Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body.
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity（肥胖）. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract（消化道）, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.
Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens（過敏原） and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陳代謝) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity.
The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.
To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize（中和）the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach.
【小題1】 It can be inferred from Para. 2 that __________.

A．foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit

B．we’d better be cautious about raw and whole foods

C．it is essential for people to protect their vital organs

D．giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle

【小題2】 Processed foods are unhealthy because they __________.

A．destroy body’s cells	B．may lead to obesity
C．a(chǎn)re difficult to digest	D．stop body’s metabolism

【小題3】 What is the main purpose of this passage?

A．To warn people of the problem of obesity.

B．To advocate eating more raw and whole foods.

C．To inform people of the harm of processed foods.

D．To tell the differences between raw and processed foods.

【小題4】 What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph?

A．Different causes of acid accumulation.

B．Correct ways to cook raw foods.

C．Suitable types of raw and whole foods.

D．Active approaches to avoid acid.

ASK any group of teenagers in the UK what they most like to eat, and foods like pizzas, curries, pasta, burgers and chips are bound to get a mention – and many young people would probably also list hanging out at the local fast-food restaurant as one of their favorite pastimes.
But what teenagers like to eat is not necessarily what they should be eating. According to the National Diet and Nutrition Survey, far too many young people in the UK between the ages of four and 18 consume too much fat, sugar and salt in their diet and take in too many calories. Meanwhile their intake of starchy carbohydrates (淀粉類碳水化合物), fibre, iron, vitamins and calcium is too low.
For a growing body, eating foods containing plenty of calcium, such as milk, yoghurt and cheese, is particularly important as calcium is essential for the development of healthy, strong bones. Similarly, foods that are rich in iron are good for young, rapidly developing bodies, so red meat, bread, green vegetables, dried fruit and fortified (強化的) breakfast cereals (谷類食物) are also recommended.
It is during our teenage years that lifestyle habits can become entrenched (根深蒂固的), so it is important that young people are educated about what foods are good for them. In 2005, in an attempt to change eating habits and open teenagers’ minds to new flavors and new tastes, celebrity chef Jamie Oliver launched a ‘Feed Me Better’ campaign. As part of a television series, ‘Jamie’s School Dinners’, he worked with teachers and cooks in a number of schools across the UK to provide more healthy, nutritious school meal options. Although the campaign was rather resisted at the beginning, it was generally regarded as a huge success and helped to influence governmental policy on nutritional standards for school meals.
No one expects to end the teenage love affair with fast and junk food but, hopefully, if projects like ‘Feed Me Better’ and the Government's own ‘Change4Life’ campaign continue to give out the right messages, more young people will understand the importance of balancing occasional treats with healthier food options.
【小題1】What can we conclude from the first two paragraphs?

A．British teenagers eat too much junk food.

B．British teenagers need to take in more calcium.

C．What British teenagers like to eat is probably what their bodies need

D．British teenagers should reduce their intake of starchy carbohydrates.

【小題2】Young people need calcium and iron ______.

A．to improve their brainpower

B．to build healthy strong bodies

C．to provide energy for their body

D．to help change their eating habits

【小題3】According to the article, Jamie Oliver launched a campaign at schools to ______.

A．show off his excellent cooking skills

B．teach students how to cook nutritious meals

C．make the public keep an eye on school food

D．improve the children’s diet at school

【小題4】Which is a point that the article supports?

A．Teenagers should never eat any junk food at all.

B．It’s easy for children to give up unhealthy eating.

C．It’s okay for a healthy eater to have a little junk food.

D．Once developed, our eating habit will never change.

Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people thinner than spending hours doing some exercises, according to scientists. They say that socializing and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat in the body which burns calories to produce heat.
Living in an exciting social environment was found to reduce fat in mice's belly by half over four weeks, even if they ate more. US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring long-term stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body's nervous system. 
However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those, who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to excite themselves and then lost far more weight over the course of the study than their “couch potato" fellows.
Study author, Dr Matthew During, whose team’s findings appear in the journal Cell Metabolism, said, “I'm still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs.” explaining how new technology had threatened face-to-face socializing, he added, “It's not just a sedentary(久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities.” Co-author Dr Lei Cao said，“Loneliness is a potential factor for cancer and death; it's equal to cigarette smoking to a certain extent. Social activities are very vital.”
【小題1】What information can we get from the first two paragraphs?

A．Brown fat stores calories and makes us fatter.

B．It doesn’t take long to turn white fat into brown.

C．Social excitement helps gain more weight.

D．Brown fat can burn energy to produce heat.

【小題2】Which of the following statement does the text support?

A．Levels of brown fat can be increased by socializing.

B．The mice lacking social life lose more weight.

C．The research findings haven’t been published so far.

D．Dr Matthew During wasn’t convinced of the result.

【小題3】We can conclude from the text that_______.

A．the fat in mice’s belly was reduced because of the relaxing environment

B．a(chǎn) sedentary lifestyle and high calories foods influence people’s social life

C．surfing the Internet may influence people’s face-to-face communication

D．cancer and death are mainly caused for lack of social life

【小題4】What’s the main idea of the text?

A．Brown fat is beneficial to people’s health.

B．Socializing is unnecessarily important in people’s daily life.

C．White fat can be changed into brown fat.

D．Socializing contributes to people’s losing weight.

Healthy people with stressful jobs who work long hours but get little satisfaction from what they do have twice the risk of dying from heart disease as satisfied employees, according to a study. Job stress has been known to cause heart problems in people who already have cardiovascular disease (心血管病). Finnish scientists have now shown that even in healthy people the pressures of work can take their toll. High blood pressure, lack of exercise, smoking and being overweight contribute to heart disease—a leading killer in many industrialized countries.
But Mika Kivimaki, of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, and his colleagues, who studied the medical histories of 812 healthy Finnish men and women in a metal industry company over 25 years, said job stress also plays an important role.
Workers who had the highest job-related stress levels at the start of the study were more than twice as likely to die of heart disease, according to the study published in The British Medical Journal. Work stress involves too much work as well as a lack of satisfaction and feeling undervalued and unappreciated. Many people work long hours but if the effort is rewarding the stress is minimized.
The British Heart Foundation said the results support earlier research showing that people in jobs with low control, such as manual(體力的) workers, could be as great risk of heart disease than other employees. “ It is advisable for people to try to minimize levels of stress at work and for employees to allow people to have more control at work and to be rewarded for their successes,” the foundation said in a statement.
【小題1】Healthy people may die from heart disease of ____________.

A．too much job stress

B．working too hard

C．feeling valued

D．being satisfied

【小題2】Which one of the following is NOT right according to this passage?

A．High blood pressure is likely to cause heart disease.

B．Being overweight may cause heart disease.

C．Job stress is most likely to cause heart disease.

D．Working long hours must cause heart disease.

【小題3】The underlined word “minimized” in the third paragraph means “_________”.

A．increased

B．reduced

C．raised

D．cured

【小題4】The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to _________.

A．a(chǎn)dvise people not to work long hours

B．suggest that everyone be satisfied with everything

C．a(chǎn)sk us to learn to enjoy ourselves

D．tell us that job stress threatens our health nowadays.

American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system against infection. Doctors at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, did the study. The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemical is an amino acid called L-theanine. The scientists say it may increase the strength of gamma delta T cells. That’s the letter T, not the drink. Gamma delta T cells are part of the body’s defense.
First, the researchers mixed some of these cells with antigens found in the amino acid(氨基酸). Antigens help the body react to infection. Then the scientists added some bacteria. Within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection. Cells not mixed with the antigens did not produce interferon.
In the second part of the study, eleven people drank five to six cups of black tea every day. Ten other people drank the same amount of instant coffee. That is dried coffee mixed with hot water.
Two weeks later, and again two weeks after that, the researchers tested the blood of all twenty-one people. They also looked at what happened when they added bacteria to the blood cells. They found that the tea drinkers produced five times more interferon after they started drinking tea. The coffee drinkers did not produce interferon.
Doctor Jack Bukowski led the study. He says the antigens added to the gamma delta T cells were responsible for the increased reaction to the bacteria. He says that the study also showed that the cells were able to remember the bacteria and fight them again the next time.
Earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer. Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated by more people. “If the findings prove to be true,” he says, “then tea drinking might also help protect against bacterial infections.” He says the amino acid L-theanine could be removed from the tea and used as a drug to strengthen the body’s defenses.
【小題1】We may know from the text that ______ can be found in different kinds of tea.

A．L-theanine	B．Gamma delta T cells
C．interferon	D．bacteria

【小題2】Tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system because it helps ______.

A．to add some bacteria to the blood cells

B．the body to produce more gamma delta T cells

C．the body to produce more interferon

D．to mix antigens with some of the cells in the body

【小題3】According to Dr Bukowski, ______.

A．the findings of the study have already proved to be true

B．further study is needed to prove the findings true

C．he has taken some amino acid L-theanine from tea and made a drug with it

D．he is not sure whether tea help prevent heart disease and cancer

【小題4】What would be the best title for this text?

A．Tea Is Better than Coffee	B．Our Body Needs Tea
C．Tea Can Help Prevent Cancer	D．Tea May Help Fight Infection

Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.
The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump and happy. In 18th century paintings, beauty is equated （使…等同） with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes.
So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England's chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking.
So, having bought some cross trainers, how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who think that running machines are boring, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people's lives may be more effective. They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening. And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gyms "are not making the nation fit", and may even cause harm.
There's new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unsuitable exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely （oppositely） affect normal function in unfit people. The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes.
So, should we forget about gyms and follow some expert's advice to reduce sedentary （久坐不動的） activities and increase exercise in our daily life? After all, getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can't do any harm! One final thought. How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today? 
【小題1】Mr.Pickwick and the paintings of the 18m century are used as examples to show that_____.

A．beauty should be overweight

B．a(chǎn) fat man is usually a cheerful character

C．fatness was considered something good at one time

D．fatness leads to an increased risk of disease

【小題2】According to Sir Liam Donaldson, we should_____.

A．go on a diet	B．do regular physical activity
C．give up smoking	D．go to the gym

【小題3】The underlined phrase cross trainers probably refers to _____.

A．people who help you do exercise	B．places where you can do exercise
C．a(chǎn) kind of shoes	D．a(chǎn) form of vehicles

【小題4】At present being overweight indicates _____.

A．a(chǎn)n increased risk of diseases	B．a(chǎn) happier life
C．a(chǎn) cheerful character	D．a(chǎn) beauty

【小題5】What is the passage mainly about?

A．how to keep fit and avoid fatness.	B．increased risks for overweight people.
C．the dangers of exercise in the gym.	D．the benefit of a balanced diet.

Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experi­ment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention to class.
Opposite to what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.
【小題1】During the test, those who were tested were given ________.

A．no breakfast at all	B．very rich breakfast
C．little food for breakfast	D．different breakfast or none

【小題2】According to the passage, if a student does not eat breakfast, ________.

A．he will fall ill

B．he will fail to listen to his teacher

C．he will not make progress in his studies

D．his mind will work more slowly

【小題3】The results of the test show that ________.

A．breakfast has great effect on work and studies

B．breakfast has little to do with a person’s work

C．a(chǎn) person will work better if he has a simple breakfast

D．those working with brains should have much for breakfast

【小題4】Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Poor breakfasts affect those who work with brains.

B．Morning diet may cause one to get fatter.

C．Reducing lunch and supper is of less value in weight losing.

D．Eating less in lunch and supper may help to lose weight.

How often do you go on holiday? Going on holiday makes you feel good while you're there－you gain the health benefits for months, new research shows.
Jetting off to exotic destinations such as the Maldives cuts your blood pressure, helps you sleep better and bounce back from stress, it found. The benefits last at least a fortnight longer than the vacation and can be felt for months in some cases where it is claimed. Experts say workers should always take their full holiday entitlement each year－as many as one in three don't－to get the benefits.
The study compared key health markers in holidaymakers visiting Thailand, Peru or the Maldives, with people who stayed at home and continued working. The average blood pressure of those on holiday dropped by 6% while the workers saw their blood pressure rise by 2% over the same period. The sleep quality of holiday-makers improved by 17% while that of the non-holidaymakers deteriorated by 14%.
The study also found the ability of vacationers to recover from stress—known as the stress-resilience test－improved by 29%. There was a 71% fall in stress resilience scores among workers. Test showed a fall in blood glucose levels, reducing the risk of diabetes, trimmer waistlines and enhanced mood and energy levels, with the effects sustained for at least 2 weeks after returning home.
The Holiday Health Experiment was conducted by tour operator Kuoni and Nuffield Health, the UK's largest healthcare charity.
【小題1】 The author intends to tell us that _____.

A．it is best to go to foreign countries like Maldives.

B．we had better go on holiday for the benefits of health

C．we have to go on holiday as much as possible

D．you'll certainly get depressed if you don't go on holiday

【小題2】According to the article, how many people go on holiday?

A．Two thirds

B．17%

C．One third

D．A quarter

【小題3】The underlined word "deteriorated" in Paragraph 3 probably means "______".

A．remained

B．rose

C．improved

D．worsened

【小題4】Which of the following can we infer from the passage?

A．Holiday makers are more adaptable than non-holidaymakers.

B．The result of the study is mostly based on the description from the people involved.

C．The further you go, the better you benefit.

D．Most people like to stay at home during the holiday.

【小題5】The best title of the passage is ______.

A．A Holiday Health Experiment	B．Key Health Markers in Holidaymakers
C．Health Benefits from Holiday	D．Health Problems of Having Holiday

New rules will let millions of Americans know where more of their food comes from. The law is known as COOL -- Country of Origin Labeling(標簽).
American congress first passed the law in 2002. Stores have had to label seafood by country of origin since 2005. But industry pressure delayed other requirements until last week.
Products that must now be labeled include fresh fruits and vegetables, muscle meats and some kinds of nuts. But the rules are complex, and many foods are not included. For example, organ meats are free to be labeled. So are processed foods, including cooked or smoked foods.
The same food may sometimes have to be labeled and other times not. Fresh or frozen peas, for example, have to be labeled but not canned peas. Foods that are mixed with other foods are also excluded. Mixed nuts, for example, do not need to be labeled. The same is true of a salad mix that contains different things like lettuce and carrots. Or a fruit cup that combines different fruits. Also, the law doesn’t include restaurants and other food service organizations. Department of Agriculture officials say the law is really meant for larger grocery stores.
The United States has imported more and more food in recent years to save money and expand choices. Country-of-origin labeling has become more common lately but has still been limited in many stores.
Food safety is one reason why some shoppers pay close attention to where foods came from. For example, when a large number of people recently got sick from salmonella(沙門菌病), officials blamed peppers from Mexico. Yet the last big food scare involved spinach grown in California. But labeling is also a way for people to know they are getting what they want. Some want to buy local foods or foods from a particular country.
The country-of-origin labeling law gives stores 30 days to correct any violations(違反) that are found. Stores and suppliers that are found to be deliberately violating the law could be fined 1,000 dollars per violation. Federal inspectors are not to take action to enforce the law for six months to give time for an education campaign.
Some food safety activists say they are generally pleased with the law. They call it a good step that will give people more useful information.
【小題1】Why has more and more food been imported to the United States in recent years?

A．It is economical and provides people with more choices.

B．Foreign food is of higher quality than native food.

C．Americans need more and more food recently.

D．The United States is short of food supply.

【小題2】Consumers are more concerned about where foods come from because________.

A．they are curious about the origin of the food.

B．most of them are particular about the tastes

C．they are concerned about food safety

D．most of them are food safety activists

【小題3】The new rules of the country-of-origin labeling law will come into effect________.

A．right now

B．in a month

C．in three months

D．in half a year

【小題4】Which of the following can be inferred from the text?

A．Store owners are most likely to be the supporters of the law.

B．The government of America will possibly forbid importing peppers from Mexico.

C．Federal inspectors couldn’t take measures to enforce the law.

D．Most Americans prefer imported vegetables to the vegetables grown in local places.

Work your brain!
Between 2 and 3 pounds of wonder, it controls everything we say, do or think, who we are and what we care about. The way we walk or laugh or figure out things. What we like and the talents we possess. How we see and talk and run and jump and process our food.
The brain uses 20 percent of our body’s oxygen and 20 percent of its blood. Somewhere within its protein, fat, 100,000 miles of blood vessels and 100 billion nerve cells, it helps us remember where we put our gym shoes. Change our temperature so we don’t die because of the heat or cold. Speed us up or slow us down. Help us choose between orange juice or orange­flavored drinks.
Its complexity are stunning, far beyond anything most of us can imagine. To keep this work of art as polished as possible we need to eat right, exercise and keep mentally stimulated. Good nutrition helps brain cells communicate with each other. Exercise stimulates a hormone in our brain that improves memory. Mental stimulation keeps you sharp even as you age.
“It’s very important that we tell people to be physically active and mentally active,” said neurologist Malcolm Stewart.“People cannot stop aging, but you’re able to reduce the damage; you’re able to keep the function up.”
Following are Dr. Stewart’s advice for improving brain health：

Nutrition	Avoid fast food. Follow the old adage(格言): For breakfast, eat like a king; for lunch, like a queen; for supper, like a beggar.
Exercise	Do a combination of stretching aerobic and muscle strengthening every day.
Mental games	Try to have a sense of hope about the future. Do puzzles. Listen to music. Reach out to others to make their lives better.

【小題1】The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ______.

A．inform us how the brain works

B．give us advice on how to keep the brain healthy

C．tell us that the brain plays an important role in our lives

D．show how special the brain is to us

【小題2】The underlined word “stunning” means ______.

A．interesting

B．strange

C．significant

D．a(chǎn)mazing

【小題3】According to the text，more exercise ______.

A．keeps our mind sharp

B．helps improve our memory

C．gives our brain a rest

D．is good for brain cells communicating with each other

【小題4】In order to keep brain healthy，we should avoid ______.

A．eating a good lunch	B．doing puzzles
C．eating a large supper	D．taking aerobic exercise