11.In agrarian(農(nóng)業(yè)的),pre-industrial Europe,"you'd want to wake up early,start working with the sunrise,have a break to have the largest meal,and then you'd go back to work,"says Ken Albala,a professor of history at the University of the Pacific."Later,at 5or 6,you'd have a smaller supper."
This comfortable cycle,in which the rhythms of the day helped shape the rhythms of the meals,gave rise to the custom of the large midday meal,eaten with the extended family."Meals are the foundation of the family,"says Carole Couniban,a professor at Millersville University in Pennsylvania,"so there was a very important interconnection between eating together and strengthening family ties."
Since industrialization,maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder,with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand.Certainly,there were benefits.Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity,including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available,making us more energetic than our ancestors.
Yet plenty has been lost too,even in cultures that still live to eat.Take Italy.It's no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy,but it was also a joy to prepare and eat.Italians,says Counihan,traditionally began the day with a small meal.The big meal came at around 1p.m.In between the midday meal and a late,smaller dinner came a small snack.Today,when time zones have less and less meaning,there is little tolerance for offices'closing for lunch,and worsening traffic in cities means workers can't make it home and back fast enough anyway.So the formerly small supper after sundown becomes the big meal of the day,the only one at which the family has a chance to get together."The evening meal carries the full burden that used to be spread over two meals,"says Counihan.

24.What does Professor Carole Counihan say about pre-industrial European families eating meals together?B
A.It was helpful to maintaining a nation's tradition.
B.It brought family members closer to each other.
C.It was characteristic of the agrarian culture.
D.It enabled families to save a lot of money.
25.What does"cultural metabolism"(Line 1,Para.3)refer to?D
A.Evolutionary adaptation.
B.Changes in lifestyle.
C.Social progress.
D.Pace of life.
26.What does the author think of the food people eat today?B
A.Its quality is usually guaranteed.
B.It is varied,abundant and nutritious.
C.It is more costly than what our ancestors ate.
D.Its production depends too much on technology.
27.What does the author say about Italians of the old days?A
A.They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.
B.They ate a big dinner late in the evening.
C.They ate three meals regularly every day.
D.They were expert at cooking meals.

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了工業(yè)化前的歐洲家庭一起吃飯使家庭成員更接近對方,現(xiàn)代的食物雖然品種豐富,營養(yǎng)豐富,但人們的節(jié)奏變快了.

解答 24.B.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段a professor at Millersville University in Pennsylvania,"so there was a very important interconnection between eating together and strengthening family ties可知工業(yè)化前的歐洲家庭一起吃飯使家庭成員更接近對方;故選B.
25.D.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)第三段Since industrialization,maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder,with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand工業(yè)化以來,維持這樣一個緩慢的文化新陳代謝已經(jīng)非常困難;可知意為生活的速度;故選D.
26.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第三段Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity,including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available,making us more energetic than our ancestors可知人們吃的食物品種豐富,營養(yǎng)豐富;故選B.
27.A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段Italians,says Counihan,traditionally began the day with a small meal.The big meal came at around 1p.m可知意大利人喜歡做飯,也喜歡吃東西;故選A.

點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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