4.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞.
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
           2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分.
As is known,that it is interesting to teach child to swim while they are still babies.Most large towns in Florida and California had already run particularly lessons for babies.The idea has quickly spread to Europe which,in several countries,special courses are now offered children who are from 7 to 24 months old.The first step is to have the child get rid of the fear with water.Next,he is teaching to float in water.Unless he can do that naturally and can swim without fear,the child can master the technique and push him forward through water.

分析 本文主要介紹了:在佛羅里達州和加利福尼亞州的大多數(shù)大城鎮(zhèn)為嬰兒開設(shè)專門的課程的影響下,歐洲一些國家為7到24個月大的嬰兒開設(shè)專門的游泳課的情況.

解答 As is known,that it is interesting to teach child to swim
while they are still babies.Most large towns in Florida and
Californiahadalready run particularly lessons for babies.
The idea has quickly spread to Europe which,in several countries,
special courses are now offered∧children who are from 7 to 24
months old.The first step is to havethechild get rid of the fear
withwater.Next,he is teaching to float in water.Unless he can
do that naturally and can swim without fear,the child can master
the technique and push him forward through water.
詳解:
1.去掉that    考查連詞   由于as本身就是連詞,所以其后的主句不能用連詞連接;故去掉that.
2.had 改為have   考查時態(tài)    根據(jù)上下文都使用了一般現(xiàn)在時可知,此處表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或造成的結(jié)果,所以這里應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時;故將have.
3.particularly改為particular  考查形容詞   此處用來修飾名詞lessons,故用形容詞particular.
4.which改為where   考查關(guān)系副詞   本句為定語從句,由于先行詞Europe在該從句中作地點狀語,故用關(guān)系副詞where.
5.在offered之后加to   考查固定短語  be offered to sb.意為:被提供給某人;故在offered之后加to.   
6.the 改為a    考查不定冠詞   此處用在單數(shù)名詞child之前,表示泛指一個孩子;故用不定冠詞a.
7.with改為of    考查介詞   with表示附帶、一起的意思;而of側(cè)重修飾前面名詞的屬性、特征等; 此處指的是:…的恐懼;故用of.
8.teaching改為taught  考查被動語態(tài)    由于主語he與動詞teach構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,所以本句應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài);故用taught.
9.Unless改為Once    考查句意理解以及從屬連詞   本句的意思是:一旦他能自然地做到這一點,并可以毫不恐懼地游泳,這樣孩子就可以掌握技能并在水中推動自己前行了;此處用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,意為:一旦;unless意為:除非,如果不;故用Once.
10.him改為himself   考查反身代詞     此處在句中作賓語,強調(diào)的是他自己;故用himself

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學(xué)生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯詞.常見的錯誤有:1 詞法錯誤,主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時,需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調(diào)句等錯誤.解答此類試題時,需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下,進行作答.

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