Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers fried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921. The British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland. In the north, is part of the united kingdom. The republic of Ireland. In the south. Is an independent country.
In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes ,was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of bunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work , forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly, Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”, Since independence, Ireland has revived(復(fù)興) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different are as have different styles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
小題1:what does the author tell us in paragraph 1 ?
A．how the Irish fought against the English.
B．how Ireland gained independence.
C．how English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.
D．how two ”Irelands” came into being.
小題2:we learn from the text that in Ireland____________.
A．food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population
B．people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside
C．it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker
D．different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments
小題3:the last paragraph is mainly about____________.
A．the Irish character
B．Irish culture
C．Irish musical instruments
D．a(chǎn) famous Irish writer
小題4:what can be the best title for the text?
A．Life in IrelandB．A very difficult history
C．Ireland, past and presentD．the independence of Ireland

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:B
小題4:C
文章介紹了愛爾蘭的過去與現(xiàn)在，文化與歷史。
小題1:段落大意題。第一段正是告訴我們兩個(gè)愛爾蘭是如何形成的。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段第1行In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes ,was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of bunger.
小題3:段落大意題。通讀全段可知文章最后一段是關(guān)于愛爾蘭的文化。
小題4:主旨大意題。通讀全文可知文章介紹了愛爾蘭的過去與現(xiàn)在。他的形成，以及在歷史上受到的苦難和它的文化。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

From the beginning of human history, wild animals provided food, clothing and sometimes medicine. We may not depend so much on wild animals now. But we hear about them every day. Americans use the names of animals in many ways. Automobile manufacturers (制造商) and gasoline companies especially like to use big cats to sell their products. They like lions, tigers and wildcats. When Americans say wildcat, they usually mean a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat. All these cats attack quickly and fiercely. So wildcats represent something fast and fierce.
An early American use of the word wildcat was quite different. It was used to describe members of Congress who declared war on Britain in 1812. A magazine of that year said the wildcat congressmen went home. It said they were unable to face the responsibility of having involved their country in an unnecessary war.
Wildcat also has been used as a name for money. At that time, some states permitted banks to make their own money. One bank in the state of Michigan offered paper money with a picture of a wildcat on it. Some banks, however, did not have enough gold to support all the paper money they offered. So the money had little or no value. It was called a wildcat bill or a wildcat bank note.
The banks which offered this money were called wildcat banks. A newspaper of the time said those were the days of wildcat money. It said a man might be rich in the morning and poor by night.
Wildcat then was used for an oil well or gold mine that had almost no oil or gold in it. Dishonest developers would buy such property. Then they would sell it and leave town with the money. The buyers were left with worthless holes in the ground. Today, wildcat oil wells are in areas that are not known to have oil.
小題1:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Wildcats and their stories. B．Wildcats and their characters.
C．Varieties of animal species.D．Relationship between animals and humans.
小題2:From the passage we can know that ______.
A．wildcats represent the state of Michigan.
B．the use of wildcats was not always the same
C．wildcats are the best friend of human beings
D．honest developers never buy wildcat oil wells
小題3:The underlined words “a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat”in Paragraph 1 may refer to ______.
A．gasoline companiesB．a(chǎn)utomobile manufacturers
C．names of wildcatsD．brands of automobile
小題4:It can be inferred that during the days of wildcat money ______.
A．people couldn’t buy anything with the money
B．people didn’t know how to save money
C．the rich invested too much on oil wells
D．people complained and suffered a lot

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

No one can believe that the over 6,300-kilometer Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty ,is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “ great “ mostly because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall,it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221BC----206BC), and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu, because they have been open to tourists for many years. But those sections far away from the public eyes have been almost forgotten.
Few local people knew the 3—meter—high walls made of earth and stones beside them are parts of the Great Wall. The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.
The bricks on the Great Wall are carried off by countryside people to build their houses,sheep corrals and pigsties. Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as remembrances. The rubbish is spread over the battlements. The brick can be sold 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Wall but also dug out the entire base.
It is necessary to protect the Great Wall. First of all, the officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nation’s great civilization and learn to love it.
小題1:Why does the writer say the Great Wall might disappear?
A．It is useless from now on.
B． It is too old to be used again.
C． It will be replaced by a new one.
D． Some parts of it are being destroyed.
小題2:The underlined part “ those sections far away from the public eyes “( in Para. 2 ) refers to the parts of the Great Wall______________.
A．nobody can watch.
B．that are too far to be seen.
C．that are too difficult to find.
D．that are not well-known to the public.
小題3: What’s the main reason of the Great Wall being destroyed?
A．The local people sell the bricks for a living.
B．The local people are short of culture knowledge.
C．The local people think that the Great Wall is not important.
D．The local people need bricks and stones to build houses.
小題4: Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A．How to Protect the Great Wall.
B．How the Great Wall came into being.
C．The Great Wall Being Rebuilt.
D．The Great Wall Being in Danger.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

At present time, roller skating (滑旱冰) is easy and fun. But many years ago, it wasn’t easy at all. Before 1750, people never tried skating on wheels. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlin’s work was making instruments (工具). In his free time he liked to play the violin. Merlin was a man with many ideas and many dreams. People called him a dreamer.
One day Merlin received an invitation to go to an important party. He was very pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think. He wanted to find a way to make a wonderful entrance at the party. Merlin had an idea. He thought that he would attract a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.
Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll (滾動(dòng)). Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skate shoes. Merlin was very proud of them. He dreamed of arriving at the party and skating into the room while playing the violin. He was sure that everyone would be very surprised.
On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room, playing his violin. Everyone was really surprised to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skating. He rolled on, playing the violin. Then, with all eyes on him, Merlin hit into a huge mirror on the wall. The mirror broke into many pieces with a very loud noise.
Nobody forgot Merlin’s wonderful entrance after that.
小題1:The first paragraph tells us that people began to skate on wheels from 1750 because _______.
A．it is very easy
B．it is very exciting
C．Joseph Merlin’s instruments
D．it is very popular
小題2:People called Merlin a dreamer because ___________.         .
A．he slept and dreamed a lot
B．he was full of different ideas and dreams
C．he invented the first roller skates
D．he always made people’s dreams come true
小題3:___________ made Merlin think of skating on wheels.
A．Merlin’s workB．Merlin’s violin
C．A huge mirrorD．An important party
小題4:What was Merlin’s problem after he rolled into the room?
A．He couldn’t stop his roller-skating.
B．He couldn’t attract a lot of attention.
C．Everyone was surprised at him.
D．He couldn’t play the violin while rolling.
小題5:What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Joseph Merlin’s Story
B．How Roller Skating Was Invented
C．A Surprising Entrance to the Party
D．Violin and roller skating

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Before Nicholas Clapp got there, he had half hoped that he might run into some of Ubar’s ruins sticking(凸出) out of the sand. But finding the city wasn’t that easy. During the summer, he and his 40 helpers dug at 35 different spots. The only things they found were ground spiders, giant ticks, and deadly snakes.
Just before Thanksgiving says Clapp, “We were within a whisker of total failure.”
But then Clapp’s team looked at the high-tech maps again and saw something surprising. Many of the caravan routes(沙漠商隊(duì)路線)on the high-tech maps came together on the same spot marked “Omani Marketplace” on Ptolomy’s map. Two maps, made almost 2000 years apart, pointed the team toward the same area!
In December 1991, Clapp arrived at the spot where, according to the maps, the caravans met. Clapp had a handheld instrument that could detect(探測(cè)) objects below the ground. It showed ruins under the sand! He and his team started digging. And then they found it! A tower buried in the sand. They slowly unearthed a giant, eight-sided fortress(堡壘). It had nine towers and many rooms. People had lived in this fortress 2000 years ago. Outside its walls, they had found buried remains of nearly 40 campsites. They seemed to be camping areas for traders(商人). 
More digging found shards, or pieces of pottery(陶瓷) from ancient Rome, Greece, China, Egypt, and Syria. Diggers and scientists agree that people were here for about 5000 years. Clapp and his team were excited as they continued to discover more pieces of the past that seemed to prove that it was the lost city of Ubar.
“We started with this hopeless myth(神秘),” says Clapp, “and then finally found the truth behind the myth.” But is this unearthed site really the once-great Ubar? Experts aren’t totally persuaded.
Donald Whitcomb is an archeologist(考古學(xué)家) at the University of Chicago. He doubts that Clapp really discovered Ubar. “There’s probably some truth to this myth,” he says. “But Ubar is described as a place with walls all made of gold, and the rubies and emeralds(寶石).” No gold or precious stones have been found by Clapp.
“I’m not sure whether they discovered Ubar because I’m not sure if Ubar really existed,” Whitcomb says.
小題1:The following statements are true according to the reading EXCEPT_____.
A．Clapp made this discovery with the help of caravan routes on the maps
B．Clapp made this discovery with the help of some high technology
C．Clapp was not sure that he had found Ubar
D．Donald Whitcomb was not sure if Clapp had found Ubar
小題2:Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part?
A．We were ready for any failure
B．We were on the point of giving up hopes
C．We would never stop digging though there was difficulty.
D．We decided that we had failed to find Ubar.
小題3:It can be inferred from the reading that Nicholas Clapp is _____
A．a(chǎn) person of courage
B．a(chǎn) person of determination
C．a(chǎn) very young person
D．a(chǎn) person who is good for nothing

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all.
We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors.
It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage（野人） is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but because it has won, it had been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might（權(quán)利） is right.
小題1:The author thinks that the conquerors and generals and soldiers ________.
A．only appear glorious in history books
B．a(chǎn)re greater than any other people
C．a(chǎn)re not as great as described in history books
D．do not really help civilization forward
小題2:As it is indicated in the passage, the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier is put on the highest pillars in the great cities of the world mainly because ________.
A．people respect them very much
B．they fought bravely to protect their cities
C．people think they fought too brutally（野蠻地）
D．they conquered many cities and countries
小題3:What is the writer’s attitude towards the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries ?
A．Positive.B．Critical.C．Ironic.D．Respectful.
小題4:The author says that civilized people________.
A．should not have any quarrels to settle
B．should not fight when there are no quarrels to settle
C．should settle their quarrels without fighting
D．should settle their quarrels by killing the other side

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services.People use money to buy food, furniture,books,bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. When they work, they usually get paid in money.
Most of the money today is made of metal(金屬) or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells.
Shells were not the only things used as money. In China , cloth and knives were used. In the Phillipine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks,monkey tails and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.
The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in  the centre.People strung(串聯(lián))them together and carried them from place to place.
Different countries have used different metals  and designs for their money. The first coins in England were made of tin(錫).Sweden and Russia used copper(銅)to make their money. Later some countries began to make coins of gold and silver.
But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. The first paper money looked more like note from one person to another than the paper money used today.
Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.
小題1:The main use of money is that _________.
A．people use it to buy things to eat
B．people accept money only in exchange for clothes
C．people accept money in exchange for goods and service
D．people will accept money for giving our goods to others
小題2:What did the first Chinese metal coins look like?
A．They had square hole in the centre.
B．They were just like shells.
C．They were round like the moon.
D．They were round with a square hole in the centre.
小題3:Who thought of a way to use paper money first?
A．The ChineseB．The Russian
C．The SwedenD．The English men
小題4:The best title of this passage should be ________.
A．The Chinese moneyB．The history of money
C．Some things about moneyD．What is money

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In this voyage I visited my new colony on the island, saw the Spaniards(西班牙人), had the whole story of their lives and of the villains(罪犯) I left there; how at first they treated the poor Spaniards badly,·how they afterwards agreed, disagreed, unired, separated, and how at last the Spaniards were forced to use violence with them; how they gave in to the spaniards, how honestly the Spaniards used them ---- a history, if it were entered into, as full of variety and wonderful accidents as my own part ---- particularly, also, as to their battles with the Caribbeans, who landed several times upon the Island, and as to the improvement they made upon the Island itself, and how five of them made an attempt upon the main land, and brought away eleven men and five women prisoners, by which, at my coming, I found about twenty young children on the Island.
Here I stayed bout 20 days, left them supplies of all necessary things, and particularly of arms, powder, shot, cloths, tools, and two workmen, which I brought from England with me, namely a carpenter and a smith.
Besides this, I shared the Island into parts with them, reserved to myself the property of whole  but gave them such parts resoeetively as they agreed on; and having settled all things with them and encouraged them not to leave the place, I left them there.
From then on I landed the Brazils, from where I sent a bark, which I bought there, with more people to the island; and in it, besides other supplies, I sent seven women, being such persons as I found proper for service, or for wives to such as would take them. As to the Englishmen, I promised them to send them some women from England, with a good cargo(船貨) of necessaries, if they would apply themselves to planting ---- which I afterwards could not perform. And the fellows proved very honest and diligent after they were mastered and had their properties set apart for them. I sent them also from the Brazils five cows, three of them being big with calf, some sheep, and some pigs, which when I came again were considerably increased.
But all these things, with an account how 300 Caribbeans came and invaded(入侵) them, and ruined their plantations, and how they fought with that whole number twice, and were at first defeated, and one of them killed; but at last a storm destroying most of their enemies’ boats, they destroyed almost all the rest, and renewed and recovered the possession of their plantation, and still lived upon the Island.
All these things, with some very surprising incidents in some new adventures of my own,  for ten years more, I may perhaps give a further account of the story.
小題1:From Paragraph l, we know _______ .
A．the Spaniards were always getting along well with the villains
B．the Spaniards were always the rulers of the island
C．the Spaniards and the villains both ruled the island peacefully
D．the Spaniards and the villains once had battles witll each other
小題2:In Paragraph 2, the place where I stayed was probably ________.
A．a(chǎn) wild islandB．a(chǎn) deserted downtown
C．a(chǎn) primitive supermarketD．a(chǎn) new city
小題3:The underlined word “respectively” in the third paragraph probably means ______ .
A．separatelyB．particularlyC．specially D．surprisingly
小題4:The writer of the story once went to _______.
A．Japan and BrazilB．England and Brazil
C．France and Spain D．Korea and Caribbean
小題5:From the story, we can judge the Writer might be _______ .
A．a(chǎn)n invaderB．a(chǎn) carpenterC．a(chǎn)n adventurer D．a(chǎn) prisoner

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


三．閱讀理解：（20×2.5=50分）
People have smoked cigarettes for a long time. The tobacco used to make cigarettes was grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking, and soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe where smoking began to catch on. In the late 1800s, the Turk(土耳其人) made cigarettes even popular.
Cigarettes smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases breathing rate.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. The U.S. Public Health Service stated that cigarette smoking is the cause of lung cancers and several other deadly diseases. The U.S. government now requires that each package of cigarettes bear（帶有）a special warning about the danger of smoking.
1. The expression “catch on” in the passage may mean _________.
A. start           B. cost a lot         C. become popular            D. dangerous
2. Before Columbus discovered America __________.
A. Europeans had smoked              B. Nobody smoked in the world
C. Nicotine was not in tobacco            D. Europeans had never smoked
3. In the nineteenth century smoking became popular because of the people in ________.
A. India  B. Turkey       C. the U.S.     D. British
4. Breathing is affected by ___________.
A. nicotine     B. tar           C. heat           D. both A and B

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