3、Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of old times, while during the 15 th century the word “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the 19 th century did silent reading become a common practice.

One should be careful, however, in thinking that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud disturbs others. Research into the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual way of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

    The 19 th century saw a gradual increase in literacy （讀寫能力） and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way.

    Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its advantages, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other.

    By the end of the 19 th century, students were being advised to form their own opinions on books and to use skills in reading them which were unsuitable for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the 19 th century had greatly changed what the word “reading” implied.

1．Why was reading aloud common before the 19 th century?

    A．Few people could read for themselves.

    B．Few people knew the value of silent reading.

    C．There were few places for reading alone.

    D．Scholars enjoyed themselves by reading their own works.

2．The development of silent reading during the nineteenth century showed      .

    A．a(chǎn) change in the social position of the educated people  

    B．a(chǎn) change in the nature of reading

    C．a(chǎn)n increase in the number of newspapers

    D．a(chǎn)n increase in the people’s understanding of the mass media

3．According to the text, educators are still arguing about           .

       A．the importance of silent reading

       B．the value of information given by books

       C．the effects of reading on mental development

       D．the value of different types of reading materials

4．We can learn from the text that “the old shared literacy culture” refers to          .

       A．the practice of reading to oneself          

       B．the practice of reading aloud

       C．the reading of books and magazines      

       D．the reading of newspapers

5．What is the writer of this text attempting to do? 

    A．Show how reading methods have developed

    B．Introduce a new method of reading

    C．Remind people of oral reading in old times

    D．Encourage the growth of reading in the future.

1、此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤.對標(biāo)題號的每一行做出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊的橫線上劃（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：

此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。

I’m still a beginner in English learning; yet I hope the following    

will be advisable to you. What can we do when we meet with a new    1．       

word without knowing what it means? Turn to a dictionary and just     2．       

leave it alone? I think the best thing to do it is （to） look at the         3．       

word near it. Looking for something about this word, we’re learning     4．       

to find the clues and use the context while doing my reading.               5．       

Now, for example, it was no wind in the harbor. The sailing boat          6．       

hardly moved a bit all day. Towards evening a zephyr start up,              7．       

but it was only weak enough to get the flag on it flying a little.              8．       

What does “zephyr” mean here? Make guess, will you?                9．       

Yes, a zephyr means a very gently wind.                                            10．       

34、Let us suppose that you are in _____ position of _____ parent. Would you allow your child to do such a thing?

A. a; a             B. a; the           C. the; a            D. the; the

32、Tom and I seldom get together, but we ______ with each other frequently.

A．write           B．correspond         C．respond           D．count

31、_____ on the small island, the tower has been seriously damaged by the sea water.

A．Being lain            B．Laid           C．Being located           D．Located

30、In this workshop, the output of July was three times __________ of January.

A．that           B．this              C．one               D．it

29、Did your speech ____ the audience?     

A．get through to          B．get across to          C．get through           D．get across