3．How to Make FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends．Good friendship has many benefits．It offers companionship，improves self-worth and promotes good health．There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town，or changed our jobs or schools．Such changes often leave us without a friend   （31）C．But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage．Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends．
Associate with others．
The first step to making friends is associating with other people．You can go to public places to meet new people．Besides，you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places．
Start a conversation
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends．（32）EYou can always start the conversation．Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people．
（33）G
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together，Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience．
Let it grow．
It is a good thing to stay in touch．However，try not to press your new friend with calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend．（34）A．The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally．
Enjoy your friendship
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves．（35）DTry not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be．Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you．
So you will need to give your friend time to react to you．

A．So you will need to give your friend time to react to you．
B．For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch．
C．Making new friends comes easy for some people．
D．Try not to find fault with your friends．
E．Do not wait to be spoken to．
F．Be careful
G．Do things together．

2．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事．
In 1989，fresh out of high school，I had the difficult task of choosing a career path before college started in three months．In those days in Pakistan，there were limited options：becoming a doctor or an engineer，or entering the financial world after getting a business degree．I wasn't interested in engineering，so that I was left with medicine or business．I couldn't decide．
My uncle，one of the elders in the family，suggested that I do a work placement to experience it for a month in

an international company followed by a month in a hospital．After that，I could make a decision．It seemed like a brilliant idea．
I was accepted for a month's placement at a foreign bank in Karachi．I got a feel for how the world of finance functioned，made new friends，and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings．
The month passed rapidly，and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi．The experience couldn't have been more different．The hospital had an intense environment．The days started early （at 7am，compared to 9am at the bank），and were filled with endless duties．And the night calls!This was crazy，working all day，through the night，and again the next day．
I began thinking about my two experiences．The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere，better working hours and less stress．The hospital was full of excitement，and unpredictability，but the studying and training was difficult．It seemed that the business option was going to win out．
Near the end of my month at the hospital，I was driving home after an especially busy night call．In front of me was a public bus，with college students sitting on the top．As the driver weaved through traffic，I could see the boys shaking from side to side．
注意：
1．所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右；
2．應(yīng)使用 5 個以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；
3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；
4．續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語．
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly，a boy fell off the back of the bus．He hit the road face down and rolled over．He lay motionless in the middle of the road as the bus drove away quickly．The cars directly behind the bus braked to avoid the boy，but none stopped．I knew that if the boy was bleeding into his brain，he could die soon．I stopped my car．I lifted his unconscious body into my car with the help of some passersby and raced back to the hospital．
Paragraph 2：
The next day，when I went to see the boy，all his family got up，with grateful smiles on their faces．The mother held my hands and started weeping．"Son，you are an angel，"she repeated over and over again．After comforting her，I went over to the boy．He managed to smile and squeeze my hand．No words were spoken between us-none was needed．I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement，the most fabulous mood I had ever experienced．Driving home that evening，I knew what I wanted to do for the rest of my life．My career path became crystal clear at that moment．．

1．I had all the usual child fears．I couldn't go to sleep unless the light in my bedroom was on．I dreaded that someday when my mother was distracted，Crazy Betty would grab me in the grocery store．On the hottest summer nights，my feet had to be wrapped tightly in my bedsheets for fear that something might grab it in its cold，slimy claw．
But all other frights paled before the Great Fear，the Titanic of my childhood terrors．That fear was that something would happen to Monk-Monk．
Looking at Monk-Monk today，you wouldn't see what I see．You'd see an old，torn，discolored sock monkey with stuffing leaking from his short tail．I see my dearest childhood friend，my companion of a thousand nights．I bonded with him fiercely and rarely let him out of my sight．
And then Uncle Ken came to visit．He clearly thought it was pretty silly that a big first-grader was dragging a sock monkey around，and he teased me by saying he'd take Monk-Monk home to Ohio with him．I clutched（抓�。� Monk-Monk more tightly．
I was at school a few days later when Uncle Ken left．When I came home，I couldn't find Monk-Monk
anywhere．I can hardly describe the depths of my panic．I don't think I cried； my terror was beyond that．I could barely breathe．Where was Monk-Monk？What has Uncle Ken done to him？Had Uncle Ken thrown him out of his car window？Was Monk-Monk lying in a weedy strip along the interstate，lonely and cold，never to be loved again？When I found Monk-Monk behind the sofa，I cried with relief．As far as I can remember，that near-loss of
Monk-Monk was my first encounter with real，deep-down fear．

21．What was the author's greatest childhood terror？D
A．Sleeping alone in darkness．
B．Being grabbed by Crazy Betty．
C．Something with cold，thin claw．
D．The loss of his favorite toy．
22．As a child，the author believed Uncle Ken was．A
A．a(chǎn)n insensitive，mean-spirited man
B．kind-hearted，but silly
C．wise enough to notice a child's fear
D．probably a great joker
23．From the passage，we can infer that when he was little，the author．C
A．was pretty silly and fearful
B．felt lonely and unloved
C．saw Monk-Monk as part of his life
D．thought little of Monk-Monk．

20．Once，when I was a teenager，my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus （馬戲）．Finally，there was only one family between us and the ticket counter．
   This family made a big impression on me．There were eight children，all probably under the age of twelve．You could tell they didn't have a lot of money．
   Their clothes were not expensive，but they were clean．The children were well-behaved，all of them standing in line，two-by-two behind their parents，holding hands．They were excitedly talking about the clowns，elephants，and other acts they would see that night with their brothers or sisters in a low voice．
   One could sense they had never been to the circus before．It promised to be highlight of their young lives．The father and mother were at the head of the pack，standing proud as could be．The mother was holding her husband's hand，looking up at him as if to say，"You are my knight in shining armor．"
   He was smiling and responding in pride，looking back at her as if to say，"You got that right．"The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted．He proudly responded，"Please let me buy eight children's tickets and two adult tickets so I can take my family to the circus．"
   The ticket lady gave the price．The man's wife let go of his hand，her head dropped，and his lips began to shake．The father leaned a little closer and asked，"How much did you say？"
   The ticket lady again quoted the price．The man didn't have enough money．
   How was he supposed to turn and tell his eight children that he didn't have enough money to take them to the circus？
   Actually we were not wealthy in any sense．So I understand how the kids would feel．I felt sorry for them．
注意：
1．所需寫的短文詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2．應(yīng)使用5個以上短文標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；
3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已經(jīng)為你寫好；
4．續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞．
Paragraph 1
Seeing what was going on，my dad put his hand in his pocket，pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground．Then he picked it op and tapped the man on the shoulder and said，"Excuse me，sir，this fell out of your pocket．'The man turned around and saw the money．He knew what was going on，he looked straight into my dad's eyes，took my dad's hand in both of his，squeezed tightly onto the $20 bill，and with his lip shakingand a tear running down his cheek，he replied，"Thank you，thank you，sir．This really means a lot to me and my family．"
Paragraph 2
That day my father and I went back to our car and drove home without any tickets．We didn't go to the circus that night，when I asked dad why he did so，Dad said，"My child，it was a desperate，heartbreaking and embarrassing situation for a father．Surely he wasn't begging for a handout，but he reminded me of my father，when I was young．"He paused for a while，as if wandering in his memory．"We should appreciate what we have obtained from life and seize every opportunity to help others．We didn't go to the circus tonight，but we didn't go without．"．

19．The answer to protecting and saving marine（海洋）wildlife can start with cutting back on something Americans use every day---plastic drinking straws（吸管）．Actor Adrien Grenier，best known for playing Vincent Chase in 2015 movie Entourage，has launched a campaign to reduce the amount of single-use plastic usage in this country in order to protect and save marine wildlife and the environment．Plastic drinking straws are among many single-use plastic products contributing to the shocking loss of marine life，but they're a great place to start because they're something Americans are using by the hundreds of millions without any awareness that they're so damaging．
According to Ecocycle，an international environmental organization，Americans use more than 500 million straws daily，which are enough to fill 127 school buses each day，and they can't be recycled．That means plastic straws end up in landfills or oceans，where fish and other marine wildlife mistake the small bits for food and swallow them．After seeing a photo of a whale beached on the shore with a belly full of plastic，Grenier felt the inspiration to launch the Lonely Whale Foundation，hoping to inspire and educate others on the challenges facing marine life．
Along with stopping the use of straws，Grenier hopes to educate consumers on the dangers of other single-use plastic items such as grocery bags and water bottles．While many Americans use these plastic products in their daily life，there are more sustainable alternatives that can help protect the environment．Ecocycle recommends the use of straws made from stainless steel，glass，and even bamboo instead of plastic．You can buy a number of these environmentally friendly straws online and in stores．

24．What initially contributed to the start of Grenier's campaign？B
A．Plastic straws in landfills
B．A picture of a dead whale
C．The severe damage done to the sea
D．The disappearance of some species under the sea
25．What is the primary purpose of the Lonely Whale Foundation？D
A．To advocate a green lifestyle
B．To promote Grenier's latest movie
C．To save precious natural resources
D．To encourage people to protect ocean life
26．Ecocycle advises people to use straws that areD．
A．easy to recycle
B．convenient to use
C．special to marine life
D．harmless to the environment．

18．When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life，she did what comes naturally．The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and，being a city animal，lost both her sheep and her sense of direction．Then she ran along the edge of a cliff and fell 100 feet，bouncing off a rock into the sea．
Her owner Mike Holden panicked and called the coastguard of Cornwall，who turned up in seconds．Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90minute search．
Three days later，a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall．Mr．Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead．He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country．
For the next two weeks，the Holdens were heartbroken．Then，one day，the phone rang and Steve Tregear，the coastguard of Cornwall，asked Holden if he would like his dog back．
A birdwatcher，armed with a telescope，found the pet sitting desperately on a rock．While he sounded the alarm，a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy．
The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff．She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge．"The dog was very thin and hungry，"Steve Tregear said．"It was a very lucky dog．She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water，"he added．
It was，as Mr．Holden admitted，"a minor miracle"．

21．The dog Judy fell down the cliff when she wasD．
A．rescuing her owner
B．caught in a hurricane
C．blocked by a rock
D．running after a sheep
22．What can we infer from the text？C
A．People like to travel with their pets．
B．Judy was taken to the fields for hunting．
C．Luck plays a vital role in Judy's survival．
D．Holden cared little where Judy was buried．
23．Which of the following can be the best title for the text？D
A．Miracle of the Coastguard
B．Surviving a Hurricane
C．Dangers in the Wild
D．Coming Back from the Dead．

17．Public Speaking TrainingGet a coach
（31）E，so get help．Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses，here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you．
Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well．Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well．（32）B，so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do．
（33）C
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts，walk away!Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about．（34）G．As far as we're concerned，there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking．Your audience can be your friends．
You are a special person not a clone
Most importantly，good public speaking training should treat you as a special one，with your own personal habits．（35）A．Your training course should help you bring out your personality，not try to turn you into someone you're not．

A．You aren't like anybody else
B．You already do lots of things well
C．Turn your back on too many rules
D．Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E．Whatever the presentation，public speaking is tough
F．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
G．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse．

16．When someone is happy，can you smell it？
You can usually tell when someone is happy based on seeing them smile，hearing them laugh or perhaps from receiving a big hug．But can you also smell their happiness？Surprising new research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent（氣味），and that the experience of happiness can be spread through smell，reports Phys．org．
For the study，12young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them．All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers，and all were asked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during the study period．
Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell，while researchers monitored their reactions．Only women were selected to smell the samples，apparently because previous research has shown that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling-though it's unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents．
Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents-particularly their facial expressions-suggested a relationship between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who smelled them．
"Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell，"said study co-author Gun Semin，a professor at Koc University in Turkey．
This is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent，but that the scent can transmit the feeling to others．The study also found that other feelings，such as fear，seem to carry a scent too．This ensures previous research suggesting that some negative feelings have a smell，but it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings．
Researchers have yet to isolate（分離） exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is，but you might imagine what the potential applications for such a finding could be．Happiness perfumes，for instance，could be invented．Scent therapies（香味療法）could also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety．
Perhaps the most surprising result of the study，however，is our broadened understanding of how feelings get communicated，and also how our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us．

27．What is the main finding of the new research？C
A．Men produce more sweats．
B．Negative feelings have a smell．
C．Pleasant feelings can be smelt out．
D．Women have a better sense of smell．
28．The underlined part"abstain from"in Paragraph 3 probably meansA．
A．a(chǎn)void   B．practice     C．continue   D．try
29．What is the application value of the new research？B
A．Perfumes could help people understand each other．
B．Some smells could be developed to better our mood．
C．Perfumes could be produced to cure physical diseases．
D．Some smells could be created to improve our appearance．
30．We can learn from the last paragraph thatD．
A．happiness comes from a scent of sweat
B．positive energy can deepen understanding
C．people need more emotional communication
D．social surroundings can influence our emotions．

15．For the Swiss，punctuality（守時） is a source of deep satisfaction．They obtain real joy from the fact that life unfolds on time and in a highly efficient manner．Whenever I visit Switzerland，I go through several stages of punctuality reaction．At first it delights me，especially if I'm coming from Neighbouring Italy or France with their rather more flexible approach to timekeeping．By contrast，life in Switzerland is enthusiastic and dependable．If someone says they will meet me at 2pm，they arrive at 2pm not 2：05 （or 1：55，for that matter）．I like this，for a while．
Then it annoys me．The extreme punctuality strikes me as a kind of being mean，and I find myself agreeing with the English writer Evelyn Waugh who said that"punctuality is the virtue of the bored．"
That is unfair though，and finally I come to appreciate Swiss punctuality for what it is：a deep expression of respect for other people．A punctual person is a considerate one．By showing up on time for everything，a Swiss person is saying，in effect，"I value your time and，by extension，I value you．"
It's no coincidence that the Swiss are the world's watchmakers．Which came first，the precise clocks and watches or the precise people？Hard to say，but the result is the same：a nation where the trains and everything else really do run on time．
How to explain this punctuality？No one knows for sure．But a popular theory is that，historically，it arises from the tough，mountainous area．Either you planted your crops on time and harvested them at the correct time or，well，you starved．
Punctuality，sadly，is a dying art in many parts of the world．Mobile phones are partly to blame．We feel less compelled（緊迫的）to arrive on time if we can always text to say we're running a few minutes late．I don't sense that is happening in Switzerland，though．
Punctuality is not without its weaknesses．Extreme punctuality also creates an expectation，and if that expectation is not met，disappointment follows．On those rare occasions when things do not function smoothly，the Swiss get nervous，confused and angry．

24．What's NOT the author's attitude towards the Swiss punctuality？B
A．Pleasant．B．Exhausted．C．Annoyed．D．Appreciated．
25．What do the Swiss people want to show by arriving on time？A
A．To show their respect for other people．
B．To show that they have the best watches．
C．To show that they are considerate persons．
D．To show that they are the best watchmakers in the world．
26．The passage is probably taken from aC．
A．A history book
B．A business newspaper
C．A cultural guidebook
D．An economic magazine．

14．It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on December 25．I was a nurse on duty that day．I didn't think there would be any patients，and sighed about having to work on Christmas．Just then five bodies showed up at my desk，a pale woman and four small children．
"Are you all sick？"I asked．
"Yes，"she said weakly and lowered her head．
But when they described their problems，things got a little unclear．Two of the children had headaches，but the headaches weren't accompanied by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still．Two children had earaches，but only one could tell me which ear was affected．The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it．
Something was wrong，but I didn't say anything but explained that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her．She responded，"Take your time； it's warm in here．"
I checked the chart after the clerk had finished registering（登記） the family．No address-they were homeless．The waiting room was warm．I looked out at the family gathering close together by the Christmas tree．The youngest one was pointing at the television and saying something to her mother excitedly．The oldest one was looking at the decorations on the Christmas tree．
I went back to the nurses'station and mentioned we had a homeless family in the waiting room．The nurses，complaining about working on Christmas，turned to compassion（同情） for a family just trying to get warm on Christmas．The team went into action，much as we do when there's a medical emergency．But this one was a Christmas emergency．
We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day，so we took back that meal and prepared a large meal for our Christmas guests．We needed presents．We put together oranges and apples in a basket．We collected from different departments candies，crayons and other things available that could be presents．As seriously as we met the physical needs of the patients，our team worked to meet the needs，and exceed the expectations of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day．
Later，as the family walked to the door to leave，the four-year old came running back，gave me a hug and whispered，"Thanks for being our angels today．"

21．When all the nurses heard about the homeless family，theyB．
A．complained about being disturbed on Christmas
B．took pity on them and prepared a special gift for them
C．treated them as quickly as possible
D．drove them away immediately
22．What does the underlined word"exceed"in Para.8mean？B
A．create．B．do more than  C．do less than D．lower
23．What would be the best title for the passage？A
A．Working Christmas Day
B．Christmas nurses
C．Medical matters
D．Cold Christmas．