(2013·高考福建卷，B)Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone，and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch.Some in the city can’t wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.
“ I’d use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a．m.and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open，”said Walter Choo,40，of Fort Greene.
The smartphone­like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600，the Times said，possibly including a variation of augmented(增強(qiáng)的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets (平板電腦) that overlays information onto the screen about one’s surroundings.So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.
“As far as a mainstream consumer product，this just isn’t something anybody needs，”said Sam Biddle，who writes for Gizmodo.com.“ We’re accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things，”he added，“and the average consumer isn’t gonna be able to afford another device (裝置) that’s hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”
9to5Google publisher Seth Weintraub，who has been reporting on the smartphone­like glasses since late last year，said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.
“It’s just like smartphones 10 years ago，”Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones，and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones，and it’s unnatural，”he said.“ There’s gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.”
小題1:One of the possible functions of the smartphone­like glasses is to ________.
A．program the opening hours of a bar
B．supply you with a picture of the future
C．provide information about your surroundings
D．update the maps and GPS in your smartphones
小題2:The underlined phrase“pop up”in the third paragraph probably means“ ________”．
A．develop rapidly
B．get round quickly
C．a(chǎn)ppear immediately
D．go over automatically
小題3:According to Sam Biddle，the smartphone­like glasses are ________.
A．necessary for teenagers
B．a(chǎn)ttractive to New Yorkers
C．a(chǎn)vailable to people worldwide
D．expensive for average consumers
小題4:We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphone­like glasses ________.
A．may have a potential market
B．a(chǎn)re as common as smartphones
C．a(chǎn)re popular among young adults
D．will be improved by a new technology

小題1:C
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:A
本文為一篇介紹性的說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種類(lèi)似于智能手機(jī)的眼鏡的功能及這種新科技產(chǎn)品的前景。
小題1:解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的描述．..a technology already available on smartphones and tablets(平板電腦)that overlays information onto the screen about one’s surroundings.可知“智能手機(jī)和平板電腦的這種技術(shù)能將周?chē)h(huán)境的信息覆蓋到屏幕上”，再結(jié)合后文的舉例可知，這種類(lèi)似于智能手機(jī)的眼鏡的功能之一就是能為你提供周?chē)h(huán)境的信息。
小題2:解析：選C。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，這種類(lèi)似于智能手機(jī)的眼鏡能為使用者提供周?chē)h(huán)境的信息，例如：如果你走在大街上，指示器就會(huì)立即告訴你最近的咖啡店或其他一些信息。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后面的showing you the nearest coffee shop可知pop up的意思為appear immediately“立即出現(xiàn)”。A項(xiàng)意為“快速發(fā)展”，B項(xiàng)意為“(消息)快速傳開(kāi)”，D項(xiàng)意為“自動(dòng)復(fù)習(xí)”。
小題3:解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段所述．..and the average consumer isn’t gonna be able to afford another device(裝置)that’s hundreds and hundreds of dollars.可知Sam Biddle認(rèn)為對(duì)于普通顧客而言，他們沒(méi)有能力來(lái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)如此貴的裝置。
小題4:解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段，Seth Weintraub認(rèn)為這種可戴式新科技產(chǎn)品最終會(huì)像其他智能手機(jī)一樣普遍。再結(jié)合最后一段的例子特別是最后一句話There’s gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.可看出這種新科技產(chǎn)品會(huì)很快流行起來(lái)，言外之意是這種新科技產(chǎn)品的市場(chǎng)潛力很大。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Two­thirds of the world's major rivers have now been disrupted with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to  store water and provide power.In the US，there are more than 85,000 dams，disrupting large and small rivers，and in most cases transforming natural flow.The most famous of these，the Hoover Dam，constructed in the 1930s，is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.
Dams，besides all their attractive benefits，also have negative impacts.Creating a reservoir means a large area must be flooded.Communities may lose their land，houses and culturally important sites.
Environmentally，the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife，especially birds；however，it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water.Also，the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with，resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs.Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows，for example，may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.
Downstream(在下游方向)of a dam，the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.Many rivers run through national borders，which may cause conflict over precious water.Disputes have been continuing between India and Pakistan，and Turkey，Syria and Iraq，for example.
Dams don't just block the flow of water.They also prevent fish migrations，and dams are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物)flows.Instead of rushing downriver，sediments get backed up against the dam wall，which causes the reservoir level to increase over time.However，sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem.The fertility of the entire system can be influenced，with soils lost during seasonal rains not being replaced.
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas，which are sinking into the oceans.Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city，causing the city to sink，and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced.The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.
小題1:The Hoover Dam is mentioned in the passage in order to show________.
A．dams play an important role in our life
B．dams have impacted the flow of the rivers
C．dams make people lose their land and houses
D．dams have many benefits as well as side effects
小題2:What effects does creating a reservoir have on people's life?
a．People will see fewer birds on the sides of the rivers.
b．Farmers will have less water to irrigate their fields.
c．Visitors can't visit some cultural relics any more.
d．More conflicts and wars over water will break out.
e．More kinds of fish will become extinct in future.
A．a(chǎn)，c　B．c，e
C．b，e　D．b，c
小題3:With many dams built across the rivers，fish ________.
A．will find more places to lay their eggs
B．will face a dangerous habitat
C．will be fed on more sediments rich in nutrients
D．will find it easier to deal with the rise of water
小題4:How can dams influence large cities like Shanghai?
A．Their entire system will be influenced.
B．The rainy season will last longer.
C．They will lie below sea level in future.
D．Rich soils will be washed away.
小題5:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Environmental loss of dams.
B．Cultural loss of dams.
C．Economic gain of dams.
D．Environmental benefits of dams.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

(2013·高考北京卷，D)People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests.The findings，based on performances and self­evaluations by about 275 college students，indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，”said David Sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the University of Utah.
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensation­seeking (尋求刺激) or impulsive (沖動(dòng))they were.They then evaluated the participants’multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.
Not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensation­seeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.
“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity，but because they’re distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important，”Sanbonmatsu said.
Adam Gazzaley，a researcher at the University of California，San Francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.
The findings do suggest，however，why the sensation­seekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”said Paul Atchley，another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.”
小題1:The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask________.
A．seek high productivity constantly
B．prefer handling different things when getting bored
C．a(chǎn)re more focused when doing many things at a time
D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time
小題2:When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，they________.
A．a(chǎn)ssessed the multitasking ability of the students
B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students
C．a(chǎn)nalyzed the effects of the participants’tricky mental
tasks
D．measured the changes of the students’understanding ability
小題3:According to Sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of their________.
A．limited power in calculation
B．interests in doing things differently
C．inability to concentrate on one task
D．impulsive desire to try new things
小題4:From the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usually________.
A．drive very skillfully
B．go in for difficult tasks
C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers
D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



techniques , but he admitted there would be difficulties in meeting his goal .
“ For example , if you run out of ink while printing on paper , you will throw that paper away . But you cannot throw half-completed buildings away if your material gets stuck , ” he said . Although the printed house is not available to visit , there is a chance for people in Shanghai to see items printed in 3D.
The Belgium-based company Materialise NV held a 3D printing exhibition in Shanghai that started in late 2012 and ended in the middle of 2013 . The company is eager to show Asia what is possible with 3D printing .
“ All the pieces shown here are what cannot be made through traditional techniques . A good example of this customization is hearing aids . More than 10 million people already use 3D printed hearing aids, all made according to the size of their ears , ” said Wim Michiels , executive vice-president at Materialise NV .
“ You can produce anything whenever and wherever you like . You don’t need to set up production lines for pieces that only need a limited amount of products . Setting up a production line is a lot of work . It takes a long time and is very expensive for a limited number of pieces , ” said Michiels .
Kim Francois , managing director of Materialise China , said their European and American clients have already taken the next step toward additive manufacturing with small series production such as hearing aids .
小題1:What is mainly talked about in the text ?
A. The development of 3D printing .
B. A 3D printing show in Shanghai .
C. Varieties of items printed in 3D .
D. The company Materialise NV .
小題2:According to Behrokh Khoshnevis , what is the main difficulty in printing buildings ?
A．Time .B．Technique .C．Space .D．Material .
小題3:The example of 3D printed hearing aids was mentioned to show that ______________ .
A．these items used to be impossible to make
B．3D printing has a large market share
C．3D hearing aids help people hear better
D．people need different sized hearing aids
小題4:According to the text , 3D printing is suitable for ___________ .
A．mass production
B．making small items
C．small series production
D．reducing production costs

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Boys at the top of the pecking order(長(zhǎng)幼次序) either by birth or because their older brothers died score higher on IQ tests than their younger brothers. 
Norwegian researchers now report that it’s a matter of what they call social rank in the family that gives the first born the highest scores or, if the first born had died young, the next oldest. 
Kristensen and Bjerkedal studied the IQ test results of 241,310 Norwegian men drafted(征兵) into the armed forces between 1967 and 1976. All were aged 18 or 19 at the time. 
The average IQ of first-born men was 103.2, they found second-born men averaged 101.2, but second-born men whose older brother died young scored 102.9. And for third-borns, the average was 100.0. But if both older brothers died young，the third-born score rose to 102.6.
The findings provide “evidence that the relation between birth order and IQ score is dependent on the social rank in the family and not birth order as such.” they concluded.
It’s an issue that has been hotly discussed since at least 1874,when Sir Francis Galton reported that men in noticeable positions tended to be firstborns more often than would have been statistically (統(tǒng)計(jì)) expected.
Since then, several studies have reported higher intelligence scores for firstborns, while other analyses have questioned those findings and the methods of those reports.
“These two researchers prove that how study participants(參與者) were raised, not how they were born, is what actually influences their IQs,” said Sulloway, an American professor, who was not part of the research team.
“The elder child pulls ahead,” he said, “perhaps as a result of learning gained through the process of tutoring younger brothers and sisters”. 
“The older child benefits by having to organize and express its thoughts to tutor youngsters”, he said, “while the later born children may have no one to tutor.”
小題1:According to Norwegain researchers’ finding, which of the following is linked to boys’ IQ?
A．Birth orderB．Position in the family
C．Parents’ social rankD．Educational experience
小題2:What does the sentence “It’s an issue that has been hotly discussed” underlined in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Many people take interest in IQ study.
B．IQ study has gone further and further.
C．Many people do research on boys’ IQ.
D．Opinions are divided on the conclusion.
小題3:According to Kristensen and Bjerkedal’s test results, parents can make youngsters smarter by ________.
A．treating them as the oldest child
B．teaching them as the oldest child
C．talking to them as much as possible
D．encouraging them to express thoughts

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Hu Li's heart sank due to the color of the air.Driving 140 kilometers from Tianjin City to Beijing last week，she held her breath as the air became a charcoal grey haze(炭灰色的陰霾)．The 39­year­old businesswoman has lived in Beijing for a decade，and this past month，she said，brought the worst air pollution she has ever seen.It gave her husband a cough and left her seven­year­old daughter housebound(足不出戶(hù))．“My husband as well as I is working here，so we have no choice，” she said.“But if we had a choice，we'd like to escape from Beijing.”
The extended heavy pollution over the last month，which caused punishment in return for a day last week－called the “airpocalypse” by internet users－ has largely changed the way that Chinese think about the country's air.On one day，pollution levels were 30 times higher than levels considered safe by the World Health Organization (WHO)．Flights were cancelled.Roads were closed.One hospital in east Beijing reported they had treated more than 900 children for breathing issues.Bloomberg found that for most of January，Beijing's air was worse than that of an airport smoking area.
The smog's(煙霧) most threatening aspect is its high concentration(濃度) of PM 2.5 － particulate matter that is small enough to breathe deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream，causing breathing infections，lung cancer and possibly damaging children's development.The WHO has estimated that outdoor air pollution accounts for two million deaths per year，65% of them in Asia.
小題1:Which conclusion can we draw from the first paragraph?
A．Hu Li is living in Beijing.
B．Hu Li traveled to Tianjin for business.
C．The haze is harmful to people.
D．The pollution is the worst in Beijing's history.
小題2:The haze affected people mainly in________．
A．the way they traveled
B．the opinion about national air
C．the way they lived their life
D．the life style of internet
小題3:From the passage we know high concentration of PM 2.5________．
A．can lead to choke
B．can cause heart cancer
C．will damage children's development
D．will damage people's organ
小題4:What's the best title for the passage?
A．Hu Li's attitudes to Beijing's haze
B．The damages of Beijing's haze
C．WHO suggests improving Beijing's air
D．What caused air pollution in Beijing

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



Today, when a fire breaks out, you can be sure a citizen with a cell-phone camera has posted it to Facebook or Twitter, or sent it to the media. But up to now, that citizen has not been able to easily send images and details of what is happening to the people who need it most: police, firefighters and building-security people who must respond, and whose ability to help is often measured in minutes, if not seconds.
That's about to change. A one-year old company called Elerts has developed a system that's designed to mobile and social technologies to speed the flow of information between citizens and emergency workers in time of danger. The system involves free mobile applications—iPhone and iPad app（應(yīng)用軟件）is available now—that eyewitnesses can use to report incidents and get public-safety warnings. And Elerts is offering a management console（控制臺(tái)）for security firms and universities to receive the reports and distribute warnings and instructions, like a map with the best evacuation route（疏散路線）.
The service is the brainchild of Chris Russo, deputy fire chief in the coastal town of Hull, Mass. As mobile communications sped up, he grew increasingly frustrated by his inability to communicate effectively with colleagues and the public, particularly with people who are at the scene and might be able to provide help.
"Remembering situations when communications failed puts a pit in my stomach," Mr. Russo says. Last summer, he was in a search at a beach for a missing boy, who went into a bathhouse but didn't come out. First responders feared an abduction （綁架） on the beach or shark attack. The child's mother, who didn't speak English well, was so sad that she couldn't remember what color shorts he had on. Mr. Russo had no photo of the child, and no ability to turn to beachgoers.
Two long hours later, the boy was spotted by a low-flying helicopter lost and alone on the beach crying—a lucky break. "If 5 percent of beachgoers had an app to receive a message and send in sightings of a lost boy, the happy ending might have come much sooner," Mr. Russo said.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．A moving story of Chris Russo．B．An app for reporting emergency．
C．A cell-phone instant service．D．An app for firm management．
小題2:What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Makes me feel frustrated．B．Causes a stomachache．
C．Arouses my interest．D．Leaves a hole in my stomach．
小題3:We can infer from the passage that emergency workers ____．
A．have to carry out rescue work in minutes
B．must send images and details immediately
C．need images and detailed information badly
D．have to turn to Facebook and Twitter for details
小題4:The author takes Chris Russo's experience as an example to ____．
A．a(chǎn)dvertise his creativity in communication
B．show readers the working principle of the new system
C．make the passage more interesting to read
D．inform readers how Russo got the idea of the service

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Did anyone find the names of “Great Britain”, “the United Kingdom”, “England” and “the British commonwealth” which have the same meaning? Strictly speaking, these names all refer to something different. None of them are exactly the same as any of the others.
The British isles refer to the main islands and several thousand small ones as well, which you can see on the map. Great Britain, or Britain, refers to the larger of the two main islands. But the word “Britain” is often used as a short form for the United Kingdom or you call it the UK.
Now as for England, it refers simply to the largest of the three countries on the island of Great Britain. The United Kingdom is the name of the state and the official name of the country, which many people popularly refer to England.
Finally, the Britain commonwealth is the usual name for what is left of the British Empire (帝國(guó)). This change shows the weakening of British Empire and the rising of the national liberation movements throughout the world today.
小題1:According to the passage, we know that _____________.
A．Great Britain has the same meaning as Britain
B．a(chǎn)ll the names refer to England
C．the United Kingdom has the same meaning as Britain or England
D．a(chǎn)ll the names in the first paragraph have the same meaning
小題2: It is clear that the British isles refer to _____________.
A．Britain, England and the UK
B．the two main islands and thousands of small ones
C．three countries and several islands
D．Great Britain or the United Kingdom
小題3:We can infer that           .
A．The country hasn’t an exact name.
B．Few people know its real name.
C．All the names have exact meaning.
D．Generally speaking,the names can all be used to stand for the country.
小題4:Which of the following shows the right relationship (關(guān)系) between the British isles (BI), Britain (B) and England (E)?
A. B>BI>E. B. BI>E>B.        C. E>B>BI.    D. BI>B>E.
小題5:If you want to write to someone in Edinburgh that lies in Scotland, you should write the address as _____________.
A．Edinburgh, England
B．Edinburgh, Scotland ,Great Britain
C．Scotland, Edinburgh, England
D．Great Britain, Scotland, Edinburgh

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

About ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred if affected in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman.
There are different forms of color blindness. In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person can’t tell the differences between blue and green. In rare cases an unlucky man sees everything in shades of green--- a strange world in deed.
Color blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain. In a single eye there are millions very small things called “cones”. These help us see in a bright day and tell the differences between colors. There are also millions of “rods”, but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shapes(形狀) but not color. Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes like blue but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects but a blue lamp will. In similar way human being also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky. With the aid of cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colors by day and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night. One day we may even learn more about the invisible colors around us.
小題1:The passage is mainly about ______.
A．color and its surprising effects on drivers
B．women being luckier than man in that fewer of them are color blind
C．danger caused by color blindness
D．color blindness and how our eyes tell different colors and shapes
小題2:According to the passage, with the help of “cones” we can _____.
A．tell different colorsB．see in weak light
C．tell different shapesD．tell orange from yellow
小題3:Why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women?
A．Women are more careful.
B．There are fewer color blind women.
C．Women are fonder of driving than men.
D．Women are weaker but quicker in thinking.
小題4:Which of the following statements about color blind people is true?
A．Not all of them have the same problem in recognizing colors.
B．None of them can see deep red but all can tell blue from green.
C．None of them can tell blue from green but all can see deep red.
D．All of them are lucky enough to see everything in shades of green.

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