4.The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and for the environment.Those findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David Tilman is a professor at the University of Minnesota.In the study,he examined information from 100nations to show what people ate and how diet affected health.Mr.Tilman noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized(工業(yè)化),population increased and earnings rose.More people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.The Western diet is high in sugar,fat,oil and meat.By eating these foods,people began to get fatter and sicker.
"The food,let us say,in the 15 richest nations of the world,right now contains about 400or 500extra calories(熱量) a day that are eaten beyond what people need,and that leads people to gain weight."
David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases like diabetes,heart disease and some cancers.Diabetes is shooting to very high rates in the United States and across Europe.Heart disease is a major cause of death in the Western nations.Unfortunately when people become industrialized,if they adopt this Western diet,they are going to have these same health problems.
A diet bad for human beings,it seems,is also bad for the environment.As the world's population grows,experts say more forests and areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for raising cattle.These areas will be needed to meet the increasing demand for food.
Mr.Tilman calls the link between diet,the environment and human health,"a dilemma",a situation where it is very difficult to decide what to do.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.
53.Why did people get fatter in the 1960s?A.
A.They ate foods high in calories.
B.They adopted a western lifestyle.
C.They set aside little time for exercise.
D.They had a better life and became lazier.
54.According to the text,overweight people may suffer the following diseases EXCEPTB.
A.diabetes
B.skin disease
C.cancers
D.heart disease
55.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?B.
A.To tell people effective ways to keep healthy.
B.To call on people to give up the Western diet.
C.To show the problems industrialized nations are facing.
D.To draw people's attention to environmental protection.
分析 本文主要講述了隨著全球化進(jìn)程進(jìn)一步加快,西方的飲食習(xí)慣也層層逼近世界的每一個角落,它是否對我們的飲食健康或者環(huán)境造成影響呢?這篇文章就做了詳細(xì)的介紹.
解答 53.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段:The Western diet is high in sugar,fat,oil and meat.By eating these foods,people began to get fatter and sicker可知20世紀(jì)60年代的人們吃高熱量的食物導(dǎo)致他們變胖;故選A.
54.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段:David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases like diabetes,heart disease and some cancers可知超重的人可能患有糖尿病,癌癥和心臟;只有B沒有提到,故選B.
55.B.寫作意圖題.綜合全文,尤其是根據(jù)文章最后一段的最后一句可知,西方飲食有害健康,不利于環(huán)境,故作者是想通過該文讓人們警惕西方飲食帶來的危害,讓讀者放棄西方飲食;故選B.
點(diǎn)評 本文是人物故事類閱讀理解.做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù)