Question

Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Children’s relationships with peers (同齡人) strongly influence their success in school，and children with fewer friends are more at risk of dropping out of school，becoming depressed and other problems.

Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Child’s Play

When 6­year­old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning，her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie. “Though they were only separated by a weekend，the girls ran right into each other’s arms and hugged,” recalls Rachel’s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert. “It was like a scene from a movie.”

Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child. Experts agree that friendship is not simply child’s play，but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.

A Skill for Life

“Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood,” says Dr.Robbie Adler­Tapia，psychologist with the Center for Children’s Health & Life Development at the East Valley Family Resource Center.

Researcher William Hartup states，“Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (認(rèn)知的) development.” Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior，but rather，how well a child gets along with other children.

The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids while the lack of friends is detrimental.

Good Friendships Don’t Just Happen

Experts agree that it is essential for children to establish high­quality friendships. But，researchers warn，these friendships don’t necessarily just happen. Often，a good friendship begins with involved parents.

Psychologist Dr.Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.

Bad Company

Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child’s friendships. “When she was in 1st grade，her supposed ‘best friend’ began calling her names and threatening to hurt her,” says Mindy Miller. “My daughter wasn’t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class. It really crushed her spirit. I told my daughter she didn’t need a ‘friend’ like that.”

“I’ll bend over backwards(拼命) to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him,” Adler­Tapia says. “I don’t look at it as manipulation (操縱)，just positive parental involvement.”

1.The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to indicate that________.

A. childhood friendship is of great significance to their growth

B. a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems

C. it is a proven fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life

D. Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend

2.The underlined word “detrimental” could be replaced by________.

A. aggressive B. disappointing

C. ridiculous D. harmful

3.We can learn from the passage that high­ quality friendship most probably results from______.

A. social skills and good study habits

B. school grades and classroom behaviors

C. academic success and social adaptation

D. positive parental involvement and social skills

4.From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr.Robbie Adler­Tapia agrees that________.

A. parents should regard making friends as something that just happens

B. it’s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships

C. parents only need to help their children to cope with difficult social situations

D. parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can

Answer 1