Are you having too much salt? You might not think so, but people in China eat on average (平均) about 12 grams of salt each day, that is much higher than the 6 grams suggested by the World Health Organization. You could be eating too much without realizing it, because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy, such as bread, sauces, soups and sausages.
What problems can eating too much salt cause? To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
Salt is a chemical compound. It is made of sodium (鈉) and chloride (氯化物). Salt is used to keep and flavor foods. A small amount of salt is important for good health because our bodies need sodium and chloride to work.
But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been connected with other conditions, such as heart and kidney (腎) problems.
If you want to cut down on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips:
*Cut back on high salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, pickles (泡菜), smoked fish and chips are almost always high in salt because of the way they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have these in smaller amounts, or eat them less often.
*Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals (谷物) are major source of salt in the diet, not that they’re necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you’re shopping, take the time to compare the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to choose the ones lower in salt.
*Avoid adding salt to cooking and at table. Instead, you could use herbs and spices (香料) such as garlic (大蒜) and lemon juice to add flavor to meals.
小題1:Many people in China don’t realize they are eating too much salt because ______.

A．salty food tasted better than reduced salt food

B．they do not calculate the amount of salt they eat

C．a(chǎn)bout 3/4 of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy

D．few people experience problems from eating too much salt

小題2: For a healthier life, the author’s suggestion is to ________.

A．cut back on food with less salt

B．eat less heavily salted food

C．eat as much reduced salt bread as is wanted

D．stop eating bread and breakfast cereals

小題3:What is the purpose of the article?

A．To warn people of food containing too much salt.

B．To inform people of the right amount of salt taken each day.

C．To advise people to be careful about the amount of salt they eat.

D．To promote (促進(jìn)) the right way to make reduced salt food.

There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the _  _ it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can  _ _ people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films __ __ doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to    exercise.  It decreases blood pressure, the heart beat and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter   the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors     pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the     time was the groups which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish( 減少 ) both stress and pain.
As a      of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by   __ them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects      to those caused by laughter.

小題1:	A．harm B．strength C．effect D．good

小題2:	A．help B．improve C．increase D．damage

小題3:	A．if B．but C．while D．since

小題4:	A．mental B．physical C．practical D．medical

小題5:	A．guarantees B．a(chǎn)pplies C．maintains D．exercises

小題6:	A．overlooked B．produced C．preserved D．ensured

小題7:	A．remaining B．rest C．longest D．a(chǎn)dequate

小題8:	A．fact B．matter C．result D．sign

小題9:	A．encouraging B．a(chǎn)llowing C．a(chǎn)ssisting D．reminding

小題10:

A．respectful B．subtle C．a(chǎn)daptable D．similar

When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn’t understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer (使…快活) me up, my laugh turned into crying.
So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so does crying.
Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional (情感的) health, and crying seems to work well. One study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.
Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and more friendly and they are more ready to offer support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don't even know we're very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.
Just as crying can be healthy, not crying — holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering — can be bad for physical health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural — and healthy — emotional response.
小題1:Why didn't the author cry when her grandmother died?

A．Because her father did not want her to feel too sad.

B．Because she did not love her grandmother.

C．Because she was too shy to cry at that time.

D．The author doesn’t give the explanation.

小題2: It can be inferred (推斷) from the text that ______.

A．there are two ways to keep healthy

B．laughing does more good to health than crying

C．crying and laughing play the same roles

D．emotional health has a close relationship to physical health

小題3: According to the author, which of the following statements is true?

A．Crying is the best way to get help from others.

B．Holding back tears may cause some health problems.

C．We will know our deep feelings if we cry.

D．We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.

小題4:What might be the best title for the text?

A．Power of Tears	B．How to Keep Healthy
C．Why We Cry	D．A New Scientific Discovery

小題5: What might the underlined word “fight” in the last paragraph mean?

A．come back

B．pay back

C．hold back

D．give back

UGG boots have been a winter-weather fashion for several years now, combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style. What many UGG enthusiasts don’t know is that their boots are a breeding ground for bacteria and causes foot problems.
Doctors believe the boots, which are particularly popular among young teenage girls, are leading to a rise in the number of people suffering pains in their feet and knees.
Dr. Ian Drysdale, head of the British College of Osteopathic Medicine, believes because the foot does not get the proper support on the inside, it will lead to more ankle, knee, hip and back problems. “ These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn’t mean it’s good or right,” he said. “ The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported. It is a slipper. You wouldn’t normally expect to be doing outdoor activities from something that’s indoor. If you decide to wear your pajamas outside all the time, someone will come up and say it’s not a good idea.” Dr. Drysdale explained that the feet issues become a particular problem among young teenage girls, whose bones are “plastic” and developing when they are growing. “ If that structure is developing in an inappropriate way,” he said, “then the ultimate structure will be deformed.”
UGG Australia, who makes the designer version of the boots, told The Daily Mirror that their boots are “comfort” rather than “performance” footwear and consumers should be aware of “knockoffs(仿制品)” which lack reinforce heels in their boots.
小題1: Teenage girls prefer to wear UGG boots because of the following except__________.

A．design

B．comfort

C．quality

D．warmth

小題2:According to Dr.Ian Drysdale,____________.

A．there is a possibility that bacteria will multiply in UGG boots

B．wearing UGG boots will lead to more ankle and toe problems

C．it’s not a good idea to wear boots like UGG outside all the time.

D．teenage girls’ bones are plastic enough to wear UGG boots

小題3: The underline word “deformed” is closest in meaning to_______.

A．shaped

B．strengthened

C．reformed

D．damaged

小題4:Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Potential Harm of UGG Boots	B．The Popularity of UGG Boots
C．The Unique Design of UGG Boots	D．Benefits of UGG Boots

According to the survey conducted by some scientists, it is common to have difficulty sleeping during the day. Humans are naturally wired to sleep best at night and be awake during the day. However, modern work schedules require some people to try to accommodate the unnatural schedule of shift（輪班）work — being awake at night and sleeping during the day.
In order to make this adjustment, you need to pay special attention to your sleep environment and your preparation for sleep. If shift work is a necessary part of your work life, here are some suggestions that may help.
Arrange to sleep uninterrupted in a quiet, dark room. This means you may have to turn off or unplug your phone, hang darkening curtains on the windows or wear a sleep eye mask, and train your family and friends to leave you alone while you sleep.
Fit in a nap (小睡). When your daytime sleep period is too short, taking a short nap of less than 30 minutes just before work or on a break has been shown to improve alertness and enhance performance.
Develop and follow a sleep routine. It's best if you go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day. Try not to vary this too much on weekends. Your body likes routine.
Take extra care to make healthy choices. You may be tempted to reach for unhealthy foods or nicotine to stay awake or alcohol to try to sleep. But ultimately these choices are more harmful than helpful.
If you have tried all these things and are still having problems getting enough quality sleep during the day, talk to your doctor or a sleep specialist. Sometimes medications (藥物治療) may be helpful and safe. In other cases, there may be an underlying sleep disorder that needs to be addressed.
小題1:The purpose of the text is to_____ .

A．persuade workers to have a good sleep

B．a(chǎn)dvise night workers to keep healthy

C．encourage workers to do day work

D．help night workers to sleep well

小題2:What does the author recommend?

A．A suitable amount of alcohol to help sleep.

B．A regular life on weekday’s and weekends.

C．A bright room without phones to sleep in.

D．A break for sleeping anytime during the day.

小題3:On which condition should a person turn to a sleep specialist for help?

A．If he suffers from a sleep disorder for the first time.

B．If a good sleep environment is greatly needed for him.

C．If he fails to get quality sleep through his own efforts.

D．If he has the problem of falling asleep in the daytime.

小題4:We can learn from the text that_____________.

A．night workers need a long time to fall asleep

B．constant breaks at work help to improve performance

C．it is difficult to create a good sleep environment

D．night work requires people to adjust their body clocks

You may have heard about the many benefits of yoga, but a recent New York Times story, has stirred up more than a little controversy in the yoga community.
"How Yoga Can Wreck Your Body," by science writer William J. Broad, quotes a long-time yoga teacher who "...has come to believe that 'the vast majority of people' should give up yoga altogether. It's simply too likely to cause harm." He goes on to describe a number of cases where people have been injured doing yoga, including himself.
The research in the article isn't groundbreaking: doing any form of exercise you could potentially hurt yourself. If you look at the injury rates of other physical activities, the number of injuries sustained from yoga would pale in comparison.
Practicing yoga is just like anything in life: You have to push yourself in order to grow. But you also have to know your limits and when you're breaking them. If you stick to your comfort zone, you'll never be able to increase your flexibility. If you push to the point where you're not only uncomfortable, but in real pain, you'll likely injure yourself.
The reasons that yoga causes "serious injury”, according to the Times story, range from students' physical weaknesses to inexperienced teachers pushing too hard to the growing number of inflexible "urbanites who sit in chairs all day" trying hard to twist themselves into difficult postures.
Yoga is called a "practice" for a reason. You don't have to be perfect. You don't have to tackle every pose. It doesn't matter if you can touch the floor with your palms during your first forward bend or your thousandth, or if you never get there.
We go to the mat to learn to better listen to what our bodies are telling us, and to better hear that quiet inner voice drowned out by the noise of our busy lives. It's a shame to discourage the majority of people from practicing yoga and missing out on all of the mind-body benefits that going to the mat has to offer.
小題1:The underlined word is best replaced by __.

A．Injure

B．Benefit

C．Push

D．Shape

小題2:What does author mainly want to tell us in the 3rd paragraph?

A．All physical activities are equally harmful.

B．Yoga causes much less injuries than other physical activities.

C．Similar researches have been done before.

D．Yoga, like any other form of exercise, can hurt people.

小題3:Which is not mentioned among the reasons for yoga being likely to cause injury?

A．Teachers lack the knowledge of students’ limits.

B．Modern lifestyle decreases our flexibility.

C．The body doesn’t tell when you are in real pain.

D．Students themselves might not be in good physical condition.

小題4:What is the author’s attitude towards practicing yoga?

A．It’s a shame not to practice yoga.

B．One should push the limits in order to be perfect.

C．The majority should give up yoga for it may cause harm.

D．One should enjoy the physical and mental benefit that yoga brings.

Although there is no possibility of living completely free of stress , it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it can’t be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for the ways to deal with stress.
Try physical activity
When you are nervous, angry or upset, try reducing the pressure through exercise of physical activity. Running, walking, playing tennis or working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try. Physical exercise will relieve your anxiety and worry and help you to relax. Your body and your mind will work together to ease the stress in your life.
Share your stress
It helps to talk to someone about your anxiety and worries. Perhaps a friend, family member, teacher or even your leader can help you a better view of what is troubling you. If you feel your problem is serious, you might seek professional help from psychologist or a doctor. Knowing when to ask for help is an important step in avoiding serious problem later
Take care of yourself
You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest. If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or if you are not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor
Make time for yourself
Schedule time for both work and entertainment. Don’t forget, play can be just as important to your over-all well-being as work. You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun. Go window-shopping or work on a hobby. Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.
Make a list of things you need to do
Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “there is so much to do, and not enough time.” Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the more important tasks first.
Go ahead and cry
A good cry can a healthy way to bring relief to your anxiety. It might even help you avoid a headache or other physical effect of anxiety and stress
小題1:What is most probably the writer’s purpose in writing the article?

A．To release his or her working pressure

B．To help solve the universal problem of stress

C．To reduce her or his own anxiety

D．To help more people cry out

小題2: Physical activity can help people release stress in that ______

A．only your body movement can help you relax

B．your mind can work better to free you of anxiety

C．your body and mind can cooperate(合作) in releasing your stress

D．physics can always play in important part in reducing nervousness

小題3:What is the similarity between “Share your stress” and “ Go ahead and cry”?_____

A．They both help you let out your feelings

B．They both need physical movement

C．They both require mental relaxation

D．They can help you live an orderly life

小題4:The sentence “ Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything” is close to the meaning of ______

A．Strike the iron while it is hot	B．Practice makes perfect
C．More hurry, less speed	D．Quietness wins time

Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. Following the rules…planning your next move...acting as a team member…these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.
Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作) .
Many children’s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones. Which sharpens the hand-eye coordination（協(xié)調(diào)）needed in hunting.
Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.
Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to give people hope through soccer. He created a foundation(基金會(huì)) to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.
Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.
小題1:Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to ________.

A．be a team leader	B．obey the basic rules
C．a(chǎn)ct as a grown-up	D．predict possible danger

小題2:The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can________.

A．describe life in an exciting way

B．turn real-life experiences into a play

C．make learning life skills more interesting

D．change people’s views of sporting events

小題3:According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?

A．It makes people have a deep love for the country.

B．It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.

C．It helps the country out of natural disasters.

D．It earns the winners fame and fortune.

小題4:Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to _______.

A．bring fun to poor kids

B．provide soccer balls for children

C．give poor kids a chance for a better life

D．a(chǎn)ppeal to soccer players to help poor kids

小題5:What can be learned from the passage?

A．Games benefit people all their lives.

B．Sports can get all athletes together.

C．People are advised to play games for fun.

D．Sports increase a country’s competitiveness.

If you were on the street in Mexico today you might think you were in an operating room, surrounded by doctors. You could see many concerned people with masks (口罩) trying their best to stop the swine flu (豬流感). And the masks aren’t only being used in Mexico. A friend of mine traveling from New York City to Florida was given a mask and a pair of gloves just after he reached the airport. And another friend went to get a haircut only to be faced with a hairdresser wearing a mask!
But do the masks really work? Is covering your nose and mouth the key to stopping the swine flu? To find out the truth, ABC’s reporter Sharyn Alfonsi talked with germ (細(xì)菌) expert Dr. Elaine Larsen. It turns out that when you sneeze (打噴嚏) the air coming out of your mouth at a speed of one hundred miles per hour carries germs which can travel anywhere around you and make people around you infected (被感染).
However, whether you become infected actually depends on the weather. As Sharyn reported, when you sneeze, the germs leave your body in small drops of water coming out of your mouth. If the weather is wet, the wet air will make the small drops bigger and heavier and they drop down towards our feet. If this happens, we won’t become infected. But if the air is dry, those small drops can float higher up, making it possible for them to touch someone else’s nose, mouth or their mask.
Larsen says the masks can stop the germs well but after a few hours, they start to get wet, holding a lot of germs they come across and causing you to breathe them in. The masks do work, but the key to stopping the germs is changing your masks often.
小題1:According to Para.1, in Mexico you can see that ____.

A．the patients are treated in the open air

B．some doctors work in the street

C．people speak little to each other in the street

D．many people wear masks in the street

小題2:According to the passage a patient spreads germs mainly through ____.

A．breathing

B．Speaking

C．touching others

D．sneezing

小題3:We learn from the passage that on a wet day ____.

A．sick people will be infected

B．germs can spread very far

C．germs spread very quickly

D．few people will be infected

小題4:If you keep wearing a mask for a long time, ____.

A．the mask will be old and worn out

B．you’ll love the feeling of wearing it

C．germs will be kept away from you

D．it will be easy for you to be infected

小題5:What should we pay attention to when wearing masks?

A．Keeping the masks dry.	B．Changing the masks often.
C．Choosing very thick masks.	D．Wearing big masks.

Have you ever been bitten? Of course you have. You are surrounded by living things which might, or do, bite. Even when you rest your head on your pillow, bedbugs are probably nibbling away(蠶食) at you. They live happily inside most pillows.
Take a walk outside and you are a target for “man’s best friend. ” Hundreds of dog-bite victims visit US emergency rooms daily. Many bites are terrible. To avoid the dogs in your neighborhood, you might want to hike into the desert or the woods. There, you run the risk of bites from rattlesnakes, scorpions, and blood-sucking ticks. Not to mention bears, wolves, coyotes, and mountain lions.
Speaking of housing, watch out when you touch the corner of your house or garage. Shy but deadly, the black widow spider and the brown recluse spider make themselves comfortable in quiet areas of your closets or garage. One bite from either of them can make you very sick; occasionally, people die from such bites. Unfortunately, many people fear all spiders, not just the few dangerous ones. They squash them or run from them at first sight, not realizing that most spiders are actually beneficial to man.
If you’re concerned about bites, don’t forget about rabid(患有狂犬病的) animal bites. Any warm-blooded animal can get infected with rabies. Although humans in the US rarely get attacked by rabid animals, the disease is painful and dangerous. You will most likely die if you are not treated properly within 48 hours of being bitten.
小題1: How does the author introduce the topic of this passage?

A．By asking questions.	B．By giving examples.
C．By offering suggestions.	D．By doing experiments.

小題2:According to the 2nd passage, “man’s best friend” is _____________.

A．Bedbugs

B．Dogs

C．Coyotes

D．Scorpions

小題3:When you at home, you will probably be bitten by __________.
①rattle snakes   ②bedbugs  ③bears  ④spiders  ⑤rabid animals

A．①④

B．②③

C．③⑤

D．②④

小題4:What can we infer from the 3rd paragraph?

A．All spiders are dangerous and one bite from each of them can be very serious. .

B．The black widow spider is actually beneficial to humans.

C．Spiders always make themselves comfortable in quiet place in your house.

D．One should squash a spider at first sight to keep safety.

小題5:In the author’s opinion, __________.

A．No matter what kind of animal bites you, there is no danger at all.

B．One should treat rabid animal bites properly within 2 days.

C．Humans in the US can be bitten by rabid animals frequently.

D．Hundreds of rabid animal-bite people visit emergency room daily in the US.