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1.構(gòu)成: have / has been doing

試題詳情

3.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別:

①.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時所表示的動作都發(fā)生在過去, 但前者將過去的動作與現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響聯(lián)系起來, 而后者只限于表示過去的動作本身, 與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)

②.現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表明確時間的狀語如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in等連用, 但可與表示不明確時間的狀語如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等連用, 也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語如: this morning, today, this week, this year等連用

　　　　 a. She has already come.

　　　　 b. I have met him before.

　　　　 c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.

　　　　 d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?

　　　　 e. I have seen him this morning.

試題詳情

2.用法:

①.表示動作在說話之前己經(jīng)完成, 而后果或影響至今仍存在

　　　　 a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )

　　　　 b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)

　　　　 c. The concert has started. ( =The concert started and is now going on. )

　　　　 d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )

　　 ②.表示開始于過去, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還會繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去)的動作或狀態(tài), 用于延續(xù)性動詞, 且句中常帶有表示段時間的時間狀語

　　　　 a. I have studied English since 1987.

　　　　 b. He has lived here for two years.

　　　　 c. He has been ill for ten days.

試題詳情

1.構(gòu)成: have / has done

試題詳情

2.用法:

　　①.表示說話時正在進(jìn)行著的動作, 或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行而說話時不一定正在進(jìn)行的動作

　　　　　a. I am writing a letter.

　　　　　b. My mother is making a dress these few days.

　　②.表示即將發(fā)生的動作(如在最近按計劃或安排好要進(jìn)行的動作), 常見的有這種用法的動詞有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常與表示將來時間的狀語連用

　　　　　a. They are going to Shanghai on Friday.

　　　　　b. John is coming here next week.

　 �、�.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時動詞與always, continually, constantly等連用, 表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或習(xí)慣性的動作

　　　　　a. The little boy is always asking questions.

　　　　　b. You are always saying that sort of thing.

　　④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般現(xiàn)在時動詞表述現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事實(shí), 后一句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時動詞來闡述這一事實(shí)的原因, 結(jié)果, 目的等

　　　　　a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皺著眉頭, 因?yàn)樗跒樗暮⒆訐?dān)心. (is worrying表示原因)

　　　　　b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批評他, 想糾正他的壞習(xí)慣. (is trying表示目的)

　　　　　c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他慣壞了. ( is spoiling表示結(jié)果)

　 �、�.不表示持續(xù)的行為, 而表示知覺, 感覺, 看法, 認(rèn)識, 感情, 愿望或某種狀態(tài)的動詞通常不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, own, have, be, seem等

試題詳情

1.構(gòu)成: am / is / are doing

試題詳情

2.用法:

　　①.表示現(xiàn)狀, 性質(zhì), 狀態(tài), 經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作

　　　　　a. It is fine today.

　　　　　b. I am a student.

　　　　　c. I get up at six every day.

d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.

　 �、�.表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理

　　　　　a. Japan is to the east of China.

　　　　　b. The sun rises in the east.