1.A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反壟斷)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.A century ago,the resource in question was oil.Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨頭)that deal in data,the oil of the digital age.The most valuable firms are Googole,Amazon,F(xiàn)acebook and Microsoft.All look unstoppable.
      Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up.But size alone is not a crime,The giants'success has benefited consumers.Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery,F(xiàn)ar from charging consumers high prices,many of these services are free (users pay,in effect,by handing over yet more data).And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves,too.
      But there is cause for concern.The internet has made data abundant,all-present and far more valuable,changing the nature of data and competition.Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better.But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services:translation and visual recognition,to be sold to other companies.Internet companies'control of data gives them enormous power.So they have a"God's eye view"of activities in their own markets and beyond.
      This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful.Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves:in time,one of them would become great again.A rethink is required-and as a new approach starts to become apparent,two ideas stand out.
      The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st century.When considering a merger(兼并),for example,they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in.They now need to take into account the extent of firms'data assets(資產(chǎn)) when assessing the impact of deals.The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-borm threat.When this takes place,especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of,the regulators should raise red flags.
      The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it.Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data,with users'consent.
      Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy.But if governments don't wants a data oconomy by a few giants,they must act soon.

61.Why is there a call to break up giants?A
A.They have controlled the data market.
B.They collect enormous private data.
C.They no longer provide free services.
D.They dismissed some new-born giants.
62.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?C
A.Data giants'technology is very expensive.
B.Google's idea is popular among data firms.
C.Data can strengthen giants'controlling position.
D.Data can be turned into new services or products.
63.By paying attention to firms'data assets,antitrust regulators couldB.
A.kill a new threat
B.a(chǎn)void the size trap
C.favour bigger firms
D.charge higher prices
64.What is the purpose of loosening the giants'control of data?D
A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.
B.Governments could relieve their financial pressure.
C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.
D.Small companies could get more opportunities.

分析 本文是一篇經(jīng)濟類閱讀,文章主要介紹了現(xiàn)在的一些科技巨頭,如谷歌,控制了數(shù)據(jù)市場,這讓人們很擔(dān)憂.但把像谷歌這樣的公司分成五個小公司,它們不會停止自我改造:隨著時間的推移,它們中的某一個會再次強大起來.為了達(dá)到上述的情況,有兩個方法:1、合并公司時需要考慮公司的數(shù)據(jù)資產(chǎn)以及收購價格;2、放松科技巨頭的數(shù)據(jù)控制.

解答 ACBD
61.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up.可知這種情況導(dǎo)致了科技巨頭被打壓的呼聲."Such situations"指代第一段的"Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants(巨頭)that deal in data,the oil of the digital age."科技巨頭控制了數(shù)據(jù)市場,這讓人們很擔(dān)心.故選A.
62.C 理解判斷題.根據(jù)第三段"Internet companies'control of data gives them enormous power.So theyhave a"God's eye view"of activities in their own markets and beyond."可知,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司對數(shù)據(jù)的掌控使得它們擁有了很大的權(quán)力,說明數(shù)據(jù)會加強大公司的統(tǒng)治地位,故選C. 
63.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段When considering amerger(兼并),they have traditionally used size todetermine when to step in.They now need to take intoaccount the extent of firms'data assets(資產(chǎn)) whenassessing the impact of deals.可知在反壟斷監(jiān)管機構(gòu)考慮公司兼并時,他們傳統(tǒng)上通過公司規(guī)模大小來決定何時介入.評估交易的影響時,他們需要把公司的數(shù)據(jù)資產(chǎn)考慮在內(nèi).由此可知,通過關(guān)注公司的數(shù)據(jù)資產(chǎn),反壟斷監(jiān)管機構(gòu)可以避免規(guī)模陷阱.故選B.
64.D 細(xì)節(jié)判斷題.根據(jù)第四段Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves:in time,one of them would become great again.A rethink is required-and as a new approach starts to become apparent,two ideas stand out.可知把像谷歌這樣的公司分成五個小公司,它們不會停止自我改造:隨著時間的推移,它們中的某一個會再次強大起來.為了達(dá)到上述的情況,有兩個方法:1、合并公司時需要考慮公司的數(shù)據(jù)資產(chǎn)以及收購價格;2、放松科技巨頭的數(shù)據(jù)控制.由此可知,通過放松科技巨頭的數(shù)據(jù)控制,小公司可以獲得更多的機會,變得強大起來.故選D.

點評 本文考察學(xué)生的理解推斷能力以及細(xì)心程度,只要抓住文章的關(guān)鍵詞,采用尋讀的方法查找細(xì)節(jié),就能找到正確答案.

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