The fourth round of heavy smog to hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.
Pan Shiyi, a celebrity, said he is planning to propose a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative to the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 a.m. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents (應(yīng)答者) , welcomed his proposal.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze（霧霾）reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors almost all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide enough protection, so some people have turned to gas masks.
The causes of the frightening smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame too much emissions (排放) and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is enough wind to clear it away. Some critics blamed China’s top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of high-polluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile, some Beijingers have moved their brainstorming discussion to computers. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for “car-free days” in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter limit to industrial and engine gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
小題1:Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey?
A．To know the public’s opinions on pollution
B．To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather
C．To call on people to support his proposal
D．To collect supporting evidence for his proposal
小題2:What can we learn from the passage?
A．People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.
B．Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses.
C．Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases.
D．Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather.
小題3:Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to ______.
A．suggest Beijing should learn from other countries
B．let people know many places have this problem
C．tell people the situation in Britain is worse
D．call on the government to pass Britain’s Clean Air Act
小題4: What’s the best title for this passage？
A．The Use of Gas masks and Engines
B．Beijingers Call for Clean Air Act
C．Effective Protection for Blue Sky
D．The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog

小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:A
小題4:B

試題分析：本文敘述了北京由于連續(xù)幾天的霧霾天氣，引起了一些人的呼吸道疾病，也引起了一些人的呼吁的心聲，讓中國立法來控制中國的嚴(yán)重的污染，得到了網(wǎng)民的大量擁護(hù)。中國可以借鑒英國的措施來治理污染。
小題1:推理題：從第二段的句子：Pan Shiyi, a celebrity, said he is planning to propose a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative to the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 a.m. 可知Pan Shiyi,在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行調(diào)查是為了他的提案尋找支持的證據(jù)，選D。
小題2:推理判斷題。根據(jù)The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly.可知霧霾,對疾病的抵抗力較低的人是更糟的，故選C
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.可知提到英國是為了讓北京可以向別的國家學(xué)習(xí)，故選A
小題4:標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文可知北京人呼吁立法來治理污染，故選B
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is often said that man has become the enemy of our planet. This is no exaggeration(夸張), for reports show that man’s greed has done much to destroy the earth. Man, in his greedy desire for financial growth, has polluted the air, land and water, and has robbed our valuable natural resources. Man’s industrial plants pour out poisonous waste that pollutes the sea and puts life in the sea under the threat of dying out; at the same time, they release alarming amounts of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other pollutants. Small wonder that the air now is much warmer and more impure than ever before.
Of course, this is not just because of man’s greed—it is man’s pressing need as well. For instance, in developing countries, huge financial foreign debts have forced governments to approve the cutting of forests for agriculture or ranching. As a result, forests are cut down just to meet man’s immediate needs.
Perhaps unknowingly，man has changed the make-up of the earth's atmosphere. Scientific studies have shown that CFCs used in refrigerators and industrial cleaners are fast destroying the ozone layer—a protective layer in the atmosphere that protects us against the harmful effects of the sun’s ultraviolet (紫外線)rays. In fact, documented reports have shown a terrible fact that there are “holes” in the ozone layer over the Antarctic. And they appear to be expanding.
Faced with these environmental problems, world leaders have shown deep concern. The UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) has arranged international agreements like the Vienna convention of 1985 and the Montreal Protocol of 1989 to preserve the ozone layer by controlling the production, use and trade of destructive chemicals.
There may be some doubt as to how effectual these agreements may be, given that some countries still maintain an “I-don’t-care” attitude. Their attitude is probably due to their failure to grasp the importance of the problem. Then, there is no doubt that environmental education on an international scale（規(guī)模）is greatly needed, so that all countries, great and small—the “haves” and the “have nots”—may realize their responsibilities for our planet.
In the meantime, the UNEP seems to have taken steps in the right direction, and it is hoped that in the not so distant future, all nations of the world will join hands in saving mother earth.
小題1:Which of the following is a reason for the cutting and burning of forests?
A．To build houses for more population. B．To have land for agriculture.
C．To export trees to other countries.D．To build industrial plants.
小題2:The holes in the ozone layer are largely due to________.
A．man’s research activities B．the greenhouse effect
C．the ultraviolent D．harmful chemicals
小題3:Why don’t some countries care about the problem of the environment?
A．They don’t want to put their lives in danger.
B．They just don’t know how to solve the problem.
C．They haven’t realized the seriousness of the problem.
D．They don’t want to break their international commitment.
小題4:66. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the environment?
A．Hopeful. B．Unconcerned C．Doubtful D．Objective

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

What if we could replace oil with a fuel which produced no pollution and which everybody had equal access to?The good news is that we can, In fact, we are swimming in it—literally.
Hydrogen is one of the building blocks of the universe ,Our own sun is basically ,a big ,dense cloud of the stuff ,And hydrogen can be used to create electricity for power ,heat and light.
The problem is that hydrogen is everywhere and nowhere at the same time , It does not exist as a material on its own ,but is always part of something else, So it has to be separated before it can be used.
Most commercial hydrogen in use now is created from natural gas , As oil will start to run out in around the year 2030.,it makes sense to produce as much hydrogen as possible as soon as we can ,But natural gas supplies will also begin to run out soon after, Another source is needed.
Researchers are now using electricity to make water into hydrogen ,Companies are working on the problem in their own areas ,The first commercial hydrogen ,”fuel cells”for computers and mobile phones have already come on to the market ,Auto companies have also invested over US ＄2billion in the production of hydrogen fuelled cars
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And electricity creates wealth, In South A frica over the last decade there has been a large programme of electrification, Thanks to the programme , people do not have to spend their days looking firewood to burn for heat, And with electric light , they can work long into the night.
Some scientists see radical changes in the way the human race co-operates, Hydrogen creates clectricity, and is also created by it. With dual use fuel cells, everyone who consumes energy could also produce it ,Late at night, a man drives home in London and connects his car into the “world-wide hydrogen web”, which it supplies with electricity ,A few hours later, a man in Beijing uses that electricity to power the hydrogen cell in his car, Hydrogen could be the first democratic energy source.
Like all dreams of the future, it seems very far away, But the threat of war and terrorism in the Middle East has made governments and businesses more aware of the need to edn oil dependency and spend more time and money on hydrogen resource, So maybe the threat of war is not a completely bad thing for the future of the human race.
小題1:What does the underlined word “it”in the last but one paragraph refer to?
A．wealthB．hydrogenC．electricityD．fuel
小題2:What is the problem with using hydrogen as energy?
A．It has by-products
B．It has to be separated from other materials
C．It will make energy too cheap
D．It is too far away from us
小題3:Why does the author give the example in the last but one paragraph?
A．To tell us that we produce energy while using hydrogen power
B．To tell us that hydrogen power does not produce pollution
C．To show hydrogen power can stop war
D．To show hydrogen power is cheap
小題4:What is the author’s attitude about the future?
A．skepticalB．negativeC．indifferentD．positive
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A．war and energy
B．the future of hydrogen as an energy resource
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Cast your mind back to the past twenty years and hardly did anyone have their own email account. The Internet had just taken off in 1991 and people were only using office and PC­based email exchanges.
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Fast forward the present day and most of us have at least a personal web­based email account. It seems impossible to live without them. One of the biggest advantages of email is the fact that communication has become so much easier, especially with those across different time zones. Email takes seconds to send a message whereas letters, as we used to communicate by, could take weeks. Of course there was the fax, that beeping invention from the 1980s, but it wasn’t as secure as email and you never knew if the person on the other end had picked up your fax or if it had got lost somewhere in the office.
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小題2:The author mentions “fax” in the third paragraph in order to tell us that _______.
A．it is exactly as good as email
B．it is much better than email
C．it is less convenient than email
D．it is easier and faster than email
小題3:The underlined word “compulsion” in Paragraph 4 probably means “_______”.
A．strong desireB．common senseC．special curiosityD．general idea
小題4:Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．We should check email boxes frequently.
B．Lazy people like sending an email.
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Have you ever seen any students whose trousers hang so low that you can see their underwear? What do you think of that? Fashionable? Some of today’s teenagers are big fans of such a look. But recently this trend has been at the center of an argument in Italian middle schools. The headmaster of a school in central Italy has asked students to stop wearing low-rise jeans that expose underwear and parts of the body. His request came after a class trip, when he saw one boy's baggy trousers slide to his feet. He pointed out that this way of dressing is not suitable for school. But in Italy, a nation that takes fashion very seriously, the suggestion caused a debate among parents, teachers and students. The issue is whether the headmaster's request will limit students' freedom— or whether dress in Italian schools is too casual. A parents' group praised the move in favor of good taste, while others advised schools to stop worrying about fashion and fix up old school buildings. “We do not want to kick fashion out,” the headmaster explained, “but extremes of fashion like this are not right in school.” Many other schools have now requested that their students also stop wearing such trousers. Most students have simply ignored the request. Ludovica Gaudio, 14, wore extremely low trousers exposing orange underwear in class. It was cold, so she wore a matching orange scarf. Another 14-year-old said she would probably respect the request, simply for practical reasons. “I don't really feel comfortable in those sort of jeans，” said Sarah Lattanzi, “in winter, when dressed like that, it's quite cold and I am afraid my stomach will ache.”
小題1:What led to the argument in Italian middle schools？______
A．Students' craze for fashions.B．Clothes that are too exposing.
C．Students' ignoring dress codes.（規(guī)則）D．Students' underwear.
小題2:Which of the following supports the headmaster's request?___
A．Fashion should be taken seriously.
B．Fashion should not be followed in school.
C．Students should have their freedom in choosing what they wear.
D．Students should be encouraged to have good taste in clothes.
小題3: The argument against the headmaster's request is that ______.
A．dress in Italian schools is too casual
B．fashion should not be followed in school
C．schools should pay attention to things more important than students' clothes
D．low-rise jeans can do harm to youngster's health
小題4:The purpose of this story is to ________
A．show Chinese students that wearing very fashionable clothes in school is under attack in other countries, too.
B．show that dress code is necessary even in a country like Italy
C．let us see that Italian students react differently to schools' requests.
D．tell us that a debate started in Italian middle schools over the way students dress in School

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Growers around the world are using new methods to grow grapes to make wine. They use natural and organic methods to control harmful insects and weeds instead of using chemicals. Now, a winery in Canada has adopted a natural way to control its grapevines (葡萄藤).The Featherstone Winery is in southern Ontario. The grapevines, like other plants, need to be cut every year.
Cutting grapevines must be done very carefully. Only a targeted area of leaves is removed from the lower part of the vines to help the grapes grow better. But at the Featherstone Winery, no man or machine does the cutting. Instead, the job is done by 40 little wooly lambs.
David Johnson owns the vineyard. He says he learned about using lambs while visiting wineries in New Zealand. The young lambs are perfectly designed to do the job. They eat the grape leaves on the lower parts of the vine. But they are not tall enough to reach the grapes. They only weigh about 22 kilograms, so they do not beat down the soil. And their waste makes good organic fertilizer. In addition, using the lambs costs much less than hiring workers to cut the vines for seven weeks in summer. And when the cutting is done in August, the lambs become tasty dishes.
Mr Johnson says he had a difficult time finding enough lambs to do the job. There are about 50 million lambs in New Zealand. But there are not nearly as many in Ontario. Also, some organic pesticides (殺蟲劑) are harmful to lambs. And the lambs must be watched to make sure they do not eat too much of the grapevines.
David Johnson says the lambs help him carry out his environmental ideas about farming. They are lovely and peaceful and he likes having them in his vineyard. People visiting the vineyard also enjoy watching the lambs do their job.
小題1:Farmers who grow grapes with natural and organic methods _____.
A．don't cut grapevines every year
B．don't use chemicals to control harmful insects and weeds
C．don't need to control harmful insects and weeds
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小題2:In order to help the grapes grow better, growers _____.
A．only have to remove the dead leaves
B．need to remove a specific area of leaves
C．shouldn't remove any part of the plants
D．should let little lambs do the cutting
小題3:Paragraph 4 is mainly about _____.
A．the future of getting lambs to do the cutting
B．the worries about using organic pesticides
C．the ways to get lambs to do the cutting
D．the problems related to lambs doing the cutting
小題4:We can infer from the passage that David Johnson______.
A．owns several wineries in Canada
B．buys lambs from New Zealand
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Teachers and parents usually pay attention to the pictures when they read storybooks to preschool children. But a new study suggests that paying attention to the words and letters on the page may lead to better readers.
The two-year study compared children who were read to this way in class with children who were not. Those whose teachers most often discussed the print showed clearly higher skills in reading, spelling and understanding. These results were found one year and even two years later.
Shayne Piasta, an assistant professor of teaching and learning at Ohio State University, was an author of the study. She says most preschool teachers would find this method manageable and would need only a small change in the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only difference would be increased attention to the printed text.
Ms Piasta says if you get children to pay attention to letters and words, it makes sense that they will do better at word recognition and spelling. But she says research suggests that very few parents and teachers do this in a systematic(系統(tǒng)的) way.
More than 300 children aged four and five were observed in classrooms in Ohio and Virginia. The children came from poor families and were below average in their language skills. This put them at risk of reading problems later. For 30 weeks, the children took part in a program called Project STAR. It tests the short-term and long-term results of reading regularly to preschool children in their classrooms.
There’re different ways that adults can talk to children about print. They can point to a letter and discuss it, and even trace the shape with a finger. They can point out a word, “This is a ‘dog’.” They can discuss how the words tell the story. And they can talk about the organization of the print—for example, showing how words are written left to right in English.
小題1:According to the text, Shayne Piasta _______.
A．worked in a middle school
B．didn’t attend the research at all
C．liked kids to be educated through words
D．hoped to increase kids’ interest through pictures
小題2:According to the text, Project STAR ____.
A．focused on adults’ education
B．was to study reading results
C．was mainly conducted at home
D．tested kids with good reading skills
小題3:What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Why words have meanings.
B．Different expressions of words.
C．How words are spelled differently.
D．Ways of teaching about print.
小題4: The text may appear in ____.
A．Child Development
B．Daily Technology
C．International Affairs
D．Health Development

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Every English learner hopes to find a patient native speaker who will politely correct mistakes and teach him some useful new vocabulary. But native speakers can be hard to find. If you’re having trouble communicating in English, American situation comedies are one good way to help.
They can not only give you a lot of information about American culture, but also offer some useful daily expressions. Watching them will help you enlarge your vocabulary and teach you correct language usage in different situations. Best of all, situation comedies are a fun way to learn.
The Apprentice
The American reality (現(xiàn)實) TV show is hosted by the famous businessman Donald Trump. It’s based on the idea of the final job interview for the final job. The show picks 16 people to compete for a job with Trump’s business. Those who fail their weekly tasks have to meet with Trump. They have to explain why they should not be fired (解雇).
The Apprentice is useful for English students who want to learn how to make up a persuasive (令人信服的) argument. For example, rather than say “I think I did a good job”, one may also learn to throw off the possibility of uncertainty by saying, “I did a good job.”
Desperate Housewives (DH)
Desperate Housewives is set in an invented American town, Wisteria Lane. It follows a group of middle-aged women as they go through their daily family lives. But in fact, those women live a life of lies, secrets, criminal (犯罪的) acts, and mystery.
This program is good at expressing the funny life of American neighbors. And, it’s the perfect comedy series for foreign learners wanting to see how to hold a relaxed daily conversation.
Another reason for watching DH is to learn some expressions American families use that are not in your English language textbooks. For example, the mothers often use words such as “sport” and “you guys” to speak about their kids. 　　
小題1:According to the passage, The Apprentice and DH are introduced because _____.
A．they are now the most popular programs
B．they are helpful in English learning
C．they are advertised for English beginners
D．they are enjoyed by most young people
小題2:Through watching the two American comedy series, English learners can do the following EXCEPT _____.
A．communicate with native speakers
B．know about American culture
C．pick up English daily expressions
D．learn more English words
小題3:In the author’s opinion, learning English through TV series is _____.
A．commonB．difficultC．enjoyableD．possible
小題4:We can learn from the passage that The Apprentice _____.
A．tells a story of school life B．is about real life
C．has 15 actorsD．is about some businessmen
小題5:Which of the following statements about DH can we get from the introduction?
A．The story happens in a village of America.
B．The housewives join in the same job interview.
C．The women in the American town lead a life full of sadness.
D．It does well in describing an interesting neighborhood in America.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In an ideal world, people would not test medicines on animals. Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time–consuming for people. Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge. That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.
Europe, on the whole, has the world’s most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research. Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year. But that is misleading. The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher. Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.
Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs. Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended. In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use. At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments. If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day. This practice means wasting time, money, and animals’ lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.
Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives. It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer. Europe’s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.
小題1:What is the main idea of this passage?
A．The success of animal experiments should be ensured.
B．A ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.
C．Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.
D．Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.
小題2:Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?
A．America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.
B．Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.
C．Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.
D．Japan has less comprehensive data on the number of lab animals used each year.
小題3:Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?
A．Statistical studies.
B．Computer models.
C．DNA planted in animals.
D．Tissue from dead animals.
小題4:What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?
A．They are not revealed to the public.
B．They are made into teaching materials.
C．They are collected for future publication.
D．They are not removed from the research topic list.

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