Agricultural experts met in Ethiopia last week to discuss ways to help sub-Saharan Africa become a major producer of wheat. The area traditionally produced little wheat, while North Africa was the grain basket.
Wheat production fell sharply in sub-Saharan countries during the 1980s. In the 1960s, attempts were made to grow wheat in sub-Saharan Africa, including South Africa and Zimbabwe. But those countries found it was less costly to import wheat from Europe and the United States. Another problem is that Africa's wheat farms were often far from population centers. There also were transportation issues. And some lowlands were not a good place to grow wheat.
Hans Joachim Braun,one of the experts, says now is a good time to increase wheat production. In the last four years we have seen three major price hikes, where the wheat price and other staple process (主食加工）exploded. And that puts a big, big bill on countries which are depending on wheat imports, and Africa is the biggest wheat importer.
He also says demand for wheat in sub-Saharan Africa is growing faster than for any other crop. With higher income people would like to have more diversified(多樣化）food. But that is possible not the most important one. The most important one is that there is a tremendous migration(移民）of in particular male labor to the cities. And wheat products are convenient food because you can easily buy it. It's easy to process and you also can store it for a few days, which is different from some of the maize and rice products.
There are three possible challenges for growing more wheat in Africa： climate change, disease and pests, like insects. Mr. Braun says rising temperatures should not have a major effect on wheat. In fact, he says, it could help wheat grow in areas with high rainfall totals. As for fighting disease and pests, experts suggest growing more resistant crops. In addition, railroads and roads would have to be improved so large amounts of wheat could be moved to large markets.
【小題1】What does the word "hikes" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?

A．big changes B．large increases C．long trips D．big bills
【小題2】Wheat price exploding indicates_____.
A．sub-Saharan countries need to increase wheat production badly
B．sub-Saharan countries have to issue more money
C．sub-Saharan countries should grow more Corn
D．importing much wheat is urgent
【小題3】Why is there a higher demand for wheat in sub-Saharan Africa？
A．Because the number ofhungry people there is increasing.
B．Because higher income people have the diversified need of food.
C．Because male labor are crowding into the cities.
D．Because the wheat price is lower.
【小題4】According to Mr. Braun the main challenges for growing more wheat in Africa are_____.
A．climate change and disease
B．resistant crops and climate change
C．rising temperatures and disease and pests
D．disease and pests and inconvenient transportation


【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】D

解析試題分析：農(nóng)業(yè)專家上一周在埃塞爾比亞會(huì)面討論幫助次撒哈拉沙漠地區(qū)的非洲成為一個(gè)小麥主產(chǎn)區(qū)。這一地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)上生產(chǎn)的小麥很少而北非曾經(jīng)是谷類糧倉(cāng)。次撒哈拉國(guó)家的小麥產(chǎn)量銳減。一方面從歐洲和美國(guó)進(jìn)口小麥費(fèi)用更少；另一方面非洲的農(nóng)場(chǎng)離人口中心區(qū)很遠(yuǎn)，運(yùn)輸是個(gè)問(wèn)題，還有一些低洼地區(qū)不宜種小麥�，F(xiàn)在是時(shí)候增加小麥生產(chǎn)了。在四年的時(shí)間里小麥價(jià)格就暴漲了三次。進(jìn)口小麥費(fèi)用就會(huì)大大增加。到了自己生產(chǎn)小麥的時(shí)候了。
【小題1】詞意猜測(cè)題。hikes是熟詞新意，原意是爬山，在這里是價(jià)格上的“爬山“，結(jié)合后面的where the wheat price and other staple process (主食加工）exploded.（小麥價(jià)格和其他主食加工的暴漲。）判斷，選B。
【小題2】推理判斷題。文章第二段的大意：次撒哈拉國(guó)家的小麥產(chǎn)量銳減。一方面從歐洲和美國(guó)進(jìn)口小麥費(fèi)用更少；另一方面非洲的農(nóng)場(chǎng)離人口中心區(qū)很遠(yuǎn)，運(yùn)輸是個(gè)問(wèn)題，還有一些低洼地區(qū)不宜種小麥�，F(xiàn)在是時(shí)候增加小麥生產(chǎn)了。下一段開(kāi)頭提到：在四年的時(shí)間里小麥價(jià)格就暴漲了三次。進(jìn)口小麥費(fèi)用就會(huì)大大增加。故選A。
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第四段提到：一方面收入提高了，人民想要食物的多樣化；更重要的是有大量的人員尤其是男勞動(dòng)力移民到城市；還有小麥產(chǎn)品方便購(gòu)買、加工和儲(chǔ)存。再分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)判斷，最佳選C。
【小題4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段提到：在影響小麥生產(chǎn)的三個(gè)主要原因中，Mr. Braun說(shuō)：氣溫上升不應(yīng)該對(duì)小麥有主要影響。在降雨量大的地區(qū)這還有助于小麥的生長(zhǎng)。至于疾病和病蟲(chóng)害，專家建議多種抗蟲(chóng)小麥。另外鐵路和道路必須要改善這樣大量的小麥才有可能被運(yùn)到大市場(chǎng)去。故選D。
考點(diǎn)：政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化類短文閱讀。

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