William Henry Bragg was born at Westward，Cumberland，on July 2,1862.He was educated at Market Harboroagh Grammar School and afterwards at King William’s College，Isle of Man.Elected as a minor scholar of Trinity College，Cambridge，in 1881，he studied mathematics under the wellknown teacher，Dr E．J.Routh.He studied physics in the Cavendish Laboratory during a part of 1885，and at the end of that year he was elected to the Professorship of Mathematics and Physics in the University of Adelaide，South Australia.
His research interests dealt with a great many fields and he was skilled at picking up a subject，almost casually，making an important contribution，and then dropping it again.However，the work of Bragg and his son Lawrence in 1913～1914 founded a new branch of science of the greatest importance and significance，the analysis of the crystal structure by means of Xrays.It is true that the use of Xrays as an instrument for the systematic revelation of the way in which crystals are built was entirely due to the Braggs.This was recognized by the award of the Nobel Prize jointly to father and son in 1915.
He was an honorary Doctor of some sixteen universities，and a member of the leading foreign societies.Many other medals and awards were bestowed upon him among which may be mentioned the Rumford Medal in 1916 and the Copley Medal (its premier award) in 1930.
He was the author of many books，including Studies in Radioactivity，XRays and Crystal Structure，The World of Sound，Concerning the Nature of Things，Old Trades and New Knowledge，An Introduction to Crystal Analysis，and The Universe of Light.His favorite hobby was golf.After a life of astonishing productiveness，Sir William Bragg died on March 10,1942.
【小題1】William Henry Bragg was awarded the Nobel Prize because________.
| A．he succeeded in using Xrays to find out the crystal structure |
| B．he was the first to use Xrays to help to do his experiment |
| C．he determined to learn everything well and then gave them up |
| D．he was successful in his research work with the help of his son |
| A．mathematics | B．physics |
| C．medicine | D．sports |
| A．Bragg became a professor in the University of Adelaide in 1885. |
| B．Bragg won the Rumford Medal and the Copley Medal in the same year. |
| C．Bragg gained great achievements in many fields，including society. |
| D．Bragg and Lawrence wrote the book XRays and Crystal Structure. |
| A．William Henry Bragg’s Productive Life |
| B．William Henry Bragg：A Famous Author |
| C．Bragg and His Son—Two Great Scientists |
| D．Xrays and the Crystal Structure |
【小題1】A
【小題2】C
【小題3】A
【小題4】A
解析【小題1】 A
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，Bragg和他的兒子用X光成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了水晶的結(jié)構(gòu)，這正是他被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的原因。
【小題2】 C
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中提到的他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)、第二段中他對(duì)晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的研究和最后一段中他喜歡打高爾夫球可知，他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)、物理和體育都有一定的興趣。文中并沒提及他對(duì)醫(yī)藥感興趣。
【小題3】 A
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段最后一句可知，Bragg在1885年成為了阿德萊德大學(xué)的一名教授，故A項(xiàng)正確。
【小題4】 A
解析 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了William Henry Bragg富有成果、多產(chǎn)的一生。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
It had been three months since Ms Miller had started teaching. She was gradually being able to understand all her students, except one, Bob. Bob was the only boy who came to school dressed untidily and sat in the class completely lost in his own world. His performance had been deteriorating gradually with every single day.
Ms Miller searched through the progress reports of Bob and was shocked to see Bob used to be the topper in his class. Bob's performance began to slowly decline when his mother fell ill. He was doing badly in each and every subject when his mother died leaving him alone with his father, who was a businessman and had to travel always. Apart from his performance worsening gradually, Bob's nature too began to change. He had forgotten to laugh and showed no interest in any activity. All his friends had abandoned him.
One day, Bob was asked to stay back.Ms Miller asked him if he had any problem understanding his lessons. Gradually she began to give him a comfort zone so that he could talk and share. After three weeks, she found Bob gradually improving. He was being able to answer the questions he previously failed. Every day after all the students went away, Ms Miller gave personal attention to Bob and began to spend time with him. Bob improved a lot over the next semester, showing definite signs of progress in his performance.
On a Friday, Bob came up to Ms Miller, handed her a box and requested her to open the box on Sunday. On Sunday morning, curious, she opened it and saw a bottle of perfume, half filled. Together with it was a small letter, saying that this bottle of perfume used to be his mother's and he wished Ms Miller to wear it so that every time she was around, he could feel his Mom near him. He thanked her for everything. Ms Miller took the bottle of perfume in her hand and saw a new tag attached to it; it said "Happy Mother's Day”!
Ms Miller suddenly realized that it was not she who had made a difference to Bob's life but it was Bob who made her realize what true humanity is!
【小題1】According to the text, Bob________.
| A．wore clean clothes all the time |
| B．was taller than any other one in his class |
| C．lost all of his friends after his mother's death |
| D．could always have his father for company at home |
| A．worsening | B．changing | C．thrilling | D．Improving |
| A．why Ms Miller would like to help Bob. |
| B．what Ms Miller did to help Bob. |
| C．how Bob attracted Ms Miller’s attention. |
| D．where Bob could sit comfortably |
| A．showed Bob was thankful for Ms Miller’s help |
| B．was given on Mother’s Day |
| C．made Bob a different student |
| D．was new and never used before |
| A．a(chǎn) teacher can totally change a student’s life |
| B．family is the most important place for kids |
| C．children don’t have to solve problems by themselves |
| D．one should have sympathy for another’s suffering and offer help |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
In 1943, during the Second World War the body of an English man, William Martin, was discovered off the Spanish coast. The papers he had been carrying were returned to England, where they were carefully examined. They had clearly been changed and that was exactly what the British had hoped would happen, for Martin was a trick designed to fool the Germans.
Martin did not exist. The body was that of a sailor who looked as though he had died when his boat sank, but in fact he had been ill and died. Leaving the boat to go down, his parents allowed the dead body to be put into the sea near Spain. It was hoped that the Germans would find it and read the fake(假的)papers he carried.
The papers said that the British would attack the island of Sardinia, when in fact they planned to attack the island of Sicily. The trick was successful. When the British landed on Sicily, most of the heavy German guns had been moved to defend(保衛(wèi)) Sardinia.
【小題1】______ put the papers on the dead man.
| A．The British | B．German spies | C．Spanish soldiers | D．William Martin |
| A．was a British spy with important information about the war |
| B．was killed by the British soldiers |
| C．died of an illness |
| D．had the fake papers of the British Army |
| A．Martin did exist | B．Martin was a German spy |
| C．the Germans had read the papers | D．they should attack Sardinia |
| A．c.b.a.e.g.f.d. | B．c.a.b.d.g.f.e. | C．a(chǎn).c.b.g.f.e.d. | D．b.c.a.g.e.f.d. |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
A mother from Colorado who doctors said had died while giving birth to her son, has said it is a Christmas miracle that both she and the boy are alive.
Tracey Hermanstorfer's heart stopped beating and her son Coltyn appeared lifeless after the Caesarean(剖腹產(chǎn)術(shù))section on Christmas Eve. However a few minutes after he was born, both began breathing again. Dr Stephanie Martin told Good Morning America she could not explain how the pair survived. Mrs Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike told the American television show that their baby was now healthy and that they were doing “good” following the drama at Colorado Springs Memorial Hospital.
The couple, who already had two children, had to go into the hospital seven weeks earlier than planned. Her husband, 37, said his wife was tired after receiving an epidural(硬腦膜外麻醉)during the labour(分娩)but after closing her eyes, she “wasn't waking up”．She stopped breathing and she is believed to have suffered a heart attack before her heart stopped beating entirely.
Dr Martin said she was called in and that the outlook was grim since in most situations like this，“despite the best efforts of the team”， the mother was often unable to be revived. In that case doctors then tried to focus on delivering the baby but when he was born he was “completely lifeless”．
Mr Hermanstorfer told the Associated Press news agency，“I had everything in the world taken from me, and in an hour and a half I had everything given to me.”
Dr Martin said she did not have a “great explanation” for why Mrs Hermanstorfer's heartbeat returned. “Somewhere between four and five minutes she had been without heart rate and had stopped breathing a minute or two prior to her heart stopping，” she said. The doctors were then able to bring the baby back to life, and the mother was alive after that.
Despite tests, she said doctors were still not sure about what had happened. However Mrs Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike have said they believed it was down to a miracle. She said：“I got a second chance in life.”
【小題1】The story happened on________.
| A．December, 24 | B．December, 25 | C．December, 31 | D．January, 1 |
| A．She became unconscious. | B．She took a nap. |
| C．She had a bad headache. | D．She suffered a heart attack. |
| A．a(chǎn)cfdbe |
| B．fcadbe |
| C．eacbfd |
| D．eabcfd |
| A．Sad and delighted. | B．Disappointed and depressed. |
| C．Sad and angry. | D．Touched and regrettable. |
| A．Shocked. | B．Puzzled. | C．Normal. | D．Curious. |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
My mind went blank when I saw the gun pointing against the car window as we pulled out of the garage. This can't be happening to me. Then I felt the gun, cold, against my head, and I heard my friend Jeremy saying，“What do you want? Take my wallet，” but at the time I thought of nothing.
I remember being a little annoyed when the gunman pulled me from the car by the hair. I remember the walk to the house—Jeremy, me, the two men with two guns. I remember the fear and anger in the gunmen's voices because Jeremy was being slow, and I remember wondering why he was being slow. I did not realize that Jeremy had thrown the keys into the bush. But I remember that sound of the gun hitting Jeremy's head and the feeling as the man who had hold of my hair released me. And I remember the split second when I realized he was looking at Jeremy，and I remember wondering how far I could run before he pulled the trigger. But I was already running, and upon reaching the car across the street, I didn't crouch (蹲伏) behind it but screamed instead.
I remember thinking there was something ridiculous and illogical about screaming “Help, help！” at eight o'clock on a Tuesday evening in December and changing my plea(懇求) to the more specific “Help, let me in, please let me in！” But the houses were cold, closed, unfriendly, and I ran on until I heard Jeremy's screams behind me announcing that our attackers had fled.
The neighbors who had not opened their doors to us came out with baseball bats and helped Jeremy find his glasses and keys. In a group they were very brave. We waited for the police to come until someone said to someone else that the noodles were getting cold, and I said politely，“Please go and eat. We're OK.”
I was happy to see them go. They had been talking of stricter sentences for criminals, of bringing back the death penalty(處罰) and how the President is going to clean up the country. I was thinking, they could be saying all of this over my dead body, and I still feel that stiffer sentences wouldn't change a thing. In a rush all the anger I should have felt for my attackers was directed against these contented people standing in front of their warm, comfortable homes talking about all the guns they were going to buy. What good would guns have been to Jeremy and me?
People all over the neighborhood had called to report our screams, and the police turned out in force twenty minutes later. They were illtempered about what was, to them, much trouble about nothing. After all, Jeremy was hardly hurt, and we were hopeless when it came to describing the gunmen. “Typical，” said one policeman when we couldn't even agree on how tall the men were. Both of us were able to describe the guns in horrifying detail, but the two policemen who stayed to make the report didn't think that would be much help.
The policemen were matteroffact about the whole thing. The thin one said，“That was a stupid thing to do, throwing away the keys. When a man has a gun against your head you do what you're told.” Jeremy looked properly embarrassed.
Then the fat policeman came up and the thin one went to look around the outside of the house. “That was the best thing you could have done, throwing away the keys，” he said. “If you had gone into the house with them...” His voice became weaker. “They would have hurt her” ——he twisted his head toward me——“and killed you both.” Jeremy looked happier. “Look，” said the fat policeman kindly, “ there's no right or wrong in the situation. There's just luck.”
All that sleepless night I replayed the moment those black gloves came up to the car window. How long did the whole thing last? Three minutes, five, eight? No matter how many hours of my life I may spend reliving it, I know there is no way to prepare for the next time—no intelligent response to a gun. The fat cop was right. There's only luck. The next time I might end up dead.
And I’m sure there will be a next time. It can happen anywhere, anytime, to anyone.Security is an illusion(幻覺); there is no safety in locks or in guns. Guns make some people feel safe and some people feel strong, but they're fooling themselves.
【小題1】When the writer saw the gun pointing against the car window，________.
| A．she felt very annoyed |
| B．she lost consciousness |
| C．she felt very much nervous |
| D．she lost the power of thinking |
| A．Jeremy's fighting. |
| B．The author's screaming. |
| C．Their neighbour's brave action. |
| D．The police's arrival. |
| A．they were much too frightened |
| B．they were busy preparing dinners |
| C．they needed time to find baseball bats |
| D．they thought someone was playing a trick |
| A．neighbors are not helpful in moments of difficulty |
| B．the police are not reliable when one is in trouble |
| C．security is impossible as long as people can have guns |
| D．preventing robbers entering your house is the best choice |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
A ship was damaged during a storm at sea and only two of the men aboard were able to swim to a small island. Not knowing what else to do, the two survivors decided that they should pray to God.
However, to find out whose prayers were more powerful, they agreed to divide（分割開）the land between them and stay on opposite sides of the island.
The first thing they prayed for was food. The next morning, the first man saw a tree on his side of the island, and he was able to eat its fruit. But the other man’s side of land remained barren.
After a week, the first man became lonely and decided to pray for a wife. The next day, another ship was damaged and the only survivor was a woman who swam to his side of the island. But on the other side of the island, there was nothing.
Soon the first man prayed for a house, clothes and more food. The next day, like magic, all of these things were given to him. However, the second man still had nothing.
Finally, the first man prayed for a ship so that he and his wife could leave the island, and in the morning he found a ship stopped at his side of the island.
The first man boarded the ship with his wife and decided to leave the second man on the island. As the ship was about to leave, the first man heard a voice from Heaven, “Why are you leaving your partner on the island?”
“My blessings are mine alone since I was the one who prayed for them.” The first man answered. “ His prayers were all unanswered so he doesn’t deserve anything.”
“You are mistaken!” the voice said. “He had only one prayer, which I answered. He prayed that all your prayers would be answered.”
【小題1】Why didn’t the two men stay together on the island?
| A．Because they both wanted to live a quiet life |
| B．Because they couldn’t get along well with each other |
| C．Because they wanted to test the power of their prayers |
| D．Because they wanted to keep their own life secret from others |
| A．noisy | B．empty | C．dangerous | D．calm |
| A．Hard-working | B．Lucky | C．Selfish | D．Dishonest |
| A．God helps those who help themselves |
| B．A life without a friend is a life without a sun |
| C．A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds |
| D．What we do for others is more important than what we do for ourselves |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
In the past two years, his wife, Merlie, and their seven children have said “goodbye” to him four times, most recently last month. Each time it has been unnecessary.
Mr. Smart had a hip (髖關(guān)節(jié)) replacement in February at the Burnie hospital but was rushed back two months later with internal bleeding.
“The doctors couldn’t stop the bleeding,”Mrs. Smart said. Medical staff told Mrs. Smart to contact her family, which includes children in Western Australia. “It took two days for them to get here. We had to hope he hung on .” He did.
“The doctors were there 24 hours a day and they stopped the bleeding. They brought him back,”Mrs. Smart said. “I certainly believe in miracles because I’ve seen one happen, but it wouldn’t have happened if the doctors didn’t do what they did.”
It was the second time Mrs. Smart thought she was losing her husband of 54 years. Two years ago, Mr. Smart was admitted to the Launceston General Hospital after a heart attack and a few days later with Hospital after a heart attack and a few days later with intense pain caused by a hemorrhage (出血) .Again, the family was called to say goodbye---twice.
“I was given a 50-50 chance of coming out of it, ” Mr. Smart said.
Going through the ordeal(苦難，折磨) then was trying on the family, who had prepared themselves for the worst. But to face the same situation only two years later was hard. The Smarts said the support they received at the Burnie hospital helped them through.
And it seems the experience has also left an impression at the hospital. Mrs. Smart said when she rang recently and mentioned her husband’s name, the reply was “ah the miracle man”.
【小題1】The first time Mrs. Smart and the children said goodbye to Mr. Smart was when he had .
| A．a(chǎn) hip replacement | B．internal bleeding |
| C．a(chǎn) heart attack | D．intense pain caused by a hemorrhage |
| A．only his wife believed he could survive |
| B．no one believed that he could survive |
| C．he had given up hope of recovering |
| D．it didn’t take the doctors long to stop the bleeding |
| A．concern | B．puzzle | C．fear | D．wonder |
| A．beat the pain | B．came back to life |
| C．lived through | D．make his fortune |
| A．The Miracle Man. | B．The Kind Doctors and Nurses. |
| C．A Devoted Wife. | D．A Great Family. |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
One year our family decided to have a special celebration of Mother’s Day, as a token of appreciations for all the sacrifices that Mother had made for us. After breakfast we had arranged, as a surprise, to hire a car and take her for a beautiful drive in the country. Mother was rarely able to have a treat like that, because she was busy in the house nearly all the time.
But on the very morning of the day, we changed the plan a little, because it occurred to Father that it would be even better to take Mother fishing. As the car was hired and paid for, we might as well use it to drive up into the hills where the streams are. As Father said, if you just go driving without object, you have a sense of aimlessness, but if you are going to fish there is a definite purpose that heightens the enjoyment.
So we all felt it would be nicer for Mother to have a definite purpose . Father had just got a fishing rod the day before, which he said mother could use if she wanted to. Only Mother said she would much rather watch him fish than try to fish herself.
So we got her to make up a sandwich lunch in case we got hungry, though we were to come home again to a big festive dinner.
Well, when the car came to the door, it turned out that there was not as much space in it as we had supposed. It was plain that we couldn’t all get in.
Father said that he could just stay home and put in the time working in the garden. He said that there was a lot of rough dirty work that he could do, like digging a trench for the garbage, which would save hiring a man, and so he said that he’d stay home; he said that we were not to let the fact that he had not had a real holiday for three years stand in our way. He wanted us to go right ahead and not to mind him.
But of course we all felt that it would never do to let Father stay home, especially as we knew he would make trouble if he did. The two girls, Anne and Mary, would have stayed and helped the maid get dinner, only it seemed such a pity,for the two girls were eager to show their new hats on a lovely day like this. But they said that Mother had only to say the word and they’d gladly stay home and work. Will and I would have dropped out, but unfortunately we wouldn’t have been any use in preparing the dinner.
【小題1】The author’s family decided to celebrate Mother’s Day specially to _______.
| A．show love for their mother |
| B．show gratitude to their mother |
| C．show respect for their mother |
| D．to make up for a previous appointment |
| A．Father proposed to go fishing out |
| B．we thought that driving out is boring |
| C．we failed to hire a car to go out |
| D．the car was not big enough |
| A．The car was too old to drive on mountain roads. |
| B．The car was larger than we expected. |
| C．The car was too small to accommodate us all. |
| D．The car was too plain looking. |
| A．Because his sisters didn’t join in. |
| B．Because he needed to have dinner. |
| C．Because he couldn’t cook the dinner. |
| D．Because he hadn’t had a real holiday for three years. |
| A．Everything comes to him who waits. |
| B．Changes always go beyond plans. |
| C．Better late than never. |
| D．Once on shore, one prays no more. |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sevigne in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities(設(shè)備) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognized in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.
In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(輻射能). Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.
【小題1】Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?
| A．Because she received a degree in mathematics. |
| B．Because she contributed to saving the wounded. |
| C．Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic. |
| D．Because she worked as a helper to her mother. |
| A．At the Curie Institute. | B．At the University of Paris. |
| C．At a military hospital. | D．At the College of Sevigne. |
| A．In 1932. | B．In 1927. | C．In 1897. | D．In 1926. |
| A．Irene worked with radioactivity. |
| B．Irene combined family and career. |
| C．Irene won the Nobel Prize once. |
| D．Irene died from leukemia. |
| A．Marie Curie | B．Irene Curie |
| C．Marie Curie’s husband | D．Irene Curie’s husband |
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