9.Going soy is the way to go green
In 1829,U.S.farmers grew soybeans (大豆) for the first time.In the late 1800s,lots of farmers began to grow soybeans as food for cattle.In 1904,at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama,George Washington Carver began studying the soybean.His discoveries changed the way people thought about the soybean.No longer was it just a crop for cattle; it provided valuable protein and oil.Now soybean oil is the most popular source for an alternative fuel.
Fueling diesel (柴油) engines with vegetable oil started with the inventor Rudolf Diesel.When Diesel showed his engine at the 1900World Exhibition in Paris,it was running only on peanut oil,a kind of biodiesel.According to the United Soybean Board,biodiesel is a fuel made from vegetable oils or animal fats.
However,over the next 100years,diesel fuel was made largely from petroleum (石油).Interest was renewed in biodiesel in the mid-1970s when the energy shortage occurred,and gas prices surged upward throughout the United States.In spite of these conditions,commercial production did not take place until much later.In 1999,The National Biodiesel Board reported that 500,000gallons per day were produced.In 2000,production increased to 6.7million gallons per day.
With the continual rising costs of petroleum products in the new century,major corporations and the United States government have looked to new markets.Farmers are encouraged to grow soybeans in their fields,as the demand for soybean fuel increases.They can now get several gallons of fuel per acre of soybean.
Biodiesel is created by removing a thick liquid called glycerin from soybean oil.It is registered with the US Environmental Protection Agency as a pure fuel,which is known as B100,or as a fuel additive,which is called B20,a mixture of 20percent soy and 80percent petroleum-based diesel.
There are many benefits of soybean fuel.
Studies have shown that biodiesel from vegetable oil reduces petroleum consumption when used in place of petroleum diesel.
In addition,the use of biodiesel reduces CO2in the earth's atmosphere.This is due to the fact that growing soybeans consumes nearly four times as much CO2as the amount of CO2produced from biodiesel waste gases.
If you ever want to take a ride in a car or bus powered by soybeans,you can.The Agriculture Research Center (ARS ) National Visitor Center bus,which is used for Beltsville,Maryland farm tours,is running on biodiesel fuel.
ARS scientists are conducting biodiesel fuel research,and they are trying to find ways to make fuel from vegetable oils,animal fats,and used restaurant oils.
Biodiesel fuel costs more than regular diesel fuel.However,the price may drop if people use it more.We can look to the future with the hope that clean fuel sources will continue to be widespread in the United States and even around the world.

分析 本文主要講述了生物柴油在一定程度上替代了石油制成的柴油.

解答 71.grown   72.changed/turned/made 73.invented   74.produced   75.encouragement  
76.removed   77.diesel    78.less    79.cheaper   80.widely
71. grown  由"In the late 1800s,lots of farmers began to grow soybeans as food for cattle"可知農(nóng)民種植大豆來作為牲畜的食物,故正確答案為 grown.
72.changed/turned/made 由"Now soybean oil is the most popular source for an alternative fuel"可知大豆被用來煉油,changed/turned/made均 符合題意.
73.invented  由"However,over the next 100 years,diesel fuel was made largely from petroleum"可知柴油被發(fā)明之后并未被迅速地廣泛使用,故正確答案為 invented. 
74.produced  由"In 1999,The National Biodiesel Board reported that 500,000 gallons per day were produced"可知直到20世紀(jì)末期,柴油才被大量生產(chǎn).故正確答案為 produced.
75.encouragement  由第四段"Farmers are encouraged to grow soybeans in their fields"可知此時政府鼓勵農(nóng)民種植大豆.此處 with 后應(yīng)加名詞,故 encouragement 符合題意.
76.removed  由"Biodiesel is created by removing a thick liquid called glycerin from soybean oil"可知柴油是大豆油過濾掉甘油后得到的,故正確答案為  removed.
77.diesel 由"Studies have shown that biodiesel from vegetable oil reduces petroleum consumption…"可知,生物柴油在一定程度上替代了石油制成的柴油,replacement of diesel 與此表意一致,故正確答案為 diesel.
78.less 由"the use of biodiesel reduces CO2 in the earth's atmosphere"可知生物柴油的使用減少了大氣中二氧化碳的含量,故正確答案為 less.
79.cheaper 由最后一段"However,the price may drop if people use it more"可知,如果人們更多地使用生物柴油,它的成本可以下降很多,cheaper 符合題意.
80.widely 由文末"…clean fuel sources will continue to be widespread in the United States and even around the world"可知清潔能源有望被廣泛利用,widely 符合題意.

點(diǎn)評 本文是健康環(huán)保類閱讀理解.該題要求在理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上填空,聯(lián)系上下文上下句,推斷部分空格的答案.最重要的是理解文意.

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