Question

12．There are two dangers to be guarded against in old age．One of these is undue （過(guò)度的） absorption in the past．There is no need to live in memories，in regrets for the good old days，or in sadness about friends who are dead．One's thoughts must be directed to the future，and to things about which there is something to be done．
    It is unwise to be too attached to the youth in hopes of sucking vigor from their vitality （活力）．When your children have grown up，they want to live their own lives，and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young，you are likely to become a burden to them，unless they are cold to you．
    I think a successful old age is easier for those who have strong impersonal interests involving proper activities．It is no use telling children not to make mistakes，both because they will not believe you，and because mistakes are an essential part of education．But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests，and you only concern yourself with your children and grandchildren，then you must realize that while you can stil lrenderthem material services，such as making them an allowance，you must not expect that they will enjoy your company．
    Some old people are afraid of death．But in fact the best way is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal．An individual human existence should be like a river-small at first，rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls．Gradually the river grows wider and the banks move back and in the end they become merged （混和） in the sea without any visible break．
  The old man who can see life in this way will not suffer from the fear of growing old and death．
45．One of the dangers to be guarded against in old age isB．
A．the fear of getting old      
B．to be lost in old memories
C．to depend on themselves    
D．to be too impersonal
46．The author suggests that old people shouldA．
A．develop impersonal interests with proper activities 
B．tell their children not to make mistakes
C．concern themselves with their children           
D．not give their children an allowance
47．The underlined word"render"in Paragraph 3 probably means"C"．
A．return      B．reward    C．give D．demand
48．The author compares an individual human existence to a river becauseC．
A．life is like a river，first small，and then it becomes wide
B．life is like a river finally flowing into the sea and disappearing
C．old age and death are both natural，just like a river
D．people get old and finally die naturally like a river
49．What's the main topic of this passage？B
A．Never be afraid of death．B．How to grow old successfully．
C．Never be afraid of getting old．D．Getting old is natural．

Answer 1

分析 文章講的是老人不應(yīng)該沉浸在過(guò)去的日子里，不能活在記憶里，不能總是為過(guò)去的事情后悔，為逝去的老朋友悲傷．而應(yīng)該活在現(xiàn)在．另外老人不要太依賴(lài)年輕人，要建立自己的興趣愛(ài)好，建立良好的死亡觀．

解答 45．B：細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第一段One of these is undue （過(guò)度的） absorption in the past．There is no need to live in memories，in regrets for the good old days，or in sadness about friends who are dead．可知年老時(shí)需要提防的危險(xiǎn)之一是不要完全迷失在過(guò)去的記憶中，故選B．
46．A：細(xì)節(jié)理解題．第三段第一句話(huà) I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities．我認(rèn)為一個(gè)人能做到對(duì)合適的活動(dòng)很有興趣，那么，他就極易享有成功的晚年．故選A．
47．C：語(yǔ)義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)第三段then you must realize that while you can stil lrenderthem material services，such as making them an allowance，you must not expect that they will enjoy your company．可知你需要意識(shí)到即使你可以為他們提供一些物質(zhì)幫助，例如給他們些錢(qián)或者替他們織件毛衣，render應(yīng)該是提供的意思．所以選C．
48．C：推理判斷題．看最后兩段，An individual human existence should be like a river-small at fist，rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls．Gradually the river grows wider and the banks move back and in the end they become mixed in the sea without any visible break．The old man who can see life in this way will not suffer from the fear of growing old and death．人的存在應(yīng)當(dāng)像是河流--最初涓涓細(xì)流，歡快的穿過(guò)巖石，跨越瀑布．漸漸的，河道變寬，兩岸后退，河水也安靜下來(lái)．最終，沒(méi)有任何停留的跡象，融入大海．能夠這樣看待生命的人年老時(shí)就不會(huì)為死亡而恐懼．從這段話(huà)可知，作者想讓大家明白，人的存在和河流的流動(dòng)一樣，非常自然．故選C．
49．B：主旨大意題．從全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講的就是老人該怎樣調(diào)整心態(tài)，怎樣安度晚年，故選B．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力．做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確選擇．在做推理判斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．