The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic(懷舊的)skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching,many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful-----both in school and in life.
Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks----both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.
In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (轉(zhuǎn)換) “those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot(發(fā)現(xiàn)) spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.
“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”
【小題1】What makes writing by hand a thing of the past? 

A．Theabsenceofblackboardsinclassrooms.
B．Theuseofnewtechnologiesinteaching.
C．Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting.
D．Thepopularuseofsmartphones.
【小題2】Berninger’s study published in 2009 ___________. 
A．focusedonthedifferencebetweenwritingbyhandandonacomputer.
B．indicatedthatstudentsprefertowritewithapenandpaper.
C．foundthatgoodessaysaremadeupoflongsentences.
D．discussedtheimportanceofwritingspeed.
【小題3】Which of the following best shows the role of spelling? 
A．Spellingimprovesone’smemoryofwords.
B．Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability.
C．Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas.
D．Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas.
【小題4】What does “mind’s eye” in paragraph 5 mean? 
A． Window. B．Soul C．Picture. D．Imagination.
【小題5】What conclusion could be drawn from the passage 
A．Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.
B．Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.
C．Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday’sclassrooms.
D．Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.


【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】B
【小題4】D
【小題5】C

解析試題分析：隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，書寫漸漸被人們忽視。但是Virginia Berninger的研究表明，書寫在現(xiàn)代教學(xué)中應(yīng)該占有一席之地。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的 “With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones, writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic skill”可知答案。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段various writing tasks----both on a computer and by hand.可知，研究就是看在電腦上和手寫的任務(wù)能力如何。 與A（聚焦在手寫和電腦寫的不同）一致。
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write.可知，拼寫好和寫作好關(guān)系緊密。答案選B
【小題4】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段可知mind’s eye與Imagination 同意。所以答案選D。
【小題5】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是第一段最后一句可知答案選C
考點(diǎn)：科普類閱讀。

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