8、WASHINGTON--- There are more than 222 million TVs in American homes． And it would make Frank Vespe very happy this week if every last one was turned off．

Vespe is the head of the TV-Turnoff Network, the Washington Organization behind TV Turnoff Week．

For TV Turnoff week, American kids are encouraged to go one week without watching TV． This year it runs from April 23~29． "Our real message here is to see what life is like without TV and then make watching TV a conscious decision．” said Vespe．

Vespe said that most of the kids who go without television for a week go back to watching, but not as much． "They watch more selectively． They do more things as a family． It helps them put TV in its place．"

One kid who is turning off her television is Sarah Foote, 9, of Virginia． Sarah admits it won't be too hard to give up TV． She's allowed to watch only educational television, and her favorite show from last year isn't on any more．

Of course, there are plenty of good things about TV: programmes can be entertaining, even educational．

Even so, some experts aren't sure TV Turnoff Week is the answer．

"Too much TV is not good． A little bit of TV for young kids is good because it adds to their vocabulary． The bottom line is moderation （節(jié)制）．" says Susan Neuman, a university educator who studies kids and reading．

Neuamn says the real problem is that parents, do not keep track of what their kids are watching．

They don’t set limits on TV viewing． Also, in some families, TV might be the only thing to do．

What message does Sarah have for other kids'?

"It's a very good idea． I survived a whole week without TV． It also teaches you to enjoy time doing different things and not being sucked into something on TV, because you do not want TV taking up all of your time．" Sarah said．

1． From the first two paragraphs we know that _______．

A． American TV companies will be turned off

B． American families have more TV sets than they need

C． Vespe has persuaded most people to turn off their TV sets

D． Vespe is an active person in the TV-Turnoff organization

2．The purpose of the TV-Turnoff is to _________．

A． make children watch TV less

B． make children play outside more

C． make children do more homework

D． make parents watch more TV programmes

3．As Vespe said in this passage, turning off TV a week can help children _________．

A． forget to watch TV programmes           B． improve their habits of watching TV

C． place TV sets out of their bedrooms         D． have part-time jobs after school

4． In some experts' opinion, ________．

A． parents should turn off TV for their children  

B． parents should direct their children how to use TV

C． children should enjoy exciting programmes on TV

D． children should learn their lessons over TV

5． What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage?

A． To advise us to turn off TV sets．

B． To warn parents of the danger of TV．

C． To report to us a piece of news about TV．

D． To praise Vespe and his organization．

7、Many new students find it hard to do all the study that has to be done; they find themselves putting off reading assignment, jumping from subject to another and rarely being quite certain what they are trying to do during a particular study session．The best way to overcome these difficulties and to start studying efficiently is to plan your time and organize your work． Let us suppose that you have 15 hours per week of classes and that you decide to allow yourself a 40-hour working week （a reasonable figure, leaving you 70 waking hours for other activities）．

You now have to decide how to divide the remaining 25 hours of private study．Naturally the decisions you make will change from week to week according to what essays have to be written and what reading has to be done．Many people find it helpful to draw up each week a seven-day timetable showing the occasions on which they will be working privately and the particular subjects that will be studying on each occasion．By checking such a plan at times during the week, you can see what you have done and what you have still to do: the whole plan becomes more manageable．There are a number of places where you can study—college library, public library, home, empty classrooms, on bus or train—and each has several obvious advantages and disadvantages．The college library is least busy in the evening, on Wednesday afternoon, and all day Friday and Saturday．

When you are deciding where to study, keep the following suggestions in mind:

1． Try to study always in the same place． After a while the familiar surroundings will help you to switch into the right frame of mind as soon as you sit down．

2． Find somewhere with as few distractions as possible．

3． Make sure that your study place has a good light and is warm （but not too warm ） and well aired．

1． Many new students find it hard         ．

       A． to make a good start                          B． to study efficiently

       C． to delay their reading                         D． to jump from subject to subject

2． What’s the main idea of this passage?

       A． Plan your time and organize your work．

       B． Overcome your difficulties．

       C． Be certain what you can do．

       D． Find a quiet place for study．

3． A student’s organization of his work will need to change according to         ．

       A． how many hours he is awake             B． how many subjects are required

       C． how many lectures he misses             D． what he has to write and read that week

4． A student is advised to make a weekly plan and to check it from time to time in order to  __________．

       A． see whether he has calculated it properly

       B． see what day of the week is

       C． see what work still needs doing

       D． see how he feels at the whole week

5． Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a place where you can study?

A． The bus            B．The train              C．Home                    D．A public house

6、TUVALU, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it will be swallowed up by the sea．

       Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu’s nine little islands is more than five meters above sea level．Salt water is already entering the country’s drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable．Without urgent help, the country’s days are numbered．

       But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea．Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24cm over the past 100 years．Experts say that it will have sunk another 20-50cm by 2050．A century ago, St．Mark’s Square, the lowest point city, flooded about nine times a year．Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times．While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, global warming causes Tuvalu’s rising sea level．

       The average global temperature has increased by almost 0．5 centigrade degrees over the past century; scientists expect it rise by extra 1-3 degrees over the next 100 years．

       Warmer weather makes glaciers （冰川） melt, and adds more water to the ocean．The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise． The sea level has risen about 10-25 cm in the last 100 years．

       The main cause of global warming is human pollution．Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO₂．This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer．

      Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes．The sea level could rise by one meter this century．

       Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “climate refugees” looking for somewhere to live．

1． We can infer from the second paragraph that         ．

A． Tuvalu is in danger of being swallowed up by the sea

B． all Tuvalu’s islands are about five meters above the sea level

C． drinking water in Tuvalu has been destroyed

D． Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves

2． The author uses Tuvalu and Venice as examples in order to explain       ．

A． they are the first place sinking into the sea  

       B． they are both sinking into the mud where they stand

       C． they will disappear in the future

       D． their trouble is caused by global warming

3． Put the following events in the right order．

a． Glaciers began to melt．

b． People burn coal ,oil and gas．

c． The greenhouse effect is growing．

d． The earth is getting warmer and warmer．

e． The sea level is rising．

f． More CO₂ is produced．

g． Many places are sinking into the sea．

A． d,f,b,c,a,e,g              B．b,f,c,d,e,a,g           C．f,c,b,d,a,e,g            D．b,f,c,d,a,e,g

4． What does “climate refugees” mean?

A． Climate changes．

B． Climate effect．

C． People forced away from their homeland by climate．

D． Rare animals moving from place to place for climate changes．

5． Which of the following is False according to the passage?

A． The sea level has risen about 10-25 cm in the last 100 years for warmer temperatures．

B． The average global temperature has risen by 1-3 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years．

C． The warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise．

       D． There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped．

5、When people advise your children to “get an education”, they tell you only half the truth．What they really mean is to get just enough education to give manpower for your society．

Get a high school diploma, at least．Without that, you are occupationally（職業(yè)上）dead, unless your name happens to be George Washington or Thomas Edison and you can successfully stop study in primary schools．

Get a college degree, if possible．With a BA, you should start to find a job．You have to put on the brakes now．If you do go for a master’s degree, make sure it is an MBA and only from a first-class university．Otherwise, the famous law of diminishing（報(bào)酬遞減率）begins to work．

Do you know, for example, that long-distance truck drivers make more money a year than full professors? Yes, each driver was paid $ 28,000 in 1997 while a full professor managed to get $ 27,930．

A PhD is the highest degree you can get, but except in a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry, where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial aim, you are facing a not very bright future．There are more PhDs unemployed in this country than in any other part of the world by far．

If you became a PhD in English or history or political science or languages or－worst of all －in philosophy, you take the risk of becoming over-educated for our national demands．

Thousands of PhDs are selling shoes, driving taxis, waiting on tables and filling out applications month after month, and then may be taking a job in some high school or college with the pay much less than a door-keeper makes．

1． According to the writer, society expects education to turn out people who will _________．

A． raise their payment                       B． become specialized in some field

C． get employed                             D． meet the demands as a source of manpower

2． Long-distance truck drivers make more money a year than full professors because_______．

A． the famous law of diminishing functions

B． long-distance truck drivers only get a high school diploma

C． full professors are PhDs in English or history

D． long-distance truck drivers work harder than full professors

3． If you don’t want to be occupationally dead, you __________．

A． should look for a job in a primary school

B． must at least get a high school diploma

       C． have to get as high an education as possible 

       D． should try to avoid being overeducated in philosophy

4． The underlined phrase “put on the brakes” in the 3^rd paragraph means _________．

A． stop learning for a high degree.

B． take up a master’s degree at once

C． go on studying in a first-class university

D． find any interesting job

5． We can know from the passage that __________．

A． neither George Washington or Edison finished high school

       B． there are more PhDs than the society demands

       C． the higher education you get, the more money you will earn

       D． if you are specialized in physics, you can not easily get a good job

4、1． They got lost in the desert and s________ to death．

2． The boy is too fat． His mother can’t have given him __________（平衡的） food．

3． The explorer told the boys about his a___________ in the Arctic．

4． We can’t e_________ without food or water．

5． The pond is _____________（包圍） by tall trees．

6． Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great a_____________．  

7． R__________ that passage to half the number of words．

8． He ______________ （提供消遣） us by singing songs．

9． He asked us to _____________ （調(diào)整） our watches before we started．

10． You will make a p__________ by selling now; if you wait, the price may fall．

3、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)填入詞組的適當(dāng)形式，使句子通順。

1．他剛完成了一首紀(jì)念Robert的長(zhǎng)詩(shī)。

He has just finished a poem _________ ___________ ________ Robert．

2．委員會(huì)由九名委員組成。

The committee _________ _________ 9 members．

3． 大家都以為他淹死了，但他又蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)了。

   Everyone thought he was drowned, but he _______ _________ ___________．

4． 她臉上的微笑使我們馬上輕松了。

   The smile on her face put us ________ _______ at once．

2、Walking is a popular form of exercises．It is an easy activity and offers a good way to improve physical fitness．Walking also gives many of the same benefits as other kinds of exercises．

Regular, brisk walks helps a person’s body work better．Walking builds a stronger heart and lungs．The heart pumps blood through the body．It gets more rest between beats．Walking also seems to help protect the heart from heart diseases．The lungs work better because they take in and use oxygen more effectively．Walking can help __________, too．A quick fifteen-minute walk burns as many calories as jogging the same distance in half the time．Walking causes very few injuries．So there is also a lower “dropout” rate among walkers than among runners．People are more likely to continue a walking program．This gives a better chance for success．

Walking offers some mental benefits, too．It seems to make people feel better．Many walkers say they sleep better at night when they take regular walks．Others say they have a better attitude about life．

Walking offers many of the same physical and mental benefits as other forms of exercise, but walking offers some special advantages, too．

★ Almost everyone can walk．There are no special lessons of coaching．To become a serious walker, a person only needs to walk faster, farther and more often．

★ People can walk almost anywhere．There are no special playing fields or courts for walking． Sidewalks, streets, parks, fields and malls are excellent places for walking．

★ People can walk almost anytime．A person doesn’t need a team or a partner for walking．There is no “season” for walking．Most walkers walk in all kinds of weather．

★ Walking doesn’t cost anything．There are no special fees for walking．Good walking shoes and comfortable clothes are the only equipment that a walker needs．

Walking offers a form of exercise within the reach of nearly everyone．With a little time and effort, people can rediscover a valuable form of exercise and improve their fitness．

1．What’s the best title of the passage? （within 10 words）

_____________________________________________________________________________

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Compared to running, more people can continue walking as a form of exercise．

_____________________________________________________________________________

3． Please fill in the blank in the 2^nd paragraph with proper words or phrases． （within 10 words）

_____________________________________________________________________________

4． Among the special advantages of walking, which one do you think is the most important? Why? （Within 30 words）

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5． Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．

_____________________________________________________________________________

1、假設(shè)你是李明，暑假期間在美國(guó)參加夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)，現(xiàn)已回國(guó)。在美兩周期間，你住在Johnson 夫婦家中，他們?yōu)槟闾峁┝顺�、住、行及旅游方面的幫助。�?qǐng)給他們寫(xiě)一封大約120字電子郵件。

內(nèi)容包括以下要點(diǎn)：

1．已安全到家，對(duì)他們的幫助表示感謝；

2．談?wù)勗诿榔陂g的感受；

3．希望保持聯(lián)系。

Dear Mr. and Mrs. Johnson,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Ming