After an earthquake or any similar disaster, parents and teachers need to help children overcome the effects of this frightening and sometimes devastating （ 毀滅性的） experience. Psychologists （心理學(xué)家）say that if children go through a disturbing event before the age of ten, they are three times as likely to suffer psychological problems as teenagers. After a disaster children may become easily upset, shy, aggressive , or afraid of wind, rain, noises, or darkness. They may have trouble letting go of their parents and resist going to school or daycare. Some children may even feel guilty thinking that they somehow caused the disaster through their bad behavior.  Because of such common reactions, parents and others should begin as soon after the event as possible helping these children. 
Some suggestions include talking to the children about what happened, letting the children express their own feelings, spending extra time with them doing activities together and reassuring （使放心）them that you love them and won't leave them. For some children expressing themselves through drawing pictures or writing can be useful. Do everything possible to help children get back to a normal routine; however, don't be afraid to "spoil" these children for a while after the disaster.  Let them have extra privileges （特權(quán)）and more attention than usual.  Encourage the children to grieve （悲痛）after a loss. It should be OK for them to cry. Caring families and friends can do much to heal children victims of disasters

1. 1.

   This passage is mainly about_______

   1. A.
      how to help traumatized（心理受到創(chuàng)傷的）children to get over
   2. B.
      the bad effects disasters bring to children
   3. C.
      the psychological problems children before ten are likely to suffer
   4. D.
      the importance of caring families
2. 2.

   According to the passage, a child who has just experienced a devastating disaster may become______

   1. A.
      more mature
   2. B.
      less dependent
   3. C.
      willing to help
   4. D.
      ready to attack
3. 3.

   Which is NOT advisable when dealing with the traumatized children?

   1. A.
      Allowing them freedom for some time
   2. B.
      Asking them to hold their feelings
   3. C.
      Encouraging them to show their grief
   4. D.
      Talking them into taking care of others

All around the world, shoppers flock to Wal-Mart to buy everything. In Texas, they come for another reason: to see the wind turbine（渦輪機(jī)）, which supplies 5% of the store’s electricity. It along with other facilities, such as exterior walls coated with heat-reflective paint, makes this Wal-Mart a green giant.
The laws of economics suggest that Wal-Mart, with 5, 200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the price of all kinds of goods. It throws its weight behind environmental responsibility, and the impact could be amazing. “One little change in product packaging could save 1, 500 trees,” says Wal-Mart CEO Lee Scott．“If everybody saves 1, 500 trees or 50 barrels of oil, at the end of the day you have made a huge difference.”
Scott wants Wal-Mart to do its part too. He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse-gas emissions（排放）over the next few years and promised to construct new stores that are more efficient. He wants Wal-Mart’s fleet of more than 7, 000 trucks to get twice as many miles per gallon by 2015. Factories that show Wal-Mart they’re cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain. Wal-Mart says it’s working with consumer-product manufacturers to reduce their packaging and will reward them if they do so.
Some people may doubt it is a bid to attract attention from Wal-Mart’s controversial labor and health-insurance practices. But it’s not just window dressing, because Wal-Mart sees profits in                                                                                          going green. Scott says, “This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy. We don’t go where we don’t think there’s a great interest in change.”
Like Bill Gates, who started his charitable foundation, Scott happens to be promoting Wal-Mart’s image at a time when his company’s reputation is declining. He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield （保護(hù)）Wal-Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming. “By doing what we’re doing today, we avoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not do anything,” he says. “At some point businesses will be held responsible for the action they take.” Meanwhile, should Wal-Mart succeed at shrinking its environmental footprint and lowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company will profit

1. 1.

   We can infer from the passage that ______

   1. A.
      Lee Scott is Wal-Mart’s CEO
   2. B.
      there are 5, 200 stores in the world
   3. C.
      Wal-Mart has a great influence on the world market
   4. D.
      Wal-Mart has more than 7, 000 trucks all over the world
2. 2.

   What does the underlined sentence “This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy.” mean in the fourth paragraph?

   1. A.
      Wal-Mart predicts huge profits in its green activity
   2. B.
      Wal-Mart’s green activity is just window dressing
   3. C.
      Wal-Mart aims to solve its health-insurance practices
   4. D.
      Wal-Mart doesn’t have any social responsibility at all
3. 3.

   What will Wal-Mart probably do in the future?

   1. A.
      Reduce air pollution in its present stores
   2. B.
      Give favorable treatment to its consumers
   3. C.
      Ask the factories to reduce their packaging
   4. D.
      Demand the fleet of trucks to use more fuel than before
4. 4.

   What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

   1. A.
      Provide the background of the green plan
   2. B.
      Stress the purpose of Wal-Mart’s green plan
   3. C.
      Present the risk that Wal-Mart is facing nowadays
   4. D.
      Analyze the similarity between Bill Gates and Scott

How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments-mostly for entertainment purposes-is fair and respectful?
Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals．How ever, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats （棲息地）．Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural bones．
Zoos claim （聲稱） to educate people and save endangered species（物種）, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty．Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species’ name, diet, and natural range（分布區(qū)）．The animals’ normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don’t usually take care of the animals’ natural needs．
The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise．These results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoophobia．A worldwide study of zoos found that zoophobia is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages．Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain．
Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered．Captive breeding（圈養(yǎng)繁殖）of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild．Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out．In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers．Haven’t we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?
Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them．Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats．

1. 1.

   How would the author describe the animals’ life in zoos?

   1. A.
      Dangerous．
   2. B.
      Unhappy．
   3. C.
      Natural．
   4. D.
      Easy．
2. 2.

   In the state of zoophobia, animals _________．

   1. A.
      remain in cages
   2. B.
      behave strangely
   3. C.
      attack other animals
   4. D.
      enjoy moving around
3. 3.

   What does the author try to argue in the passage?

   1. A.
      Zoos are not worth the public support．
   2. B.
      Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals．
   3. C.
      Zoos should treat animals as human beings．
   4. D.
      Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment．
4. 4.

   The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _____．

   1. A.
      pointing out the faults in what zoos do
   2. B.
      using evidence he has collected at zoos
   3. C.
      questioning the way animals is protected
   4. D.
      discussing the advantages of natural habitats
5. 5.

   Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that _______．

   1. A.
      zoos have to keep animals in small cages
   2. B.
      most animals in zoos are endangered species
   3. C.
      some endangered animals are reproduced in zoos
   4. D.
      it’s acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats

1. 1.

   Where can we most probably read this text?

   1. A.
      In a newspaper．
   2. B.
      In a magazine．
   3. C.
      In traveling guide．
   4. D.
      In a history textbook．
2. 2.

   The business hours of Cook's Cottage on Saturday in the summer are _____?

   1. A.
      11:00 am—2:00 pm
   2. B.
      5:00 pm—10:30 pm
   3. C.
      9:00 am—5:30 pm
   4. D.
      9:00 am—5:00 pm．
3. 3.

   The Anchorage Restaurant is ____．

   1. A.
      in Williamstown
   2. B.
      in the center of the city
   3. C.
      in Anchorage
   4. D.
      in Port Philip Bay
4. 4.

   Where can you spend the night in a tour?

   1. A.
      Cook's Cottage．
   2. B.
      Sovereign Hill．
   3. C.
      Sydney Tower．
   4. D.
      Westfield Counterpoint．

Do you like chocolate? Maybe most people do. A box of it can be a great gift. Buy one for a friend and give it as a surprise. See how happy that person gets.
Say you just got a box of chocolate. Which piece do you pick first? A man has studied people’s choices. He says they tell something about the person. Did you choose a round piece? You are a person who likes to party. Did you choose an oval (橢圓形的) shape? You are a person who likes to make things. Picking a square shape shows something else. The person is honest and truthful. You can depend on him or her.
What kind of chocolate do you pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings about the past. Dark chocolate means something else. A person who chooses it looks toward the future. What about white chocolate? Would you choose it? If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind. Some people like chocolate with nuts (果仁). These are people who like to help others.
Do you believe these ideas? Can candy tell all these things? It doesn’t really matter. There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolate. They eat it because they like it

1. 1.

   This passage mainly tells us ______

   1. A.
      why people like chocolate
   2. B.
      almost everyone likes chocolate
   3. C.
      about different kinds of chocolate
   4. D.
      different choices may show different characters
2. 2.

   Picking a round shape of chocolate shows that a person ______

   1. A.
      likes singing, dancing and drinking
   2. B.
      likes to do something for others
   3. C.
      is good at making things
   4. D.
      can be depended on
3. 3.

   If you enjoy eating milk chocolate you may ______

   1. A.
      look forward to the future
   2. B.
      like to think of the past
   3. C.
      enjoy parties and fun
   4. D.
      have trouble making decisions
4. 4.

   From this passage we can say that a helpful man may choose chocolate ______

   1. A.
      in oval shape
   2. B.
      in square shape
   3. C.
      with nuts
   4. D.
      with coffee
5. 5.

   The last paragraph suggests that the writer ______

   1. A.
      believes all the information about chocolate
   2. B.
      does not believe the information about candy
   3. C.
      is trying to get you to believe false information
   4. D.
      doesn’t think it important whether you believe the ideas

One warm May day, two eighteen – year – old students from San Francisco State College decided to cool off with a swim at Bakers’ Beach． The two students were named Robert Kogler and Shirley O’Neill． They headed out to sea for a distance of 50 metres． Robert was in front．
“Suddenly, I heard him scream,” Shirley recalls． “I looked round and saw this great grey thing going up in the air． The water seemed to be alive．”Robert screamed again． “It’s a shark! Get out of here!”
An eye – witness, Army Sergeant Leo P． Day was on guard at the nearby army post． He saw exactly what happened next． “I could see this boy struggling with the shark in the water,” he said． “The sea was red with blood． He was shouting and signalling someone to go back, go back． Then I saw the girl． She was swimming towards him． She completely ignored his warning．”Shirley reached Robert, and tried to take his hand．“When I pulled, all I could see was his arm, handing by a thread,” she said．
So she put her arm about Robert’s back, and started to swim towards the shore． She kept praying “Don't’ let it attack again!” That journey to the shore seemed to last for hours． At last, as they neared the shore, a fisherman threw them a line, and pulled them both the rest of the way．The young man had lost a lot of blood, and died two and a half hours later, From the teeth marks, experts identified the attacker as a Great White Shark．For what Sergeant Day called “the greatest exhibition of bravery I have ever seen,” the President of the US gave Shirley a medal for bravery．

1. 1.

   When Albert was attacked by a shark Shirley        ．

   1. A.
      was swimming in the sea
   2. B.
      was watching him on the shore
   3. C.
      was on guard at the nearby army post
   4. D.
      was shouting and struggling with a shark, too
2. 2.

   Choose the right time order of the following events in the story．
   a． Army Sergeant saw the girl swimming to the boy．
   b． Shirley saw a great grey thing．
   c． They headed out to sea．
   d． Robert died．
   e． A fisherman threw them a line．
   f． He saw a boy struggling with a shark．

   1. A.
      b,c,e,d,f,a
   2. B.
      c,a,f,d,e,b
   3. C.
      b,c,f,a,d,e
   4. D.
      c,b,f,a,e, d
3. 3.

   We can learn from the passage that         ．

   1. A.
      the two students were brave and considerate
   2. B.
      the fisherman was adventurous and helpful
   3. C.
      the experts didn’t do much research on sharks
   4. D.
      the Sergeant cared too much about his own life

PHUKET, Thailand—— Narkis Koral, 23, and Oren Mesika, 24, had no sense of the terrible tsunami that hit Southeast Asia: They were having “a good time ”on the island of Koh Chang in Thailand and only learned of their present situation hours later, through friends who received phone calls from home.
Even though the pair, both from Arad, escaped the tsunami’ s anger, it did not change the fact that their parents were worried  
“Our mothers worried a lot, ”says Koral. “They asked us to leave immediately and return to Israel. They offered to arrange flights, anything we wanted, just return. ”
Dana Kuchansky’ s father is also worried. Kuchansky, 28, and her partner were in Kofun, a small island hit hard by the tsunami. After a night spent on the top of the mountain in the center of the island, the two were taken for free to Bangkok, where they were expected to fly to Israel.
On the telephone, the worried father made sure his daughter received the replacement tickets lost in the tsunami 15 minutes later, he called her again, to remind her of the flight number.
Most of the Israelis visiting Thailand are young and on a limited budget. Their parents are used to having insufficient contact with their children. In most cases, this contact is when the phone call or the use of the Internet is cheap, even if the difference between "expensive" and "cheap" is less than 50 agorot, or cents.
In one case this past week, a mother called the mobile telephone of each of the six embassy（大使館）staff in Thailand, one after the other. The same duty officer answered all six.
The common reaction of both parents and children, once telephone contact was made, was sobbing with relief that the ordeal（嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)）had left them unharmed

1. 1.

   According to the text, Narkis and Oren________

   1. A.
      called their friends to tell them what had happened
   2. B.
      had great fun even if they knew the tsunami had come
   3. C.
      knew nothing about the tsunami until their friends rang them up
   4. D.
      turned out calm in face of the tsunami
2. 2.

   Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

   1. A.
      Kuchansky and her partner had their tickets missing in the tsunami
   2. B.
      All the parents mentioned are worried about their children’ s safety
   3. C.
      Most embassy staff were too busy in their work to answer mobile phone calls
   4. D.
      The parents of the young Israelis don’ t have enough time to contact their kids
3. 3.

   The underlined word “insufficient” in Paragraph 6 probably means________

   1. A.
      unsuitable
   2. B.
      not enough
   3. C.
      unnecessary
   4. D.
      irregular
4. 4.

   It can be inferred that ________

   1. A.
      50 agorot is too little an amount for the ordinary Israelis
   2. B.
      as an official in charge, the mother made so many calls
   3. C.
      the writer may come from Israel rather than from some other country
   4. D.
      all the young couples traveling in Thailand remained safe and sound

A voyaging ship was wrecked during a storm at sea and only two of the men aboard were able to swim to a small, desert-like island. Not knowing what else to do, the two survivors agreed that they had no alternativethan to pray to God.
However, to find out whose prayers were more powerful, they agreed to divide the territory between them and stay on opposite sides of the island.
The first thing they prayed for was food. The next morning, the first man saw a fruit-bearing tree on his side of the island, and he was able to eat its fruit. But the other man’s parcel of land remained barren.
After a week, the first man became lonely and decided to pray for a wife. The next day, another ship was wrecked and the only survivor was a woman who swam to his side of the island. But on the other side of the island, there was nothing.
Soon thereafter the first man prayed for a house, clothes and more food. The next day, like magic, all of these things were given to him. However, the second man still had nothing.
Finally, the first man prayed for a ship so that he and his wife could leave the island, and in the morning he found a ship docked at his side of the island.
The first man boarded the ship with his wife and decided to leave the second man on the island, considering the other man unworthy to receive God’s blessings since none of his prayers had been answered.
As the ship was about to leave, the first man heard a voice from Heaven booming, “Why are you leaving your companion on the island?”
“My blessings are mine alone since I was the one who prayed for them,” the first man answered. “His prayers were all unanswered and so he doesn’t deserve anything.”
“You are mistaken!” the voice rebuked him. “He had only one prayer, which I answered. If not for that, you would not have received any of my blessings.”
“Tell me,” the first man asked the voice, “what did he pray for that I should owe him anything?”
“He prayed that all your prayers would be answered.”
For all we know, our blessings are not the fruits of our prayers alone, but those of another praying for us. So what you do for others is more important than what you do for yourself

1. 1.

   The first man’s wife is _____

   1. A.
      a swimmer who got to the island by accident
   2. B.
      an angel sent by God to keep him company
   3. C.
      a survivor from another wrecked ship
   4. D.
      a native person on the desert-like island
2. 2.

   The underlined word “barren” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____

   1. A.
      isolated
   2. B.
      unproductive
   3. C.
      fertile
   4. D.
      dry
3. 3.

   Which of the following is true about the second man?

   1. A.
      He didn’t deserve any blessing from God
   2. B.
      None of his prayers was answered by God
   3. C.
      He is not brave enough to tell God his needs
   4. D.
      His prayer helped his companion get out of trouble
4. 4.

   What’s the moral of the story?

   1. A.
      Never judge a person by appearance
   2. B.
      Don’t lose heart in trouble
   3. C.
      Helping others is helping ourselves
   4. D.
      Greed is the root of all evil

Many parents have learned the hard way that what sounds like open communication is otfen the very thing that closes a youngster’s ears and mouth, One common mistake is the Lecture, the long monologue that often starts with “When I was your age……”Eighteen –year –old Kelly calls lectures “Long , one-side discussions in which I don’t say much.”
Kids reflexively（條件反射地）shout down in the face of a lecture , Their eyes glaze over（呆滯）,and they don’t register any incoming information , Listen to 13-year –old Sarah describe her least favorite times with her mom and dad, “First, they scream, Then comes the“We’re so disappointed’ speech , Then the ‘I never did that to my parents’ lecture begins , After that, even if they realize how ridiculous they sound, they never take it back’”.
Lines like “When you have children of your own, you’ll understand” have been seriously said by parents since time immemorial, But many of our expert parents, like Bobby , a registered nurse and mother of three, feel that by falling back on cliches（陳詞濫調(diào)）to justify our actions, we weaken our position.
Since kids are creatures of here and now, the far-off future has no relevance to them, Therefore ,good communicators like Bobby suggest, “Give specific reasons for your actions in present language:‘I’m not letting you go to the party because I don’t think there will be enough adult supervisions（監(jiān)護(hù)）”。
Betty, who lives in Missouri ,uses and indirect approach, “I find that warnings are accepted more readily if I discuss a news article on a subject I am concerned about, My husband and I talk about it while our children absorb the information, Then they never think I’m preaching（布道）”.
This really helped when Betty’s kids began driving , Instead of constantly repeating “Don’t drink; don’t speed”, She would talk about articles in the paper and express sympathy for the victims of a car crash, Betty made no special effort to draw her kids into the conversation, She depended on a teenager’s strong desire to put in his opinions—especially if he thinks he isn’t being asked for them

1. 1.

   The purpose of the passage is to      

   1. A.
      compare two ways of parents’ communicating with their kids
   2. B.
      give parents advice on how to communicate with their kids
   3. C.
      explain why kids won’t listen to their parents
   4. D.
      introduce kids’ reaction to the communication between them and their parents
2. 2.

   Which of the following statements is NOT right?

   1. A.
      Kids won’t listen to their parents because they think what their parents say is boring
   2. B.
      Many kids think they have no right to express their own opinions
   3. C.
      Some kids think their parents should apologize when they are wrong
   4. D.
      Kids don’t like any discussion at all
3. 3.

   What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?

   1. A.
      獨(dú)白
   2. B.
      對話
   3. C.
      插話
   4. D.
      討論
4. 4.

   Which of the following topic may appeal to kids?

   1. A.
      Parents own experience
   2. B.
      Kids possible life in the future
   3. C.
      Something related to kids’ present life
   4. D.
      What parents have done to their own parents
5. 5.

   In order to make kids follow their advice, parents should      

   1. A.
      tell their kids to listen carefully
   2. B.
      set out their warnings directly
   3. C.
      list out as many examples as possible
   4. D.
      arouse kids’ desire to express themselves

Elderly adults who regularly drink green tea may stay more agile (敏捷的) and independent than their peers over time, according to a Japanese study that covered thousands of people.
Green tea contains antioxidant chemicals (抗氧化物) that may help stop the cell damage that can lead to disease. Researchers have been studying green tea’s effect on everything from cholesterol (膽固醇) to the risk of certain cancers, with mixed results so far.
They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop “functional disability”, or problems with daily activities or basic needs, such as dressing or bathing.
Specifically, almost 13 percent of adults who drank less than a cup of green tea per day became functionally disabled, compared with just over 7 percent of people who drank at least five cups a day.
The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older. Green-tea lovers generally had healthier diets, including more fish, vegetables and fruit, as well as more education, lower smoking rates, fewer heart attacks and strokes, and greater mental sharpness. They also tended to be more socially active and have more friends and family to rely on. But even with those factors accounted for, green tea itself was tied to a lower disability risk, the researchers said.
People who drank at least five cups a day were one-third less likely to develop disabilities than those who had less than a cup per day. Those people who averaged three or four cups a day had a 25 percent lower risk.
Although it’s not clear how green tea might offer a buffer (緩沖) against disability, Tomata’s team did note that one recent study found green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.
While green tea and its extracts are considered safe in small amounts, they do contain caffeine and small amounts of vitamin K, which means it could affect drugs that prevent blood clotting (凝固)

1. 1.

   What can be learned from the passage?

   1. A.
      Antioxidant chemicals can lead to disease
   2. B.
      Those who often drank green tea can’t develop “functional disability”
   3. C.
      “Functional disability” is related to problems with daily activities or basic needs
   4. D.
      People who drank at least five cups a day are not likely to become functionally disabled
2. 2.

   What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?

   1. A.
      How the study was proved
   2. B.
      Why green tea-lovers can keep agile
   3. C.
      What healthier diets include
   4. D.
      How to lower disability risk
3. 3.

   What have the Researchers discovered?

   1. A.
      Those who drank green tea can't develop “functional disability”
   2. B.
      Green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older
   3. C.
      How green tea might offer a buffer against disability
   4. D.
      Green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women