計(jì)算下列各題(要寫出必要的演算步驟.)
(1)(-4a5b3)2÷(8a2b3)•(-53a2);
(2)(x+2)2-(x+3)(x-3);
(3)[(2x+1)(4x+2)-2]÷(-8x);
(4)化簡(jiǎn)、求值:[(2x-y)2+(2x+y)(2x-y)+8xy]÷2x,其中x=-3,y=2.
解:(1)(-4a5b3)2÷(8a2b3)•(-53a2),
=16a10b6÷(8a2b3)•(-53a2),
=2a8b3•(-53a2),
=-106a10b3;
(2)(x+2)2-(x+3)(x-3),
=(x2+4x+4)-(x2-9),
=x2+4x+4-x2+9,
=4x+13;
(3)[(2x+1)(4x+2)-2]÷(-8x),
=(8x2+8x+2-2)÷(-8x),
=(8x2+8x)÷(-8x),
=-x-1;
(4)[(2x-y)2+(2x+y)(2x-y)+8xy]÷2x,
=(4x2-4xy+y2+4x2-y2+8xy)÷2x,
=(8x2+4xy)÷2x,
=4x+2y,
當(dāng)x=-3,y=2時(shí),原式=4×(-3)+2×2=8.
分析:(1)先算積的乘方,再運(yùn)用整式的乘除法直接計(jì)算;
(2)運(yùn)用完全平方公式和平方差公式化簡(jiǎn)即可;
(3)先算括號(hào)里面的,再運(yùn)用多項(xiàng)式與單項(xiàng)式的除法法則進(jìn)行計(jì)算;
(4)先利用完全平方公式,平方差公式化簡(jiǎn),再代入數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算求值.
點(diǎn)評(píng):主要考查整式的混合運(yùn)算,計(jì)算時(shí)要注意符號(hào)和各種運(yùn)算法則的正確運(yùn)用.