Question

【題目】 To wear or not to wear masks？

In the West, people are taught to wear masks only when they get sick. Masks are seen as a tool to protect sick people and prevent the disease from spreading, so healthy people don’t need to wear them. Therefore, during the novel coronavirus outbreak, overseas Chinese students said that they would be “stared at like a virus spreader” if they go out with a mask.

In Asian countries like China and Japan, there has been a long tradition of mask-wearing. In China, for example, when doctor Wu Liande invented the modern medical mask during the pneumonic plague (肺鼠疫) in 1910, the mask became a symbol of China’s position as a modern, scientific nation, according to Scottish medical anthropologist (人類學(xué)家) Christos Lynteris.The 2003 SARS epidemic again led to the wide use of masks as a form of anti-viral protection in China and elsewhere in East Asia.

In Japan, wearing masks has long been seen as a manner to reassure others when one catches a cold or flu. Some Japanese also turn masks into fashion accessories (配飾), with different colors and patterns to match their clothes. Wearing masks is also a way to “hide” for young women when they don’t have their makeup on.

In more collectivist cultures in Asia, wearing masks might also be a symbol of solidarity during the outbreak, according to Lynteris. “Mask culture in Asia creates a sense of a fate shared, common obligation and civic duty.” People wear masks “to show that they want to stick together” in the face of danger, Lynteris wrote.

【1】Why don't healthy people in the West wear masks?

A.They don't think masks can prevent disease.B.They think masks are for sick people to wear.

C.Only medical workers need to wear masks.D.Wearing a mask looks funny.

【2】Masks have been widely used in China since _____.

A.the invention of the modern medical maskB.the pneumonic plague in 1910

C.Christos Lynteris wore one publiclyD.the outbreak of SARS in 2003

【3】What does Lynteris mean in the last paragraph?

A.People have no sense of duty if they don’t wear masks.

B.Mask culture creates a sense of collective obligation.

C.Asian people are more united in the face of danger.

D.We are a community with a shared future for mankind.

【4】The purpose of the story is to _____.

A.explain why Westerners don’t wear masks

B.prove the importance of wearing masks during an epidemic

C.how opinions about masks differ between different countries

D.explain the history of masks

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

這篇短文講述了戴不戴口罩這個問題，在西方，人們只有生病時才戴口罩；而在像中國和日本這樣的亞洲國家，戴口罩的傳統(tǒng)由來已久。因此當(dāng)新冠病毒爆發(fā)期間，中國留學(xué)生們說，如果他們戴口罩出門，就會像“病毒傳播者”一樣被盯著看。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段“In the West, people are taught to wear masks only when they get sick. Masks are seen as a tool to protect sick people and prevent the disease from spreading, so healthy people don’t need to wear them.”可知，在西方，人只有在生病的時候才戴口罩，健康的人不戴口罩。故選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段“The 2003 SARS epidemic again led to the wide use of masks as a form of anti-viral protection in China and elsewhere in East Asia.”可知，2003年的非典疫情導(dǎo)致口罩在中國和東亞其他地區(qū)廣泛使用。故選D。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段““Mask culture in Asia creates a sense of a fate shared, common obligation and civic duty.” People wear masks “to show that they want to stick together” in the face of danger, Lynteris wrote.”可知，Lynteris認(rèn)為亞洲的口罩文化創(chuàng)造了一種命運(yùn)共擔(dān)、共同義務(wù)和公民義務(wù)的感覺。B選項(xiàng)“口罩文化創(chuàng)造了一種集體責(zé)任感”符合文意，故選B。

【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文意和短文標(biāo)題“To wear or not to wear masks”可知，這篇短文介紹了不同文化對戴口罩的不同看法，C選項(xiàng)“不同國家對口罩的看法有何不同”概括了文章的大意，故選C。

這是一篇說明文，短文介紹了不同文化對佩戴口罩的不同看法。文章主題明確，內(nèi)容貼近現(xiàn)實(shí)生活，篇幅稍長，有部分長難句和生詞，在理解上有一些難度。題型是閱讀理解，題目設(shè)置了細(xì)節(jié)理解題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)題較簡單，答案常可以直接在原文找到，注意兩個步驟：關(guān)鍵詞和定位。即從題干中尋找關(guān)鍵詞，利用關(guān)鍵詞鎖定文章相關(guān)語句。如第2小題，題干中的關(guān)鍵詞就是widely used in China，可以迅速定位到答案所在的句子。第3小題也是細(xì)節(jié)題，但要稍難一些，因?yàn)樗�的答案并不是直接用原文的句子表述的，而是換了一種表達(dá)方法，這就需要學(xué)生們在定位了相關(guān)語句之后，進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的理解，并比對選項(xiàng)作答。