng)，幫助沿海地區(qū)的人們?yōu)榧磳⒌絹淼娘L(fēng)暴做好準(zhǔn)備。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞center，且在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。

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