If you are looking for an animal to take the title of “most violent fish in the sea”, then the tiger puffer (河豚) fish would have to be a strong contestant. Not only is it deadly poisonous --- though that doesn’t stop people trying to eat it --- but it is also able to scare off enemies by inflating itself to become much larger than normal, when it is young it even chews on its own brothers and sisters.
Tiger puffer fish attach their eggs to rocks near the bottom of the sea, often at the mouths of bays. Then the larvae (幼魚) move to the entries of rivers and lakes once they have grown a little. Then, having put on a lot of weight, they head out to sea. There’s no innocent childhood for the puffer fish, as Shin Oikawa of Kyushu University in Japan and his colleagues found out when they put the larvae of tiger puffer fish in the lab and monitored them for two months. They found that the larvae went through three steps in which their metabolic(新陳代謝) rates increased dramatically when they reached body weights of 0.002g, 0.01g, and 0.1g. When a larva went through one of these steps, its behavior also changed. For instance, once a larva had passed the first level it would have grown its first tooth and could start attacking larvae that had not yet reached that stage. Similarly, any larva that had reached the 0.01g or 0.1g levels would start attacking lighter larvae.
The researchers noted that the baby fish had a “relatively small mouth”, so rather than swallowing their brothers and sisters whole, they would bite pieces out of them. Despite this limitation, the fish caused plenty of deaths --- up to 12 per cent of the deaths that happened in the lab each day.
Those fish that grew fast enough to be able to chew on their fellows had an advantage. The extra food accelerated their growth and development. Tiger puffer fish are likely to be faster and swifter, so they can deal better with enemies.
As the name suggests, puffer fish can inflate to make themselves seem much larger than they really are, thus scaring off enemies. They do this by filling their stomachs, which are extremely elastic(彈性的), with water. If that’s not enough of a threat, the tiger puffer fish --- like most of the other puffer fish in the family --- carries a deadly toxin(毒素). Eat one puffer fish and the poison will paralyze (癱瘓) your muscles, including the muscles responsible for breathing, so death is usually caused by a lack of oxygen. Famously, the fish is a delicacy in Japan, where highly qualified chefs produce dishes that contain the safe level of the poison. Interestingly, the puffer fish does not go to the trouble of producing the poison itself. Instead, it hosts bacteria (細(xì)菌) that produce the stuff. It obtains these bacteria from its diet, so the youngest adult fish are not poisonous.
小題1:All of the following statements account for the violence of puffer fish except that_____.
A．they are very difficult to catch
B．they can become larger to threaten enemies away
C．they kill their younger companions as they grow up
D．they are deadly poisonous
小題2:We can learn from the second paragraph that puffer fish _____.
A．can only grow to a weight of 0.1g
B．do not change their behavior as they grow up
C．like to find a safe place to hatch the next generation
D．begin to grow teeth when they reach the third level
小題3:Where does the poison in the puffer fish’s body come from?
A．Its inner organs.B．The air it breathes in.
C．The diet it eats.D．The bacteria around it.
小題4:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Puffer fish can only produce poison when they face danger.
B．People like eating puffer fish even though they are poisonous.
C．The larvae are more aggressive than adult puffer fish.
D．Young puffer fish taste better than adult puffer fish.

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:C
小題4:B
介紹了tiger puffer (河豚) fish的特性！
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段第一行puffer fish can inflate to make themselves seem much larger than they really are說明B正確。第二段倒數(shù)2,3行it would have grown its first tooth and could start attacking larvae that had not yet reached that stage.說明C正確。最后一段第四行carries a deadly toxin(毒素)說明D正確。A沒有提及。
小題2:推理題根據(jù)第二段第一行Tiger puffer fish attach their eggs to rocks near the bottom of the sea, often at the mouths of bays.可知他們把卵產(chǎn)在入海口，然后小魚進(jìn)入淡水，長大一點以后再進(jìn)大海。說明他們是想找一個安全的地方孵化下一代。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句It obtains these bacteria from its diet, so the youngest adult fish are not poisonous.
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段倒數(shù)第四行Famously, the fish is a delicacy in Japan, where highly qualified chefs produce dishes that contain the safe level of the poison.
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This is an example of one of the ways in which many of us spend enormous amounts of energy trying to deny the undeniable and universal fact that we are all ultimately responsible for our own choices and our own lives.
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Imagine that woman decided that she was unhappy with the extra pounds she’d gained after many years of eating fast food on a regular basis. Imagine that this woman took the time to really understand and accept that she and no one else was responsible for her eating choices. Having acknowledged this fact, she then decides to make the changes in her lifestyle to become the healthier, slimmer person she wants to be.
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B．Overcome the Challenges in Our Life.
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A．To show the right way of dealing with weight problems.
B．To describe a familiar scenario in life.
C．To give support to the author’s viewpoint.
D．To compare the consequences of different choices.
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B．Fast food outlets are responsible for many people to become overweight.
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B．Think about what’s wrong with himself and then put it right.
C．Accept that this is where we are and wait for things to improve.
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