9、Botanists are not sure where the first plant was grown or even ________．

A．what plant was                             B．it was what plant

C．what plant was it                       D．what plant it was

8、Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．

A．estimate                     B．penalize               C．driving                D．a(chǎn)ccount

E．covering                     F．pocket                 G．perfectly             H．essential

I．belongings                   J．reviewed

There are two principal household insurance policies---building insurance and contents．Neither is strictly compulsory but both are more or less ___1___．

    Building insurance protects the bricks and mortar of your home and any fitted fixtures within, such as bathroom fittings and built-in cupboards．If the property is damaged by flood, fire or various other perils, the policy pays for repairs．

When you arrange building insurance you need to decide on a “sum assured”．This is the amount the insurance company would pay out if your home were destroyed．It should be the best ___2___ of the rebuilding costs and not the market value of the property．You can find out the correct sum assured from the survey when you bought your house．But make sure it is ___3____ regularly to take into ___4____ rising prices．

   Most mortgage lenders make buildings insurance a condition for the loan．They will also try to sell you their own policy--- and ____5____ you if you buy cover elsewhere．

    Lenders are ___6____ within their rights to charge an “administration fee”（usually ￡25） if borrowers make their own arrangements．

    Building insurance is a competitive market and the competition is ___7____ prices down．There are hundreds of product providers to choose from．Banks, building societies, insurance companies that sell direct are all keen to ___8____ your premiums（保險費）．

With home contents insurance, you also need to decide on a sum assured．You should make a list of all your belongings and the cost of their replacements．

But remember that if you underestimate to keep the premium down, you may find that you have much great difficulty___9____ your loss．

7、In the United Kingdom the institution responsible for making laws, discussing major issues ___1____ the country and raising taxes is called Parliament．The three parts of Parliament, the sovereign （= the king or queen）, the House of Lords and the House of commons, meet together only on special ___2____．Although the agreement of all three is required for laws ___3____, that of the king or queen is now given without question．

Parliament comes from “parley”, a discussion．The word was first used in the 13th century to __4__ meetings between Henry III and his noblemen in the Great Council．At that time, the king used his and his noblemen’s money to ___5___ government and war．Several kings found that they did not have enough money, and so they called together ___6___ from the counties and towns of England to ask them to ___7___ increased taxes．Over time, the Great Council became the House of Lords, and the people from the counties and towns became the House of Commons．___8___, the king needed only the support of his councilors to pass a law, but by the end of the 15th century members of the House of Commons were taking part in the ___9___ process．．

Control of the money supply by the House of Lords and the House of Commons make it difficult for the sovereign to ___10____ Parliament’s wishes．Ministers were appointed by the sovereign but they needed support in the House of Commons to be able to pass laws and raise taxes．The ___11___ of political parties during the 18th century gave them the ___12___ to obtain that support．The involvement of the sovereign in policy-making and administration was gradually ___13___, leaving government in the hands of a cabinet, presided over （= be in the charge of） by a prime minister．___14___ the 19th century, the Government has been the party with the most members in the House of Commons, and the ___15___ of that party has been the Prime Minister．

1．A．a(chǎn)ffecting              B．effecting             C．destroying           D．realizing

2．A．situations              B．consequences      C．occasions           D．cases

3．A．passed                  B．being passed       C．to pass               D．to be passed

4．A．detect                  B．describe              C．compose             D．interpret

5．A．share with             B．offer to               C．pay for               D．take up

6．A．representatives       B．symbols              C．protesters            D．reminders

7．A．confess                 B．a(chǎn)pprove               C．a(chǎn)chieve               D．consider

8．A．Inevitably             B．Eventually           C．Presently            D．Originally

9．A．peace-loving         B．law-making          C．law-defending      D．war-deciding

10．A．ignore                 B．confirm               C．a(chǎn)ccount for         D．transform into

11．A．decline                B．failure                 C．decrease              D．rise

12．A．directions           B．hope                   C．means                D．power

13．A．conducted          B．reduced              C．declined              D．rejected

14．A．Before                 B．After                  C．Since                 D．Until

15．A．leader                  B．candidate            C．a(chǎn)pplicant             D．a(chǎn)dvisor

6、In the earliest stages of man’s development he had no more need of money than animals have．He was content with very simple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himself and his family from natural materials around him．As he became more civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, more efficient tools and weapons, and more comfortable and more lasting clothing than could be provided by his own neighborhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands．For these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths, leather workers or carpenters．It was then that the question of payment arose．

At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange．The smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough．But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory．Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready．

　　Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degrees to the invention of money．In some countries easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and the farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells．If the smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade．In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade．Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used．Money as we know it had arrived．

1．Exchange of goods became difficult because _________．

　　A．man became more civilized

　　B．smiths began to look after land or cattle in their spare time

　　C．more and more goods which had no fixed exchange values came to the market

　　D．farmers hadn’t enough grain or meat to provide for skilled workers

2．Money was not used until _______．

　　A．paper was invented

　　B．people practiced a simple process of exchange

　　C．nothing could be offered in exchange

　　D．the exchange of one thing for another became too complicated

3．The best title for this passage is _____．

       A．What is money                                B．What are money’s functions．

       C．The importance of money                     D．The beginning of money

5、TODAY, Friday, November 12

JAZZ with the Mike Thomas Jazz Band at The Derby Arms．Upper Richmond Road West, Sheen．

DISCO Satin Sounds Disco．Free at The Lord Napier, Mort lake High St．, from 8a．m．to 8p．m．

Tel: 682—1158．

SATURDAY, November 13

JAZZ Lysis at The Bull’s Head, Barnes．Admission 60p．

MUSICAL HALL at The Star and Garter, Lower Richmond Road, Putney, provided by the

Aba Daba Music Hall company．Good food and entertainment fair price．Tel: 789—6749．

FAMILY night out? Join the sing-along at The Black Horse．Sheen Road, Richmond．

JAZZ The John Bennett Big Band at The Bull’s Head, Barnes．Admission 80p．

THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion．

Tel: 789—4536

SUNDAY, November 14

DISCO Satin Sounds Disco, free at The Lord Napier, Mort Lake High Street, from 8 a．m．to 8 p．m．FOLK MUSIC at The Derby Arms．

The Short Stuff and residents the Norman Chop Trio．

Non-remembers 70p．Tel: 688—4626．

HEAVY MUSIC with Tony Simon at The Bull, Upper Richmond Road West, East Sheen．

THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion．

1．Where and when can you hear the Mike Thomas Jazz Band?

       A．At the Derby Arms on Friday．             B．At the Black Horse on Friday．

       C．At the Star and Garter on Saturday．     D．At the Derby Arms on Sunday．

2．Where and when can you hear the Norman Chop Trio?

       A．At the Bull’s Head on Sunday．            B．At the Derby Arms on Sunday

       C．At the Bull on Saturday．                    D．At the Black Horse on Saturday．

3．You want to spend the Saturday by joining the entertainment with your family．Where should you go?

       A．Disco at The Lord Napier．

       B．The sing-along at The Black Horse．

       C．The electric accordion at The Derby Arms．

       D．Jazz at The Bull’s Head

4．You want to spend the same day at two different places and don’t want to cross any street．Which of the following is your best choice?

       A．The sing-along at the Black Horse and Jazz at The Bull’s Head．

       B．The sing-along at The Black Horse and Folk Music at The Derby Arms．

       C．Folk Music at The Derby Arms and Heavy Music with Tony Simon at The Bull．

       D．Musical Hal lat The Star ＆Garter and Disco at The Lord Napier．

4、Electric Shock

Injuries caused by electric shock are fairly common．When a person has received an electric shock, no one should go near him/her until the current has been turned off．If a shock occurring at work or at home causes someone to lose consciousness, electrical connection must be broken before anyone tries to give assistance．You should either turn off the switch at the mains or, if that is not possible, push the person away with a dry piece of wood．

Treatment Shock

Look out for signs of shock．People who have been injured or who may have lost a lot of blood, or those who have had heart attacks, may be in deep shock．The signs to look for are faintness, paleness, a moist, sticky skin, shallow, rapid breathing and a fast but weak heartbeat．

Shock can prove fatal, and it is essential to do something to prevent its developing．The best way to treat or prevent shock is to keep the patient lying down, better with the legs higher than the head; if possible, raise the lower part of the body on a rolled-up packet or similar object．Make the patient as comfortable as possible, loosening any tight clothing, and comfort him/her because fright increases the effects of shock．

1．Match the pictures with the passages．_________

       A．Picture 2．Electric shock; Picture 3．Treatment of shock

       B．Picture 1．Electric shock; Picture 4．Treatment of shock

       C．Picture 4．Electric shock; Picture 2．Treatment of shock

       D．Picture 3．Electric shock; Picture 1．Treatment of shock

2．The above passages and pictures have something to do with________

       A．how to deal with difficulties                  B．how to do first aid

       C．how to face danger                              D．how to match pictures with passages

3．What would happen if you didn’t turn off the current when you had to treat an unconscious person who had just received an electric shock?

       A．He would regain his consciousness soon．

       B．He would die soon．

       C．Electrical connection would be broken． 

       D．You would be in danger of getting the shock yourself．

4．Of the following adjectives chosen from above, which one has the meaning of “causing death”? 

      A．Fatal．                B．Sticky．              C．Essential．          D．Unconscious．

3、Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use．This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives．

To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history, and will continue to do so．Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today．It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it caused was typically localized．In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient．

Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution．Competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields．Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable．However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity．

What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050．yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions．

All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th．This will require radical thinking．For example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones．We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”．The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage．Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used．There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity．It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting, but we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity．

What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production．

1．How do people often measure progress in agriculture?

　　A．By its productivity                 B． By its impact on the environment

　　C．By its sustainability                D．By its contribution to economic growth

2．What does the author think of traditional farming practices?

　　A．They have remained the same over the centuries

　　B．They have not kept pace with population growth

　　C．They are not necessarily sustainable

　　D．They are environmentally friendly

3．What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?

　　A．It will go through radical changes

　　B．It will supply more animal products

　　C．It will abandon traditional farming practices

　　D．It will cause zero damage to the environment

4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

　　A．To remind people of the need of sustainable development

　　B．To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production

　　C．To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress

　　D．To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is．

2、Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets．

1．誰能保證他會遵守諾言?  （guarantee）

2．他不再是他過去的樣子了。（the same…as）

3．在強光下讀書會對你的眼睛造成傷害。（harmful）

4．中國舉國上下舉行了各種儀式來慶祝中華人民共和國建國60周年．（anniversary）

5．上周因為生病我缺了一些課，但是我會努力趕上大家的．（miss）

6．他所做的一切并非是為了獲得個人好處，而是為了這里居民的利益。（not----but---）

1、Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．

請根據(jù)以下“人類與環(huán)境”的關(guān)系圖，寫一篇120字以上的英語短文。

ecological environment生態(tài)環(huán)境；