【題目】Bendable wings covered with overlapping (重疊部分) pieces looking like fish scales could be used to build more controllable, fuelefficient aircraft, a new study finds.

Nowadays, conventional aircraft typically rely on ailerons (副翼) to help control the way the planes tilt (傾斜) as they fly. However, when the Wright brothers flew the first airplane, Flyer 1, over a century ago, they used no ailerons but wires that pulled and stretched the woodandcanvas wings, to control the plane.

“Scientists have long sought to develop aircraft that can change their wings during flight, just as birds can. However, most previous attempts have failed because they relied on heavy mechanical control structures within the wings. These structures were also complex and unreliable，” said Neil Gershenfeld, a physicist and director of the Centre for Bits and Atoms at MIT.

The new wing consists of a system of tiny, strong and lightweight modules (組件). The shape of the wing can be changed uniformly along its length using two small motors, which apply a twisting pressure to each wingtip. These wings are covered in “skins” of overlapping strips of flexible material like fish scales. These strips move across each other as the wings change themselves, providing a smooth outer surface, the researchers explained.

Wind tunnel tests of these wings showed that they at least matched the aerodynamic (氣動) properties of conventional wings, at about onetenth the weight. “Initial tests using remotely piloted aircraft made with these wings have shown great promise，” said Benjamin Jenett, a graduate student at the Centre for Bits and Atoms at MIT.

The new modular structures the scientists developed could be manufactured quickly in mass quantities and then installed by teams of small robots. These modular structures also can be disassembled more easily, making repairs simpler.

“Still, the first aircraft built using this strategy will not be a passenger jet，” Gershenfeld said. “Instead, the technology will likely first be tested on unmanned aircrafts, leading to aircrafts flying for a long time, to help deliver Internet access or medicine to remote villages.”

【1】Why is the Wright brothers' airplane mentioned in the text?

A. To show the history of aircrafts.

B. To show the development of wings.

C. To show the need to improve planes.

D. To show the structure of conventional planes.

【2】What makes planes fly like birds when they tilt?

A. Their ailerons. B. Wires and pulleys.

C. Changeable wings. D. Mechanical control structures.

【3】What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A. The shape of the new wings.

B. The purpose of the overlapping strips.

C. The working principle of the new wings.

D. The result of windtunnel tests of these wings.

【4】What does the underlined word “disassemble” mean in Paragraph 6?

A. Replace. B. Analyze.

C. Put away. D. Take apart.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】本文是一篇說明文，講述了一種可以改變形狀的機(jī)翼，能讓飛機(jī)像鳥一樣飛翔。

【1】推理判斷題。文章講到了一種新型的機(jī)翼，還講到了一種傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)翼以及萊特兄弟的第一架飛機(jī)的機(jī)翼，這說明了機(jī)翼的發(fā)展變化過程。故選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段講到，傳統(tǒng)的飛機(jī)安裝了副翼以適應(yīng)飛機(jī)傾斜時(shí)的飛行。接著第三段講到科學(xué)家一直在研究能改變形狀讓飛機(jī)像鳥一樣飛行的機(jī)翼�？芍筛淖冃螤畹臋C(jī)翼能讓飛機(jī)像鳥一樣飛行。故選A。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段講的是這種機(jī)翼的構(gòu)成、飛行時(shí)機(jī)翼的變化以及變化的原因。這就是這種新型的機(jī)翼的工作原理。選C。

【4】詞義猜測題。前文講到這種新的組合式的結(jié)構(gòu)很容易生產(chǎn)和安裝。據(jù)此可知，文章接下來講到，這種結(jié)構(gòu)也很容易拆解。故disassemble意為“拆解”。故選D。

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