【題目】 November 5 is World Tsunami(海嘯) Awareness Day. Tsunami is a Japanese word for a long, destructive(摧毀性的) ocean wave caused by an undersea earthquake. The goal of the anniversary is to learn from disasters(災(zāi)害) of the past and to prepare for the future. Two tsunamis in the last 15 years have changed the way people around the world think about these destructive events.

On December26, 2004, a magnitude (震級) 9 earthquake near the coast of Indonesia caused tsunami waves that struck the coasts of four countries. An estimated(估計(jì)的) 230,000 people died and costs were in the billions of dollars. Then, on March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9 earthquake struck northeastern Japan. It was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in that country. More than18,000 people died. The tsunami also caused serious damage to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power center on the island of Honshu. Several nuclear reactors(核 反應(yīng)堆) were severely(嚴(yán)重地) damaged and leaked(泄漏) radiation(輻射).

The two events caused people in the Pacific and Indian Ocean areas to study and improve preparedness for disasters. This led to the SendaiFrameworkfor DisasterRiskReductionin 2015 in Sendai, Japan. The agreement was a UN effort to raise awareness(提高意識) about disaster risks and to urge(催促) countries to assess(評估)how well they were prepared for them.

Willem Rampangilei is head of the Disaster Management Agency in Indonesia. He said Indonesia passed a law on disaster management after the 2004 tsunami. It led in 2008 to the creation of his agency. “Our responsibilities include reduction and preparedness, emergency response, as well as post-disaster recovery and reconstruction(重新建設(shè)),” he said. He added that 150 million Indonesians were at risk from earthquakes, 60 million from floods and four million from tsunamis.

Preparedness has spread beyond Asia. There are now early warning systems in place for the Caribbean Sea, the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and surrounding(周圍的) areas.

【1】What does the underlined word mean in the passage?

A.Knowledge.B.Preparation.

C.Day of remembrance.D.Change.

【2】What do we learn from the second paragraph?

A.Natural disasters are too powerful for people to survive.

B.Earthquakes and tsunamis often take place on islands.

C.Nuclear reactors can be safe even if damaged in an earthquake.

D.Natural disasters can cause great losses to humans.

【3】One of the aims of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction is .

A.to reduce the damage caused by disasters.

B.to make people know more about disaster risks.

C.to help people get away from disasters.

D.to help with the reconstruction after the disaster.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】B

【解析】

這篇短文主要講述了海嘯的相關(guān)知識，并指出氣象局可以檢測海嘯發(fā)生，并給人李偉語境。

【1】詞句猜測。根據(jù)下文“to learn from disasters(災(zāi)害) of the past and to prepare for the future.”可知，紀(jì)念日的目的是向過去的災(zāi)難學(xué)習(xí)，為將來做準(zhǔn)備�？芍衔闹�anniversary的意思是“紀(jì)念日”。Knowledge.知識；Preparation. 準(zhǔn)備；Day of remembrance紀(jì)念日；Change改變。

根據(jù)題意，故選C。

【2】段落大意。根據(jù)文中“On December26, 2004, a magnitude (震級) 9 earthquake near the coast of Indonesia caused tsunami waves that struck the coasts of four countries.” 2004年12月26日，印度尼西亞海岸附近發(fā)生里氏9級地震，引發(fā)海嘯，襲擊了4個國家的海岸。及“Then, on March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9 earthquake struck northeastern Japan. It was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in that country.” 隨后，2011年3月11日，日本東北部發(fā)生里氏9級地震。這是那個國家有史以來最強(qiáng)烈的地震�？芍径沃饕v述了自然災(zāi)害會給人類造成巨大損失。故選D。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中“This led to the SendaiFrameworkfor DisasterRiskReductionin 2015 in Sendai, Japan. The agreement was a UN effort to raise awareness(提高意識) about disaster risks and to urge(催促) countries to assess(評估)how well they were prepared for them.”可知，仙臺減少災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)框架的目標(biāo)之一是使人們更多地了解災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。

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