I learned all about taking responsibility from my mother’s tough love. My mom had a wonderful way of helping you        up and realize that your life is going to be what you make it.
She had this circular way of      you took responsibility for your decisions and the person you would      . She would say,“ It' s your      .”      “What you want and what you get are sometimes two       different things.” And then, “No one ever said life was fair.” And she would      these comments together in such a way that you could never      an argument, and yet, the      was that you realized your life is going to be what you make it.
So I might go to my mom and say, “I’d like to      football”. And she would say, “Well, it's your life. If you want to go out there and get      and hurt and break your knees and limp around the rest of your life, that' s fine.” That is      I would say, “Well, you know, that won’t       . I' m really fast.” And she would reply, “Well, we don’t really have the money.” And then I would     , “Yes but that' s not fair.” And she would reply, “ Well, life isn’t      .” Then I would say, “But I’ve been itching to." And she would reply, “Yes, but what you want and what you get are usually two entirely different things.”
It was the combination of these       that allowed my mother to lead me down the right path under her      but let me feel as if I was making the decisions      my own. The sum total of that    was, in the end, you’re      for the life you lead. That' s the best advice I’ve ever gotten.
小題1:
A．light B．openC．growD．keep
小題2:
A．promising B．ensuringC．ignoringD．noticing
小題3:
A．protectB．envyC．refuseD．become
小題4:
A．faultB．lifeC．progressD．turn
小題5:
A．ThenB．ButC．NowD．However
小題6:
A．increasinglyB．a(chǎn)pproximatelyC．completelyD．occasionally
小題7:
A．combineB．remindC．a(chǎn)nswerD．publish
小題8:
A．loseB．doubtC．winD．raise
小題9:
A．beliefB．reasonC．mistakeD．result
小題10:
A．quitB．playC．buyD．watch
小題11:
A．beaten upB．dressed upC．dividedD．closed up
小題12:
A．whatB．howC．whenD．which
小題13:
A．failB．workC．lastD．happen
小題14:
A．takeB．goC．makeD．catch
小題15:
A．fairB．cosyC．hardD．special
小題16:
A．commentsB．descriptionsC．techniquesD．messages
小題17:
A．temperB．influenceC．a(chǎn)ctivityD．success
小題18:
A．forB．onC．over D．beyond
小題19:
A．mindB．a(chǎn)ccountC．dealD．a(chǎn)dvice
小題20:
A．famousB．responsibleC．sorryD．thankful

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:D
小題4:B
小題5:A
小題6:C
小題7:A
小題8:C
小題9:D
小題10:B
小題11:A
小題12:C
小題13:D
小題14:B
小題15:A
小題16:A
小題17:B
小題18:B
小題19:D
小題20:B　　

試題分析：文章介紹了媽媽獨特的教育風格，她不會直接讓孩子怎么做，而是通過迂回的方法，讓孩子自己決定該怎么做，告訴孩子人生是不公平的，每個人要對自己的生活負責。
小題1:考查動詞辨析：A. light點燃，發(fā)光，發(fā)亮，B. open開，C. grow成長，D. keep保持，從下文的：that your life is going to be what you make it.可知媽媽有很好的辦法可以幫助你成長，選C
小題2:考查動詞辨析：A. promising許諾，B. ensuring確保，C. ignoring忽視，D. noticing注意，她用迂回的辦法可以確保你對決定和你要變成的人負責，選B
小題3:考查動詞辨析：A. protect保護，B. envy嫉妒，C. refuse拒絕，D. become變成，她用迂回的辦法可以確保你對決定和你要變成的人負責，選D
小題4:考查名詞辨析：A. fault過失，B. life生活，C. progress 進展，D. turn順序，她會說：“這就是你的生活”，選B
小題5:考查詞義辨析：A. Then那時，那兒，其次，這兒B. But但是，C. Now現(xiàn)在，D. However然而，下面是媽媽要說另一個觀點，用then“其次”，選A
小題6:考查副詞辨析：A. increasingly日益增加的，B. approximately大約的，C. completely完全地，D. occasionally偶爾地，從下文的：but what you want and what you get are usually two entirely different things.”可知你想要的，和你要得到的是兩個完全不同的東西，C
小題7:考查動詞辨析：A. combine結(jié)合，B. remind提醒，C. answer回答，D. publish出版，她會將這些話結(jié)合在一起，選A
小題8:考查動詞辨析：A. lose失去，B. doubt懷疑，C. win贏得，D. raise飼養(yǎng)，提高，她會用一種方式，你永遠不可能贏得一次爭論，選C
小題9:考查名詞辨析：A. belief信念，B. reason   原因，C. mistake錯誤，D. result結(jié)果，結(jié)果是你會意識到你的生活就是你會做到什么。選D
小題10:考查動詞辨析：A. quit放棄，B. play玩，C. buy買D. watch觀看，play football踢足球，選B
小題11:考查動詞辨析：A. beaten up痛毆，毒打B. dressed up打扮，C. divided分配，D. closed up關閉，從下午文的：hurt and break your knees可知去踢足球會被打，選A
小題12:考查疑問詞辨析：A. what什么，B. how 怎樣，C. when什么時候，D. which哪個，這時我會說:….，選C
小題13:考查動詞辨析：A. fail失敗，B. work工作，C. last持續(xù)，D. happen發(fā)生，從下文的：I' m really fast.”可知作者認為這不會發(fā)生的，選D
小題14:考查動詞辨析：A. take拿，B. go去，C. make制作，D. catch捕捉，抓，然后我會繼續(xù)說，選B
小題15:考查形容詞辨析：A. fair公平的，B. cosy舒服的，C. hard   困難的，D. special特殊的，從上文的：“Yes but that' s not fair.”可知媽媽會說：“人生就是不公平的”，選A
小題16:考查名詞辨析：A. comments評論，B. descriptions描述，C. techniques技術，D. messages信息，從上文的：And she would  17  these comments together in such a way that you could never  18  an argument,可知這就是她結(jié)合起來的評論，選A
小題17:考查名詞辨析：A. temper脾氣，B. influence影響，C. activity活動，D. success成功，讓我在她的影響下朝著正確的道路走，選B
小題18:考查介詞辨析：A. for為了，B. on在…上面，C. over越過，在…上面，D. beyond超過，讓我感覺我是在自己做決定，選B
小題19:考查名詞辨析：A. mind思維，B. account賬戶，描述，C. deal交易，D. advice建議，從下文的句子：That' s the best advice I’ve ever gotten.可知最后建議總的來說是你要對你過的生活負責，選D
小題20:考查形容詞辨析：A. famous著名，  B. responsible負責，C. sorry對不起，D. thankful感謝，最后建議總的來說是你要對你過的生活負責，選B
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A．scholarship B．degreeC．jobD．entertainment
小題2:
A．managerB．strangerC．guestD．foreigner
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A．weatherB．languageC．directionD．culture
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"Previous research has shown that paying people more than they expect may elicit reciprocity(相互作用) in the form of greater productivity," notes Deepak Malhotra, a Harvard business-administration professor who worked on the study. What he and his colleagues found, however, was that the connection between more pay and extra effort depends on presenting the increase "as a gift—that is, as something you've chosen to do purely as a nice gesture, with no strings attached."
Malhotra and his team studied 267 people hired by oDesk, a global online network of freelancers, to do a one-time data-entry project for four hours. All of the new hires were people in developing countries, for whom hourly wages of $3 and $4 were higher than what they had been making in previous jobs.
The researchers split the group up into three equal parts. One group was told they would earn $3 an hour. A second group was initially hired at $3 an hour but, before they started working, they got a surprise: The budget for the project had expanded unexpectedly, they were told, and they would now be paid $4 an hour. The third group was offered $4 an hour from the start and given no increase.
Even though the second and third groups were eventually paid the same amount, the second group worked harder and produced more—about 20% more—than either of the other two. People in the second group also showed the most stamina, maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours. Interestingly, the more experienced employees in the high-performing group were the most productive of all, apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, Malhotra points out that higher pay, in and of itself, didn't promote productivity: People who made $4 an hour from the beginning worked no harder than those who were hired at $3 and were then paid $3.
To get the most impact from their pay plans, he adds, companies might consider not only what to pay new hires, but when to pay it.
"The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase]," he says. Doling out extra money could promote productivity most "if you make it clear that the pay raise is something you're choosing to do just because you can. Our theory is that people will reciprocate. If you do something nice, they'll do something nice back."   
小題1:Which of the following is true about the research?
A．None of the participants earned more than $4 an hour in previous jobs.
B．89 of the participants got a $1 wage raise for their high productivity.
C．It was so important that the budget for it was increased in the process.
D．Stamina shown in it was positively related to the amount of money paid.
小題2:What does the underlined word “stamina” most probably mean?
A．The quality of being intelligent or clever.
B．The quality of doing something difficult or dangerous.
C．The physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time.
D．A particular method of doing an activity, usually involving practical skills.
小題3:Why did the second group produce more than the other two groups?
A．Because they thought they were better paid than the other groups.
B．Because they were experienced employees from developing countries.
C．Because an unexpected raise reminded them of their previous work.
D．Because they felt they were nicely treated and tried best to repay it.
小題4:What can we infer from this passage?
A．No pains, no gains.
B．It matters not what we give but how.
C．Honesty is the best policy.
D．Actions speak louder than words.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

During the last fifteen years of my mother's life she suffered with Alzheimer's disease (老年癡呆). Until then she had been a bright, cheerful woman deeply interested and involved in the world around her. I would go home to visit her in Virginia and she would look at me in a puzzled way and ask, “Who are you?”  I would answer, “I'm your son.”  “Where do you live?”  She would ask. “In California”, I would tell her. “Isn't that interesting,” she would say, “I have a son in California.”
She seemed simply forgetful and confused at the beginning of the disease, but later on she would go through periods of intense anxiety. She would pace through the house she had lived in most of her life crying uneasily that she wanted to go home. Or she would leave home and wander away if she were unattended for a short time.   
Hoping to please her and put her mind at ease I would take her for a drive, visiting sites where she had lived as a child. In the yard of the hillside house in Shipman I sat in the car and admired the view of the old oaks and long green lawn. I pictured my mother there was a little girl playing with the pet lamb she had been so fond of. I looked to her for some response. She shook her head and said, “I want to go home.”
Over the years I have decided that what my mother was calling home was not a place, but a time. I suspect it was a time when she was much younger, when her children were still underfoot, when her husband was still vigorous and attentive.
Watching my mother's suffering set me wondering where I would have gone in mind if someday I couldn’t find home and wanted to go there. In this family we tend to be long-lived and we grow fuzzy (糊涂的) minded as the years go by. At eighty I have already noticed some alarming symptoms. My doctor says the forgetfulness is only natural and that it comes with age. Still the fear of Alzheimer's is haunting there. Someday if and when I become even more cloudy minded than I am now, unable to drive and unable to tell you where "home" is, my dear son, I expect I will ask you to take me home, I know you will do your best to find the place I need to be. I leave these notes for your guidance.               
小題1:What's the main idea of the first two paragraphs?
A．The author’s mother suffered with serious Alzheimer's disease.
B．The author’s mother forgot who’s his son.
C．The author didn’t know how to cure his mother.
D．The author’s mother couldn’t find her home.
小題2:What is not the symptom of the author’s mother ? 
A．cheerfulB．confusedC．forgetfulD．uneasy
小題3: What’s the meaning of the underlined word “pictured”?
A．photographedB．a(chǎn)ppearedC．describedD．painted
小題4:What can you infer from the third paragraph?
A．The author care much about his mother.
B．The author’s mother was fond of pet lambs.
C．The author saw a little girl playing with a pet lamb.
D．The author’s mother didn’t like her usual home.
小題5:What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Take Mother Home.
B．Everyone will suffer with Alzheimer's disease.
C．A story about a son and a mother.
D．Where Is Home?

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Almost everyone is afraid of something --- snakes, heights, public speaking and so on.
It is normal and can even be helpful to experience fear sometimes. In dangerous situations, fear can keep our bodies alert (警醒的) so that we can act quickly to protect ourselves.
But for some people, fear develops into a “phobia”, which is a strong and unreasonable fear of something. For example, the majority of us feel a little scared when looking down from a tall building. But people with height phobia may have trouble breathing, feel dizzy or turn down a great job just because the company is on the 20th floor.
Phobias can prevent you from living a normal life. “People with spider phobia would stay out of their home or dormitory room for days if they thought a spider was present,” Katherina Hauner, a researcher at Northwestern University, US, told ABC news. This is why scientists have been trying to find a cure for this disease.
Since fear comes from experience --- from what we are told, what we see others experience and what happens to us --- some scientists think if they can “rewrite” these unpleasant memories, they might be able to help people overcome their phobias.
In a study by Hauner and other scientists, participants with spider phobia were asked to first touch a spider with a paintbrush. Seeing that it was not actually dangerous, they then tried touching it while wearing a glove. Finally, they could hold it with their hands.
Certain medicine has also been found to be helpful. Back in 2010, researchers at the University of Hiroshima, Japan, injected (注射) a special medicine into a fish --- who was afraid of light --- to turn off the fear center in its brain. From then on, the fish no longer feared light.
While the search for solutions to phobias is making great progress, it’s an open question whether getting rid of fear is good. Some people want to use these methods to make soldiers fight harder in wars by taking away their sense of fear. Dave Smithson of the charity Anxiety UK thinks that’s a bad idea. “It’s fear that prevents us from doing crazy things,” he says. “There’s a name for people who don’t have fear of consequences: psychopaths (精神變態(tài)者).
小題1:The main point of the article is to ___________.
A．show us what kind of role fear plays in our lives
B．discuss if it is good to try to get rid of fear
C．inform us of fear and phobia
D．discuss scientific studies related to fear
小題2:How does the writer make the meaning of “phobia” clear?
A．By making comparisons.B．By giving examples.
C．By giving data in numbers.D．By giving descriptions.
小題3:Which of the following shows the progress scientists have made in finding solutions to phobia?
A．New medicine can shut off fear centers in animal brains whenever needed.
B．They can use phobias to keep our bodies alert so that we can protect ourselves.
C．They can now reduce the pain which is connected with phobia.
D．They have succeeded in helping some people ignore memories related to phobia.
小題4:Which of the following would Dave Smithson probably agree with?
A．There is nothing to fear except fear itself.
B．We should not let fear affect our decisions.
C．Fear is not a completely bad thing.
D．Without fear, everyone would be brave.

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