It is often said that man has become the enemy of our planet. This is no exaggeration(夸張), for reports show that man’s greed has done much to destroy the earth. Man, in his greedy desire for financial growth, has polluted the air, land and water, and has robbed our valuable natural resources. Man’s industrial plants pour out poisonous waste that pollutes the sea and puts life in the sea under the threat of dying out; at the same time, they release alarming amounts of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other pollutants. Small wonder that the air now is much warmer and more impure than ever before.
Of course, this is not just because of man’s greed—it is man’s pressing need as well. For instance, in developing countries, huge financial foreign debts have forced governments to approve the cutting of forests for agriculture or ranching. As a result, forests are cut down just to meet man’s immediate needs.
Perhaps unknowingly，man has changed the make-up of the earth's atmosphere. Scientific studies have shown that CFCs used in refrigerators and industrial cleaners are fast destroying the ozone layer—a protective layer in the atmosphere that protects us against the harmful effects of the sun’s ultraviolet (紫外線)rays. In fact, documented reports have shown a terrible fact that there are “holes” in the ozone layer over the Antarctic. And they appear to be expanding.
Faced with these environmental problems, world leaders have shown deep concern. The UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) has arranged international agreements like the Vienna convention of 1985 and the Montreal Protocol of 1989 to preserve the ozone layer by controlling the production, use and trade of destructive chemicals.
There may be some doubt as to how effectual these agreements may be, given that some countries still maintain an “I-don’t-care” attitude. Their attitude is probably due to their failure to grasp the importance of the problem. Then, there is no doubt that environmental education on an international scale（規(guī)模）is greatly needed, so that all countries, great and small—the “haves” and the “have nots”—may realize their responsibilities for our planet.
In the meantime, the UNEP seems to have taken steps in the right direction, and it is hoped that in the not so distant future, all nations of the world will join hands in saving mother earth.
小題1:Which of the following is a reason for the cutting and burning of forests?
A．To build houses for more population. B．To have land for agriculture.
C．To export trees to other countries.D．To build industrial plants.
小題2:The holes in the ozone layer are largely due to________.
A．man’s research activities B．the greenhouse effect
C．the ultraviolent D．harmful chemicals
小題3:Why don’t some countries care about the problem of the environment?
A．They don’t want to put their lives in danger.
B．They just don’t know how to solve the problem.
C．They haven’t realized the seriousness of the problem.
D．They don’t want to break their international commitment.
小題4:66. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the environment?
A．Hopeful. B．Unconcerned C．Doubtful D．Objective

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:A

試題分析：人們常說人類是我們這個星球的敵人，這話并非危言聳聽，夸大其辭。人類做了許多破壞地球的事情。諸如：污染空氣，土壤，水以及掠奪有價值的資源等等。面對這些環(huán)境問題，文章呼吁全世界所有國家聯(lián)起手來共同來拯救我們的地球。
小題1:B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)“For instance, in developing countries, huge financial foreign debts have
forced governments to approve the cutting of forests for agriculture or ranching(例如，在發(fā)展中國家，巨額外債迫使政府同意砍伐森林來讓位給農(nóng)牧業(yè)).”可知B項正確。
小題2:D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“科學研究表明冰箱使用的氟利昂和工業(yè)清潔劑正在快速地
破壞著大氣中的臭氧層，一種保護我們免受紫外線的傷害的保護層。記錄在案的報告業(yè)已表明了這
樣的可怕的事實：南極上空的臭氧層已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)好多ˋ洞ˊ”結(jié)合第四段中“...to preserve the ozone layer
by controlling the production, use and trade of destructive chemicals. (通過控制生產(chǎn)，使用，銷售破壞
性的化學產(chǎn)品來保護臭氧層)”可知答案D正確。
小題3:C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Their attitude is probably due to their failure to grasp the importance of the problem.(他們<漠不關(guān)心>的態(tài)度可能基于他們沒有認識到這個問題的重要性的緣故)”可以知道答案C正確。
小題4:A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“聯(lián)合國環(huán)境時朝著正確的方向邁出了堅實的步伐。有望在不遠的將來全世界所有國家聯(lián)起手來共同來拯救我們的地球”說明作者“對未來環(huán)境問題充滿著希望。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I got tired of living the life that everybody told me I “should” be living, so one day I decided to start living life in my own ways. Frustrated（挫�。﹚ith my job, I came home, put on my shoes, and just started running. It felt so good to be free. That first day I ended up running 30 miles without stopping. Yes, I had rediscovered my old passion ( 酷愛的事物) — and it felt so good that I set a goal to support myself and my family from my running alone.
I trained hard every day. Since I wanted to be the best I could be, I knew I would have to set some clear goals for myself. A couple of my goals were: run a 135-mile ultra-marathon(超級馬拉松) across Death Valley, win the Badwater Ultra-Marathon, and run a marathon to the South Pole.
I had no idea how I was going to achieve these goals, but they certainly encouraged me to work hard. Today, I am really grateful to say that I have achieved all of them. Shortly after completing these goals, I set another goal: to run fifty marathons, in fifty states, in fifty days. Nobody had done anything like this before. To be honest, I was not quite sure if I could. But there was only one way to find out…so I just started training and preparing to give it my best try.
I completed that goal one year ago, and it felt great! But for me, life is not all about achieving goals. Sure, it feels good to succeed, but the greatest reward for me was learning more about myself and what I was able to do.
Only by stepping out into the unknown and stretching(使傾注全力) ourselves can we really discover what our true potential(潛能) is。
小題1:Which played an important role in the author’s success?
A．Setting goalsB．Learning from others.
C．Being honestD．Keeping on reading .
小題2:According to Paragraph 3, before achieving the goals the author felt _____________
A．very gratefulB．not quite confident
C．quite afraidD．not very satisfied
小題3:What does the underlined part “that goal” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Win the Badwater Ultra-Marathon.
B．Run a marathon to the South Pole.
C．Run fifty marathons, in fifty states, in fifty days.
D．Run a 135-mile ultra-marathon across Death Valley.
小題4:The author probably agrees that____________.
A．life means achieving goals
B．success is the greatest reward
C．sports help develop our potential
D．everyone may have great potential.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back. When we’re hungry, we eat at home instead of going out. We take buses instead of taxis. And we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer. With college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.
One cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelor’s degree in three years instead of four. Educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient. But there’s a question: Would the quality of undergraduate(本科生)education suffer? Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.
I doubt that mainstream North American colleges will carry out a three-year curriculum(課程) any time soon. For one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits(學分). In addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits. Professors will resist “diluting(稀釋)” the quality of the education they offer.
In my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education. A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major. It is not a good idea to water down education, any more than it’s not a good idea to water down medicine. If we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. We should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible. We should give them a chance to earn money as interns(實習生)in meaningful part-time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five-year co-op program at Northeastern University.
小題1:The first paragraph serves as a(n)________．
A．explanationB．definitionC．introductionD．comment
小題2:We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．most American universities are against the “three-year degree” model
B．many famous US universities are considering adopting the “three-year degree” model
C．professors are willing to accept the “three-year degree” model
D．the “three-year degree” model can make college learning more efficient
小題3:In most US universities，________.
A．college students are offered the co-op program
B．electives’ credits make up one quarter of the required credits
C．a(chǎn)ll students are required to finish four-year education before graduation
D．some excellent students can graduate ahead of time
小題4:We can infer that________.
A．the author is a college professor
B．the author thinks the cost of a university education is too high for people to afford
C．the author considers the university education quality very important
D．the author pays special attention to the all-round development of college students
小題5:Which of the following can be the best title?
A．It’s time to shorten the learning process
B．Best learning takes place over time
C．University education should be watered down
D．College education calls for reform

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A farm planted levels or floors is called a vertical(垂直的)farm. A skyscraper type building can house a vertical farm. Since the garden is built upwards，rather than outwards，it requires much less space than a conventional farm.
The world is quickly running out of room for conventional farming. Vertical farms could be a key to this situation. An 18­story vertical farm could feed as many as 50,000 people，all in an area which is the size of the average city block. Vertical farms in the city could cut down on transportation costs as well. Think about the amount of fuel it takes to transport food from farmland to city. The resources saved would be surprising. Besides saving travel time，food would be delivered in fresher condition and with less damage.
There is a growing concern about the use of pesticides(殺蟲劑) in agriculture today. But the vertical farm would be a greenhouse type environment, avoiding the need for a large number of pesticides. Vertical farms can be built in a contained space，therefore they are an excellent solution for living well in an environment far different from our own. Hydroponics(水耕法) could be a big part of vertical gardening. This would reduce the amount of soil needed to grow food. Of course，not all food does well with this type of planting，but there are many crops that actually seem to do better.
In some climates，a lack of sunlight creates a short growing season. The solar power option may not work as well here. The addition of grow lights would make it possible to grow crops in vertical gardens in these areas .In other words，we could grow crops in areas where we never could before.
Vertical farms may just be a concept for now，but they are a concept that will solve many of our problems in the future.
小題1:According to the passage, a vertical farm ________.
A．is mainly built outwards
B．is dependent on solar power
C．is planted on levels upwards
D．is only an environmental friendly farm
小題2:Compared to the conventional farm, the vertical farm can ________.
A．depend far less on sunlight
B．greatly increase the use of soil
C．help to protect the limited gardens
D．reduce the harmful effect of pesticides
小題3: It can be learned from the passage that vertical farms ________.
A．have already been put into use
B．only use hydroponics to grow food
C．need less room than conventional farms
D．may increase the transportation costs
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Vertical farms for our future
B．Ways to deal with future problems
C．Vertical farms and green skyscrapers
D．Making full use of our limited land

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Electrical devices（儀器）could soon use power make by human energy. Scientists say they have developed an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical movement of a person walking . British scientist Max Donelan and other scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device.
The device connects to a person’s knee. As the person walks, the device captures energy each time the person slows down. To do this , the device helps with the slowing sown movement of the leg.  The movements of the walking person push parts of a small machine that produces electricity. Using the device, an adult walking quickly could produce thirteen watts of electricity in just a minute. Donelan says walking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop computer for six minutes.
There are several possible uses for the device . Developers say it could help people who work in areas without electricity to operate small computers. The device could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers（起博器）. It could even be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs.
The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too costly for most people to buy. But the researchers hope to make a lighter, less costly version. An improved version should be ready in one year.
The developers hope the device will one day help developing countries. Nearly twenty five percent of people around the world live without electric power.
A similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of Pennsylvania. He created a bag carried on a person’s back that also produces power from walking. The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag . But the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.
小題1:The second paragraph mainly talks about       .
A．who developed the device
B．how the device works
C．several possible uses for the devices
D．how much electricity the device can produce
小題2:What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device?
A．It is too heavy for the walker to bear
B．It is too complex for people to use
C．It is too expensive for most people to afford
D．It will slow down one’s walking speed.
小題3:Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome ,this new device       .
A．produces power without adding more loads to the walker
B．can produce more power in a much shorter time
C．needs to be equipped with a battery
D．can help the walker walk faster
小題4:From the passage, we can learn that the electrical device can       .
A．help housewives operate the washing machine
B．make it much easier for us to go online
C．produce more electricity than that invented by Larry Rome
D．be applied to operate heart pacemakers
小題5:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．First device powered by walking will soon be on the market
B．Advanced technology brings in a new way to operate heart pacemakers
C．Device gives new meaning to the idea of power walking
D．Human energy will become a main source of electricity

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Baekeland and Hartmann report that the " short sleepers"  had been more or less average in  their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 0r so, the men voluntarily  began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other  activities. These men tended to regard their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these "short sleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic and cheerful. They  stuck to their opinions, and were very sure about their job choices..They often held several jobs at  once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal"  or " acceptable"  to their friends and colleagues.
When asked to remember their dreams,  the " short sleepers"  did poorly. More than this,  they seemed to prefer not remembering. Similarly, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was not to admit that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the " short sleepers"  were similar to,  but less extreme than,  sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic  (躁狂者).
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hanmann report that these young men have been lengthy sleepers since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concemed when sometimes they didn't have their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to remember their dreams much better than the  " short sleepers".      Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, quiet, nervous, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves ( particularly in social situations) . Several openly stated that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
小題1:From the passage, we can leam that           .
A．"short sleepers" need less sleep by nature
B．"long sleepers" sleep a longer period of time during the day
C．many "long sleepers" preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
D．many " short sleepers" have to reduce their nightly sleep time because of busy work
小題2:Many "short sleepers" are likely to hold the view that _____.
A．sleep is a good way to escape from the reality
B．sleep is not so important as their daily activities
C．sleep affects their judgment on some important things
D．sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
小題3: It can be learned from the passage that the"short sleepers" _____.
A．do not know how to relax properly
B．a(chǎn)re more unlikely to run into mental problems
C．a(chǎn)re full of energy even under the pressures of life
D．often pay little attention to the consequences of inadequate sleep
小題4: When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the "long sleepers" might ______.
A．a(chǎn)ppear disturbedB．become energetic
C．feel dissatisfiedD．be extremely unhappy

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you know mulch? Mulch is a protective cover of material that is spread on top of soil. It is usually made out of organic material, like crop waste. Farmers may keep the remains of corn or other crops on top of the soil. This creates mulch on the soil surface. The plant remains help protect the soil against wind and water damage. Mulching is one of the best things people can do for their plants. It also helps keep the soil from getting dry, and reduces the need for watering plants. It also limits temperature changes in the soil. And it stops unwanted plants, or weeds, from growing.
Organic mulch improves the condition of soil. As the mulch breaks down, it provides material which keeps the soil from getting hard. This improves the growth of roots and increases the movement of water through the soil. It also improves the ability of the soil to hold water. Organic mulch contains nutrients for plants. It also provides good environment for earthworms and other helpful living things in the soil.
It is easy to find organic mulch materials. Cut-up leaves and small pieces of tree bark can be used. Grass cuttings are also a good mulch for plants. Mulch from news- papers works well in controlling weeds.
The best time to add mulch depends on your goal. Mulch provides a thick barrier between the soil and the air. This helps to reduce temperature changes in the soil. As a result, mulched soil will be cooler than other soil in the summer. In winter, the mulched soil may not freeze as deeply as other soil. The best time is after the ground has frozen, but before the coldest weather arrives. Spreading mulch before the ground has frozen may attract small animals searching for a warm place to spend the winter. Delaying the spreading should prevent this problem. The animals will probably find another place to live.
小題1:The author tells us the following EXCEPT ______.
A．what mulch is and its advantages
B．the best time to add mulch
C．the bad effects of mulch
D．what can be mulch on the soil surface
小題2: The following can be used as organic materials to make mulch EXCEPT ______.
A．tree barksB．plasticC．grass cuttingsD．cut-up leaves
小題3: The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that organic mulch can ______.
A．improve the condition of soil
B．improve the ability of the soil to hold water
C．provide a good environment for earthworms
D．improve the growth of roots and increase the movement of water through the soil
小題4: From the last paragraph, we know ______.
A．the best time to add mulch is in spring and summer
B．the best time to add mulch is after the coldest weather arrives
C．the best time to add mulch is exactly the same time of each year
D．choosing the best time to add mulch can avoid attracting small animals

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Most students try to learn English grammar using grammar textbooks. They study grammar rules and take grammar tests. They use an analytical（分析的） approach, attempting to memorize, and then apply, a great number of rules.
However, research has proved this method inefficient and ineffective. The truth is, the human brain simply cannot consciously remember process and use hundreds of or thousands of grammar rules. Real speech is too fast.
Native speakers do not learn grammar in this way, but rather intuitively (憑直覺地) and unconsciously. They learn in a complete way, not by attempting to memorize individual grammar rules. As a result, native speakers use correct grammar fluently and easily.
Fortunately, it is possible for English learners to learn grammar this way. Language teacher Blaine Ray has developed a unique "intuitive" approach to teach English grammar. Her system uses "point of view" stories to teach the patterns of English grammar, allowing students unconsciously to acquire correct grammar without ever studying grammar rules.
In this system, the teacher first tells a simple story from one point of view. It may be told about the past, then repeated, but beginning with "since he was a child"; then repeated again, but this time about the future.
Listening to these stories allows students intuitively and effortlessly to learn English grammar and makes them be able to use it correctly when they speak.
Point of View Stories is a creative new way to study English grammar, and offers hope to millions of frustrated English learners.
小題1:Which of the following ways is approved by the author?
A．Remembering grammar rules.
B．Taking grammar tests.
C．Analyzing grammatical structure.
D．Applying language to situations.
小題2: What does the underlined part "this way" in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A．Talking to native speakers when learning.
B．Learning English grammar in a complete way.
C．Using correct English grammar.
D．Learning English grammar from a teacher.
小題3:From this passage we learn that ______.
A．native speakers learn English grammar by listening to stories
B．Blaine Ray’s method gets students to grasp correct grammar unconsciously
C．Blaine Ray teaches grammar rules by asking students to tell stories
D．it’s hard for students to speak correct English in the new system
小題4:This passage wants to ______.
A．criticize the traditional way of learning grammar
B．introduce a new way to study English grammar
C．a(chǎn)sk students to learn English grammar by listening to stories
D．tell us how the native speakers learn English grammar
小題5:Why shouldn’t the English learners use an analytical approach?
A．because the analytical approach can let them learn English grammar effortlessly
B．because the analytical approach makes them be able to use English correctly when they speak.
C．because the analytical approach can’t let them memorize and then apply a great number of rules.
D．because Real speech is too fast.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The fourth round of heavy smog to hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.
Pan Shiyi, a celebrity, said he is planning to propose a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative to the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 a.m. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents (應(yīng)答者) , welcomed his proposal.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze（霧霾）reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors almost all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide enough protection, so some people have turned to gas masks.
The causes of the frightening smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame too much emissions (排放) and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is enough wind to clear it away. Some critics blamed China’s top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of high-polluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile, some Beijingers have moved their brainstorming discussion to computers. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for “car-free days” in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter limit to industrial and engine gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
小題1:Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey?
A．To know the public’s opinions on pollution
B．To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather
C．To call on people to support his proposal
D．To collect supporting evidence for his proposal
小題2:What can we learn from the passage?
A．People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.
B．Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses.
C．Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases.
D．Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather.
小題3:Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to ______.
A．suggest Beijing should learn from other countries
B．let people know many places have this problem
C．tell people the situation in Britain is worse
D．call on the government to pass Britain’s Clean Air Act
小題4: What’s the best title for this passage？
A．The Use of Gas masks and Engines
B．Beijingers Call for Clean Air Act
C．Effective Protection for Blue Sky
D．The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog

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