2009高三精品沖刺金卷―地質(zhì)地貌

       圖1是“護(hù)送2008奧運圣火登頂珠峰的大本營”圖片，圖2是浙江“雁蕩勝境”圖片。讀圖，回答問題：

形成珠峰大本營附近碎屑堆積物和雁蕩山陡崖峽谷的主要外力作用分別是    (    )

A．風(fēng)力侵蝕、流水堆積

B．冰川堆積、流水侵蝕

C．流水堆積、冰川侵蝕

D．冰川侵蝕、風(fēng)力沉積

試題詳情

2009高三精品沖刺金卷―地球上的水

試題詳情

2009高三精品沖刺金卷―農(nóng)業(yè)

*1  中新網(wǎng)2008年6月4日電  為期三天的世界糧食峰會3日在糧農(nóng)組織總部羅馬召開，共有50位國家和政府首腦出席了會議。聯(lián)合國秘書長潘基文在會上呼吁大幅提高糧食生產(chǎn)。生物燃料使用的增加、貿(mào)易壁壘、亞洲人飲食改善造成的需求增長、農(nóng)作物歉收和運輸成本增加等，都是糧食價格上漲的原因。美國和巴西為生物燃料辯護(hù)，而油價高漲，全球?qū)ι�物燃料的興趣正濃。大力發(fā)展生物乙醇燃料生產(chǎn)是我國應(yīng)對這一問題的有效措施，然而國家發(fā)改委卻緊急叫停了玉米加工乙醇的項目審批。據(jù)此并結(jié)合下圖回答(1)～(2)題：

(1)發(fā)展生物能源的好處有    (    )

①可促進(jìn)解決農(nóng)村勞動力就業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)增收問題  ②減少二氧化碳排放，改善生態(tài)環(huán)境  ③降低石油的對外依存度  ④刺激汽車制造業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展  ⑤帶動糧食生產(chǎn)和糧食深加工

A．①③④⑤    B．①②③⑤  C．①②④⑤    D．①②③④

(2)目前國家停止玉米加工乙醇項目審批的主要原因是    (    )

①用玉米生產(chǎn)乙醇比用其他生物原料的成本高  ②不利于農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整  ③我國玉米生產(chǎn)供不應(yīng)求  ④會引發(fā)國家糧食安全問題

A．①②    B．②③    C．③④    D．②④

*2  讀圖，回答下列問題：

(1)讀圖分析澳大利亞大陸降水分布的特點。

(2)自然帶A―B的變化，體現(xiàn)了自然帶的________________分異規(guī)律。

(3)澳大利亞人口主要分布在東南沿海地區(qū)，為什么?

(4)澳大利亞的混合農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)主要分布規(guī)律如何?其地域類型形成的有利區(qū)位條件主要有哪些?

試題詳情

2009高三精品沖刺金卷―人口

*1  所謂人口紅利期，是指隨著生育率的下降和總?cè)丝谥袆趧舆m齡人口比重的上升，形成的一個勞動力資源相對豐富、人口撫養(yǎng)負(fù)擔(dān)相對較輕的時期。據(jù)此回答(1)～(2)題：

(1)下列人口撫養(yǎng)比(指少兒、老年人口占總?cè)丝诘谋戎?結(jié)構(gòu)最有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的是    (    )

A．高少兒、低老年型的撫養(yǎng)比     B．低少兒、低老年型的撫養(yǎng)比

C．低少兒、高老年型的撫養(yǎng)比     D．高少兒、高老年型的撫養(yǎng)比

(2)我國享受的人口紅利期大約40年左右，到2015年左右我國的人口紅利期將結(jié)束。下列措施不適宜解決我國“人口紅利”枯竭的是    (  )

A．大幅提高人口自然增長率，增加勞動力數(shù)量

B．轉(zhuǎn)變高投入、高消耗、低增長的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式

C．發(fā)展教育與培訓(xùn)，提高勞動力素質(zhì)

D．提高資源的利用率，大力發(fā)展高附加值的產(chǎn)業(yè)

*2  右下表為我國某城市人口資料。讀下表，回答(1)～(2)題：

1982年

1995生

2008生

總?cè)丝?萬人)

35

167

701

0～14歲(％)

35.27

14.63

8.5

15～64歲(％)

58.36

83.15

90.39

65歲及以上(％)

6.37

2.22

1.11

(1)該城市自1982年至2008年    (  )

A．人口自然增長率很高，人口增長迅速

B．人口出生率增高，人口老齡化問題得到緩解

C．人口出生率大幅度降低，人口死亡率大幅度增高

D．人口增長率很高，有大量青壯年人口遷入

(2)該城市是    (    )

A．南京    B．深圳    C．西安    D．沈陽

試題詳情

2009高三精品沖刺金卷――自然環(huán)境

*1人口、資源、環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的必然要求。充分發(fā)揮地區(qū)優(yōu)勢，加強(qiáng)區(qū)域聯(lián)系，協(xié)調(diào)人地關(guān)系．是實現(xiàn)區(qū)域可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要保證。如圖表示的是我國某地區(qū)及該地區(qū)某時近地面天氣形勢。讀圖，回答下列問題：

(1)判斷此時圖中甲城市的風(fēng)向，并指出鋒面系統(tǒng)過境后該地的天氣狀況?

(2)針對圖中A省區(qū)某種生態(tài)環(huán)境問題，有關(guān)專家提出了“治湖必須治江．治江必須治山”的治理思路。該生態(tài)環(huán)境問題是什么?結(jié)合地理環(huán)境的基本規(guī)律，談?wù)勀銓�這一思路的理解。

    *2如圖是我國某地區(qū)略圖。讀圖，回答(1)～(2)題：

(1)圖中四座山地的垂直自然帶譜中均有    (    )

A．山地常綠闊葉林帶

B．山地針葉林帶

C．山地荒漠帶

D．山地冰雪帶

(2)圖中景觀圖片為黃土塬(黃土高原地區(qū)面積廣闊、地面平坦的黃土高地)。黃土塬上水循環(huán)過程不同于黃土高原其他地貌類型區(qū)，其最弱的環(huán)節(jié)是    (    )

A．降水    B．下滲    C．蒸發(fā)    D．地表徑流

試題詳情

2009高三精品沖刺金卷―城市

*1    下圖為我國1990～2007年某城市各區(qū)人口密度變化示意圖。讀圖，回答(1)～(2)題：

A．商業(yè)用地         B．工業(yè)用地     C．政府機(jī)關(guān)用地    D．居住用地

(2)關(guān)于該城市發(fā)展的敘述正確的是    (    )

A．該城市總?cè)丝诿黠@減少         B．③區(qū)商業(yè)服務(wù)等級最高、種類最多

C．K濱河帶適宜建開放式公園      D．高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)應(yīng)建在①區(qū)

*2    國際上形成了兩大類城市化擴(kuò)容模式，一類是以美國、加拿大、澳大利亞為代表的“外延式”，該模式建筑密度較低，主要在兩維空間內(nèi)擴(kuò)大城市空間容量；另一類是以日本、新加坡和中國香港為代表的“內(nèi)含式”，該模式既保持城區(qū)較高的建

筑密度，又充分開發(fā)利用地下空間。據(jù)此回答(1)～(2)題：

(1)美國、加拿大、澳大利亞之所以采用“外延式”的城市擴(kuò)容模式，其主要原因是    (  )

A．城市化水平高    B．人口數(shù)量少    C．人口密度小    D．經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平高

(2)若在我國的城市發(fā)展中，效仿美、加、澳的模式，追求寬馬路、大廣場等低密度、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建筑的布局，將會帶來的后果是(    )

A．城市中心區(qū)萎縮加劇       B．增加就業(yè)困難，失業(yè)人數(shù)增多

C．交通擁擠、居住條件差     D．耕地面積將進(jìn)一步減少

試題詳情

試題詳情

9、【2008?廣州市】乙酸乙酯是重要的有機(jī)合成中間體，廣泛應(yīng)用于化學(xué)工業(yè)。實驗室制備乙酸乙酯的化學(xué)方程式如下：

CH₃COOH＋C₂H₅OHCH₃COOC₂H₅＋H₂O

為證明濃硫酸在該反應(yīng)中起到了催化劑和吸水劑的作用，某同學(xué)利用上圖所示裝置進(jìn)行了以下四個實驗，實驗開始先用酒精燈微熱3min，再加熱使之微微沸騰3min。實驗結(jié)束后充分振蕩試管Ⅱ再測有機(jī)層的厚度，實驗記錄如下：

實驗

編號

試管Ⅰ中的試劑

試管Ⅱ中試劑

測得有機(jī)層的厚度/cm

A

2mL乙醇、2mL乙酸、1mL 18mol/L濃硫酸

飽和碳酸鈉溶液

5.0

B

3mL乙醇、2mL乙酸

0.1

C

3mL乙醇、2mL乙酸、6mL 3mol/L硫酸

1.2

D

3mL乙醇、2mL乙酸、鹽酸

1.2

(1).實驗D的目的是與實驗C相對照，證明H^＋對酯化反應(yīng)具有催化作用。實驗D中應(yīng)加入鹽酸的體積和濃度分別是      mL和        mol/L。

(2).分析實驗       （填實驗編號）的數(shù)據(jù)，可以推測出濃硫酸的吸水性提高了乙酸乙酯的產(chǎn)率。濃硫酸的吸水性能夠提高乙酸乙酯產(chǎn)率的原因是                                                    。

(3).加熱有利于提高乙酸乙酯的產(chǎn)率，但實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)溫度過高乙酸乙酯的產(chǎn)率反而降低，可能的原因是                                                                                      。

10、【2008?鄂州市】某有機(jī)物A的相對分子質(zhì)量為94.5，在一定條件下可以發(fā)生如下轉(zhuǎn)化（其他產(chǎn)物和水以省略）。請回答下列問題：

（1）按要求寫化學(xué)式： A的分子式            J的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式                 

   （2）在上述反應(yīng)中①～⑨反應(yīng)中，屬于取代反應(yīng)的是      ，屬于消去反應(yīng)的是     

   （3）寫出下列反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：

B→C                                              

C→F                                            

   （4）有機(jī)物I在一定條件下，可合成一種環(huán)保型的高分子材料，則該高分子材料的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為                        

   （5）寫出 I的一種同分異構(gòu)體（能與金屬鈉、NaOH溶液和銀氨溶液均能反應(yīng)）的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式

11、【2008?南京市】I．在一定條件下，一些含羰基的化合物能發(fā)生如下反應(yīng)：

II.格氏試劑(RMgX，X表示鹵原子)與含羰基的化合物能發(fā)生如下反應(yīng)：

⑴以檸檬醛為原料，按以下反應(yīng)流程圖合成維生素A：

上述流程中，試劑X的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為                     ，①、②、③的反應(yīng)類型分別是             、               、             。

⑵利用題目所給信息和學(xué)府的反應(yīng)原理，以、CH₃CHO和CH₃MgBr為有機(jī)原料（其他無機(jī)試劑任選），可以分5步合成，用反應(yīng)流程圖表示。

                                                                           。

⑶有多種同分異構(gòu)體，其中屬于酚類且苯環(huán)上只有兩個對位基團(tuán)的同分異構(gòu)體共有         種。

12、【2008?南京市】為測定某工廠排放的污水中苯酚的含量，進(jìn)行如下實驗：取污水試樣10.00mL加水稀釋至100mL，加入10.0mL一定濃度的KBrO₃和KBr的混合溶液，立即加入5mL鹽酸，搖勻后加入1gKI固體（足量），再搖勻，放置5min。用0.01000mol/LNa₂S₂O₃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液滴定至淡黃色，加入1mL淀粉溶液，繼續(xù)滴定至藍(lán)色剛好褪去，用去Na₂S₂O₃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液14.46mL。同時以水代替污水試樣做對比實驗，用去Na₂S₂O₃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液38.46    mL。

⑴已知上述實驗中發(fā)生的反應(yīng)有：

KBrO₃+5KBr+6HCl=3Br₂+3H₂O+6KCl   2Na₂S₂O₃+I₂Na₂S₄O₆+2NaI

請寫出實驗中還涉及的另兩個反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：                                、           。

⑵試計算此污水中苯酚的含量（以mg/L表示，苯酚的相對分子質(zhì)量為94.00）。

試題詳情

有機(jī)化學(xué)最后一搏

一  有機(jī)推斷的解題模式、方法和思路

有機(jī)推斷題屬于綜合應(yīng)用各類官能團(tuán)性質(zhì)、相互轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系的知識，結(jié)合計算并在新情景下加以遷移的能力題。只有在熟練掌握各類有機(jī)物及相互衍變關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合具體的實驗現(xiàn)象和數(shù)據(jù)，再綜合分析，才能作出正確、合理的推斷。

1 有機(jī)推斷題的解答思維模式：

2 解答有機(jī)推斷題的常用的解題方法：

①順推法：以有機(jī)物的結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)和實驗現(xiàn)象為主線，采用正向思維，得出正確結(jié)論。

②逆推法：以有機(jī)物結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)和實驗現(xiàn)象為主線，采用逆向思維，得出正確結(jié)論

③夾擊法：從反應(yīng)物和生成物同時出發(fā)，以有機(jī)物的結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)為主線，推出中間過渡產(chǎn)物，從而解決問題并得出正確結(jié)論。

④分層推理法：依據(jù)題意，分層推理，綜合結(jié)果，得出正確推論。

3 有機(jī)推斷題的解題思路：

解題的關(guān)鍵是確定突破口。常見的突破口的確定如下：

 (1)  由性質(zhì)推斷 

①能使溴水褪色的有機(jī)物通常含有“―C＝C―”、“―C≡C―”等。

②能使酸性高錳酸鉀溶液褪色的有機(jī)物通常含有“―C＝C―”或“―C≡C―”、“―CHO”或為“苯的同系物”。

③能發(fā)生加成反應(yīng)的有機(jī)物通常含有“―C＝C―”、“―C≡C―”、“―CHO”或“苯環(huán)”，其中“―CHO”和“苯環(huán)”只能與H₂發(fā)生加成反應(yīng)。

④能發(fā)生銀鏡反應(yīng)或能與新制的Cu(OH)₂懸濁液反應(yīng)的有機(jī)物必含有“―CHO”。

⑤能與鈉反應(yīng)放出H₂的有機(jī)物必含有“―OH”�！　�

⑥能與Na₂CO₃或NaHCO₃溶液反應(yīng)放出CO₂或使石蕊試液變紅的有機(jī)物中必含有-COOH。

⑦能發(fā)生消去反應(yīng)的有機(jī)物為醇或鹵代烴。

⑧能發(fā)生水解反應(yīng)的有機(jī)物為鹵代烴、酯、糖或蛋白質(zhì)�！　�

⑨遇FeCl₃溶液顯紫色的有機(jī)物必含有酚羥基�！�

⑩能發(fā)生連續(xù)氧化的有機(jī)物是有“―CH₂OH”的醇。比如有機(jī)物A能發(fā)生如下氧化反應(yīng)：A→B→C，則A應(yīng)是具有“―CH₂OH”的醇，B就是醛，C應(yīng)是酸�！　�

（2）由反應(yīng)條件推斷　　

①當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為NaOH醇溶液并加熱時，必定為鹵代烴的消去反應(yīng)。　　

②當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為NaOH水溶液并加熱時，通常為鹵代烴或酯的水解。　　

③當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為濃H₂SO₄并加熱時，通常為醇脫水生成醚或不飽化合物，或者是醇與酸的酯化反應(yīng)�！　�

④當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為稀酸并加熱時，通常為酯或淀粉（糖）的水解反應(yīng)�！　�

⑤當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為催化劑（銅或銀）并有氧氣時，通常是醇氧化為醛或醛氧化為酸�！　�

⑥當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為催化劑存在下的加氫反應(yīng)時，通常為碳碳雙鍵 、碳碳叁鍵、苯環(huán)或醛基的加成反應(yīng)�！　�

⑦當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為光照且與X₂反應(yīng)時，通常是X₂與烷或苯環(huán)側(cè)鏈烴基上的H原子發(fā)生的取代反應(yīng)，而當(dāng)反應(yīng)條件為催化劑存在且與X₂的反應(yīng)時，通常為苯環(huán)上的H原子直接被取代。　　

（3）由反應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)推斷　　

①根據(jù)與H₂加成時所消耗H₂的物質(zhì)的量進(jìn)行突破：1mol―C＝C―加成時需1molH₂，1mol―C≡C―完全加成時需2molH₂，1mol―CHO加成時需1molH₂，而1mol苯環(huán)加成時需3molH₂�！　�

②1mol―CHO完全反應(yīng)時生成2molAg↓或1molCu₂O↓�！　�

③2mol―OH或2mol―COOH與活潑金屬反應(yīng)放出1molH₂�！　�

④1mol―COOH（足量）與碳酸鈉或碳酸氫鈉溶液反應(yīng)放出1molCO₂↑�！　�

⑤1mol一元醇與足量乙酸反應(yīng)生成1mol酯時，其相對分子質(zhì)量將增加42，1mol二元醇與足量乙酸反應(yīng)生成酯時，其相對分子質(zhì)量將增加84�！　�

⑥1mol某酯A發(fā)生水解反應(yīng)生成B和乙酸時，若A與B的相對分子質(zhì)量相差42，則生成1mol乙酸，若A與B的相對分子質(zhì)量相差84時，則生成2mol乙酸。　　

（4）由物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)推斷　　

①具有4原子共線的可能含碳碳叁鍵。　　

②具有3原子共面的可能含醛基�！　�

③具有6原子共面的可能含碳碳雙鍵。　　

④具有12原子共面的應(yīng)含有苯環(huán)�！　�

（5）由物理性質(zhì)推斷

　　在通常狀況下為氣態(tài)的烴，其碳原子數(shù)均小于或等于4，而烴的衍生物中只有CH₃Cl、CH₂＝CHCl、HCHO在通常情況下是氣態(tài)。

此外還有：結(jié)合斷鍵機(jī)理和逆向推理思維分析殘基結(jié)構(gòu)、分子式結(jié)合不飽和度為突破口。

二  確定有機(jī)物同分異構(gòu)體的數(shù)目和結(jié)構(gòu)的方法主要有：

①對稱法（根據(jù)有機(jī)物的結(jié)構(gòu)找出有機(jī)物的對稱關(guān)系，然后確定有機(jī)物的同分異構(gòu)體的數(shù)目，主要包括軸對稱、點對稱和面對稱）

②等效法（利用等效面和等效點的一種方法）

③定一議二法（當(dāng)取代基的數(shù)目較多時固定某些取代基的位置而改變其他取代基位置的一種方法）

④插空法（主要是根據(jù)題目的條件從中提出含兩個共價鍵的原子或原子團(tuán)，然后確定剩余部分的結(jié)構(gòu)，最后再將提出的原子或原子團(tuán)插入到碳碳單鍵或碳氧單鍵之間的一種方法）。

注意：有機(jī)物同分異構(gòu)體數(shù)目和結(jié)構(gòu)確定的過程中應(yīng)注意思維的有序性。

練習(xí)

【  】1、【2008模擬?南京市】.下列操作或儀器的選用正確的是  C

【  】2、下列實驗?zāi)苓_(dá)到預(yù)期目的是

       序號

實驗內(nèi)容

實驗?zāi)康?/p>

A

向甲酸和甲醛的混合物中加入氫氧化鈉溶液，中和甲酸后，加入新制的氫氧化銅加熱

檢驗混合物中是否含有甲醛

B

向米湯中加入含碘的食鹽，觀察是否有顏色的變化

檢驗含碘食鹽中是否含碘酸鉀

C

向紅磚粉末中加入鹽酸，充分反應(yīng)后，取上層清液于試管中，滴加硫氰化鉀溶液，觀察溶液顏色的變化

檢驗紅磚中是否含有Fe³⁺

D

向淀粉溶液中加入稀硫酸加熱后，再做銀鏡反應(yīng)實驗

檢驗淀粉是否水解

3、【2008模擬?福州市】水楊酸是重要的精細(xì)化工原料，它的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式如右圖.水楊酸的芳香族同分異構(gòu)體

A.可能含有兩個醛基           

B.可能含有三個羥基

  C.都能溶于氫氧化鈉溶液        

D.分子式都是C₇H₇O₃

4、【2008模擬?南通市】北京奧運火炬的外殼主要采用高品質(zhì)的鋁合金材料制造，燃燒系統(tǒng)內(nèi)裝環(huán)保型燃料――丙烷。下列有關(guān)說法中正確的是

A．丙烷的沸點比丁烷的沸點高

B．丙烷燃燒時的耗氧量比等體積的其他烷烴少

C．燃料燃燒時主要是將熱能轉(zhuǎn)化為光能

D．鋁合金制作的火炬質(zhì)量輕、不易腐蝕

【  】5、【2008模擬?南京市】香檸檬油可用于化妝品。香檸檬油含微量的香檸檬酚和香檸檬醚，其結(jié)構(gòu)如右圖。下列說法正確的是

A.香檸檬醚的分子式為C₁₃H₆O₄

B.1mol香檸檬酚最多可與2molBr₂發(fā)生反應(yīng)

C.香檸檬酚通過取代反應(yīng)可轉(zhuǎn)化成香檸檬醚

D.1mol香檸檬酚在NaOH溶液中水解時能消耗2molNaOH

【  】6、【2008模擬?石景山區(qū)】中國國家主席胡錦濤在中非合作論壇北京峰會上承諾：“提供3億元人民幣無償援款幫助非洲防治瘧疾，用于提供青蒿素藥品及設(shè)立30個抗瘧中心”。中國研制成功的全球唯一的治療瘧疾特效藥――青蒿素，是數(shù)億外國人眼中的“中國神藥”，結(jié)構(gòu)如圖所示。目前售價每克225美元，世界年產(chǎn)量15噸，是需求量的十分之一，供不應(yīng)求。下列關(guān)于青蒿素的說法正確的是【D】

A. 是一種烴                  B．屬于高分子化合物

C．屬于芳香族化合物          D．分子式是C₁₅H₂₂O₅

【  】7、【2008模擬?福州市】右下圖是一燃料電池化學(xué)原理示意圖，該燃料電池總反應(yīng)化學(xué)方程式為：

2CH₃OH＋3O₂＋4KOH        

2K₂CO₃＋6H₂O以下判斷不合理的是

A.電極A為電池負(fù)極

  B.電極B表面上發(fā)生還原反應(yīng)

  C.溶液pH保持不變

  D.燃料電池工作時不會出現(xiàn)火焰

【  】8、【2008模擬?蘇州市】醋酸鋇晶體[(CH₃COO)₂Ba?H₂O]是一種媒染劑，下列有關(guān)0.1mol?L^－1醋酸鋇溶液中粒子濃度的比較中錯誤的是

A．c(Ba²⁺)＞c(CH₃COO^－)＞c(OH^－)＞c(H⁺) 

B．c(H⁺)＋2c(Ba²⁺)＝c(CH₃COO^－)＋c(OH^－)

C．c(H⁺)＝c(OH^－)－c(CH₃COOH)          

D．2c(Ba²⁺)＝c(CH₃COO^－)＋c(CH₃COOH)

試題詳情

山東省實驗中學(xué)2006級第一次診斷性測試

英  語 試 題 （2008，11）

本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分．共150分，考試時間120分鐘．

第I卷（共105分）

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共五小題；每小題1.5，滿分7.5分）

請聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一小題，從題中所給的A、 B、 C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.       What is the relationship between the two speakers?

A. They are strangers.                   B. They are both visitors.             C. They are mother and daughter.

2. Why does the woman hate sea journeys?

       A. Because she prefers flying.       B. Because she gets seasick.          C. Because she is a sailor.

3. Where is the man?

       A. At a post office.                      B. At a bookstore.                       C. In London.

4. What’s probable relationship between the two speakers?

       A. Doctor and patient.                 B. Teacher and student.                C. Father and daughter.

5. Will Max stay for dinner?

       A. Yes, though he is not hungry.  

B. No, he will go home.              

C. He will stay because he is hungry.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5）

     請聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

請聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。

6. What’s Irene doing now?

      A. Shopping on the web.        B. Chatting on the phone.                   C. Playing on the computer.

7. What does the man suggest?

      A. Check the e-mail.              B. Do some shopping.                        C. Go and get Irene.

請聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8. What subject does the man like at school?

      A. Arts.                                 B. Computer studies.                          C. Science.

9. Why does the man like this subject?

      A. He can surf the internet and know a lot.

      B. He can do many experiments.

      C. He can learn to fix machines.

10. Why do most girls like arts?

      A. Because arts are easy.       B. Because they are romantic.  C. Because arts and machines never mix.,

請聽第8段材料， 回答第11至13題

11. What is the man’s son?

       A. A college student.             B. A shop assistant.               C. A sheep farmer.

12. Which of the following is TRUE about Danny?

       A. He won’t change his job   B. He is married.                  C. He has got a lot of money.

13. What can we learn about the woman?

       A. She has two children.              B. she has one child.             C. She has two sons and a daughter.

請聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14. Where does the conversation take place?

       A. At home.                         B. At school.                        C. In a hospital.

15. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?

       A. Brother and sister.            B. Classmates.                      C. Teacher and student.

16. What will the man buy for the woman?

       A. Some apples.                   B. Some bananas.                 C. Nothing.

17. What does the man promise to do?

       A. He will help the woman with the test.,

       B. He will help the woman with the lessons she has missed.

       C. He will help the woman with her homework.

請聽第10段材料， 回答第18至20題。

18. What did Bill decide to do?

      A. To throw away his shoes.  B. To burn his shirts.            C. To clear away the rubbish.

19. How did they come back home?

      A. The wind blew them home.

      B. They walked home themselves. 

      C. His dog took them home.

20. What can we learn from the speech?

      A. Bill’s bad luck.              B. Bill’s honest dog.               C. Bill’s unlucky shirts.

第二部分  英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)  單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

21. Liu Xiao-lei, ______athlete who got a gold medal in ______ 28^th Paral-Olympic Games, graduated from our school in 2003.

   A. the; the                             B. an; the                            C. the; /                 D. the; /

22. As a matter of fact, most shoplifters _______by constantly looking around for cameras.

A. give themselves away                      B. show themselves away

C. put themselves away                        D. bring themselves away

23.  ---May I try the jacket on?

----______ , but I think it will be too small for you.

A. As you like        B. By all means      C. As a result                D. Believe it or not

24. Careful! There is a nail ______of the chair.

       A. sticking out              B. putting out        C. standing out              D. giving out

25. Keep on practicing. You will play the piano _______ , if not better than, Lang Lang.

       A. so good             B. so well              C. so well as                 D. as well as

26. A terrible earthquake struck in Wenchuan , Sichuan Province on May 12^th，this year., _____more than 60,000 deaths.

     A. caused                B. having caused    C. to have caused       D. causing

27. ---Monitor?

   --- I’m not monitor of our class. I _______ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.

     A. will just help     B. am just to help  C. am just helping               D. have just helped

28. There were so many people watching the relay of the Olympic Torch that we got ______ in the crowd.

     A. lost                    B. to be lost           C. to separate                D. separated

29. Go and get your story book; it is _______ you left it in my study.

     A. where               B. where there              C. there where                     D. there

30. He was upset, for at that time, it was ______ him why his parents got divorced.

     A. over                   B. beyond             C. beneath                    D. around

31. It was only several days ______ he realized the truth that he had been affected with AIDS.

     A. until                   B. since                 C. before                      D. as

32. He went to New York that winter, ______ nothing has been heard about him.

     A. since then           B. from then on     C. since when               D. from when

33. It was not what he said but the way he said it ______ made a great difference to me at last..

     A. what                   B. that                   C. before                      D. when

34. He was very ______, which is his only shortcoming.

     A. precise                B. passionate          C. determined               D. stubborn

35. They offered ______ prices for her paintings, which made her parents and teachers surprises but happy.

A. unbelievable      B. acceptable         C. agreeable                  D. sociable

第二節(jié)  完型填空（共20小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 20 分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從36-55各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Recently, one of my best friends, whom I've shared just about everything with since the first day of kindergarten, spent the weekend with me. Since I moved to a new town several years ago, we've both always ___36___ the few times a year when we can see each other.

Over the ___37___, we spent hours and hours, staying up late into the night, talking about the people she was ___38___ around with. She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he experimented with ___39___ and was into other ___40___ behavior. I was blown away! She told me how she had been ___41___ to her parents about where she was going and even sneaking out to see this guy because they didn't want her ___42___ him. No matter how hard I tried to tell her that she ___43___ better, she didn't believe me. Her self-respect seemed to have disappeared.

I tried to ___44___ her that she was ruining her future and heading for big trouble. I felt like I was getting ___45___. I just couldn't believe that she really thought it was ___46___ to hang with a bunch of losers, especially her boyfriend.

By the time she left, I was really worried about her and ___47___ by the experience. It had been so frustrating, I had come ___48___ to telling her several times during the weekend that maybe we had just grown too far apart to ___49___ our friendship - but I didn't. I put the power of ___50___ to the ultimate test. We'd been friends for far too long. The chance was that she ___51___ me enough to know that I was trying to save her from hurting herself. I wanted to believe that our friendship could ___52___ anything.

A few days later, she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our ___53___, and then she told me that she had ___54___ with her boyfriend. I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joy running down my face. It was one of the truly ___55___ moments in my life. Never had I been so proud of a friend.

36. A. worried about             B. looked forward to            C. paid attention to        D. think of

37. A. weekend                    B. months                            C. years                        D. days

38. A. working                    B. falling in love                  C. hanging                    D. keeping in touch

39. A. books                       B. girls                                C. friends                            D. drugs

40. A. self-destructive           B. self-respecting                 C. self-confident           D. self-defensive

41. A. explaining                  B. reasoning                        C. declaring                  D. lying

42. A. on                             B. beside                             C. around                            D. to

43. A. did                                   B. deserved                          C. had                          D. got

44. A. told                           B. convince                         C. force                        D. warn

45. A. somewhere                 B. everywhere                      C. nowhere                   D. anywhere

46. A. acceptable                  B. believable                        C. reliable                    D. admirable

47. A. exhausted                   B. surprised                         C. satisfied                   D. terrified

48. A. almost                       B. nearly                             C. close                        D. over

49. A. stop                           B. continue                          C. start                         D. make

50. A. love                          B. friendship                        C. truth                        D. justice

51. A. thought                      B. remembered                    C. valued                      D. hated

52. A. mean                         B. conquer                           C. tell                          D. prove

53. A. friendship                  B. relationship                            C. quarrel                            D. conversation

54. A. broke away                B. broke down                            C. broke up                  D. broke out

55. A. demanding                 B. challenging                      C. frustrating                D. rewarding

第三部分  閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 40分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

I am an elementary school teacher. I think homework should be done by the child and it should take only about a half an hour. Parents should write a note if they had to help a lot, this tells the teacher that the day’s lesson needs more review. Some things are more easily learned if they are practiced at home. Students should develop independence and organization. I send home fairly simple homework because I do not wish to see how creative mom, dad, the neighbors and grandma are with large projects... what is this teaching the child? Independence? Creativity?

    Many readers are noticing the alarming trend to test, test, test. These new tests are not like the ones we remember. They are really difficult and abstract. Besides the usual math problems, third and fourth grade tests now ask about probability, tessellations and flips, slides, turns. Some teachers have had to increase the pace of their instruction to cover all the topics that will appear on the tests, thus, they send home homework that kids may not fully understand or send more homework home so they can, they hope, cover more content faster. It’s not a good idea, but the trend of testing has driven teachers to push, push, push. Parents should be concerned about the testing that is such an important issue. I would advice parents to talk to the teacher if they find the homework too hard. Is the child not getting work done at school, or is it simply too much? Some teachers will change the amount of work. And yes, I have been on the other side of the blackboard and had to make my son and daughter do their homework. I was a stickler for not doing it for them.

  56. The passage might be an opinion posted on the internet under the title _________.

    A. How Should Homework Done Independently by Students

    B. Should Parents Contribute to Kids’ Homework

    C. Should You Say No to Homework

    D. How Should Test Papers Be Written

  57. According to the writer, __________.

    A. reasonable amount of easy homework is necessary

    B. neighbors are not creative and independent enough

    C. homework is good to children and teachers

    D. parents are placed too much burden by teachers

  58. The tests referred to by the author ________.

    A. are questioned about the possibilities to solve the math problems

    B. catch up with the increasing number of topics

    C. are the result of teachers’ pushing

    D. include much more demanding problems

  59. Which of the following would the author most likely agree?

    A. It is advisable for parents to pay enough attention to their kids’ lessons.

    B. It is a good idea for teachers to send some difficult assignments home.

C. It is encouraging for parents to help with their children’s homework.

D. It’s practical for parents to leave their children’s homework with the teachers

B

Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful (有壓力的) conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (轉(zhuǎn)移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support money aid, material resources, and needed services - that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.

60. Interpersonal relationships are important because they can ________

A.  make people live more easily                      B.    smooth away daily problems

C.   deal with life changes                           D.    cure types of illnesses

61. The researches show that people's physical and mental health _______

A.  lies in the social medical care systems which support them

B.   has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

C.   depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

D.  is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes

62. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "cushions"?

A.  takes place of      B. makes up of      C.    lessens the effect of    D. gets rid of

63. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of ________

      A. instrumental support                           B. informational support

      C. social companionship                          D. the strengthening of self-respect

64. What is the subject discussed in the text?

  A. Interpersonal relationships.                        B. Kinds of social support.

  C. Ways to deal with stress.                    D. Effects of stressful condition.

C

"I've changed my mind. I wanted to have a telescope, but now I want my daddy back." Lucien Lawrence' s letter to Father Christmas written after his schoolteacher father had been knifed to death outside his school gate, must have touched every heart. Lucien went on to say that without his father he couldn't see the stars in the sky. When those whom we love depart from us, we cannot see the stars for a while.

But Lucien, the stars are still there, and one day, when you are older and your tears have gone, you will see them again. And, in a strange way, I expect that you will find your father is there too, in your mind and in your heart. I find that my parents, long dead now, still figure in many of my dreams and that I think of them perhaps more than I ever did when they were alive. I still live to please them and I' m still surprised by their reactions. I remember that when I became a professor, I was so proud, or rather so pleased with myself, that I couldn't wait to cable my parents. The reply was a long time in coming, but when it did, all Mother said was "I hope this means that now you will have more time for the children!" I haven' t forgotten. The values of my parents still live on.

It makes me pause and think about how I will live on in the hearts and minds of my children and of those for whom I care. Would I have been as ready as Philip Lawrence have been to face the aggressors (挑釁者)，and to lay down my life for those in my care? How many people would want me back for Christmas? It's a serious thought, one to give me pause.

I pray silently, sometimes, in the dead of night, that ancient cry of a poet "Deliver my soul from the sword (劍), and my darling from the power of the dog." Yet I know the death comes to us all, and sometimes comes suddenly. We must therefore plan to live forever, but live as if we will die tomorrow. We live on, I'm sure, in the lives of those we loved, and therefore we ought to have a care for what they will remember and what they will treasure. If more parents knew this in their hearts to be true, there might be fewer knives on our streets today.

65. According to the whole text we can see that the first paragraph _________.

A. puts forward the subject of the text             B. shows the author's pity on the kid

C. acts as an introduction to the discussion         D. makes a clear statement of the author's views

66. In the second paragraph the author mainly wants to explain to us _________.

A. how much he misses his parents now               B. why his parents often appear in his dream

C. when Lucien will get over all his sadness         D. how proud he was when he succeeded in life

67. What feeling did the author's mother express in her reply?

A. Proud.                   B. Happy.                       C. Disappointed.         D. Worried

68. In the author's opinion, the value of a person's life is ________.

A. to leave behind a precious memory to the people related

B. to have a high sense of duty to the whole society

C. to care what others will remember and treasure

D. to share happiness and sadness with his family

69. What does the writer mean by the sentence taken from an old poem?

A. Call on criminals and murderers to lay down their guns.

B. Advise parents stay with their children safely at home.

C. Spend every day meaningfully in memory of the death.

D. Try to keep violence and murder far away from society.

D

Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some break in one’s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education, that is， attending school at night or for one weekend a month， tends to drag the process out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. Additionally, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact negatively on one’s career and family time. Of the many approaches to teaching and learning, however， perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning.

　　Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the flexibility to study at his or her own pace to achieve the academic goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study many be set aside at the student’s convenience with due regard to all life’s other requirements. Additionally, the student may enroll in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world， while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be available via regular airmail， telephone, facsimile machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet. Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject evaluation tool with every subject. This precludes the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test.

Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the equivalence of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed. The individuality of the professor/student relationship is another characteristic of a good distance-learning program. In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the individual students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. Sponsoring distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining career-minded people while contributing to their personal and professional growth through education.

70. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of part-time education？

　　A. It requires some break in one‘s career.

　　B. It tends to last too long for many people to complete a degree program.

　　C. It affects one‘s career.

　　D. It gives the student less time to share with the family.

71. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of distance learning？

　　A. The students may choose his or her own pace.

　　B. The students may study at any time to his or her convenience.

　　C. They can pursue their chosen career while studying.

　　D. Their tutorial assistance comes through regular airmail， telephone， facsimile machine， etc.

72. What benefit will distance-learning program bring to a business？

　　A. Recruitment of more talented people.      B. Good image of the business.

　　C. Better cooperation with universities.        D. Further training of employees and business growth.

73. What benefit will distance learning bring to an employee of a business？

　　A. Professional growth.                             B. Good relationship with the employer.

　　C. Good impression on the employer.          D. Higher salary.

74. What does the underline3d word “precludes” in the second paragraph mean?

       A. makes…easier   B. makes… impossible          C. makes … necessary          D. makes…important

75. Which is not the characteristic of distance learning？

　　A. It includes a subject evaluation tool with every subject.

　　B. Its course uses the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus.

　　C. A distance-learning program has a place only for students.

　　D. The relationship of the professor/student is characterized by individuality.

第II卷（共45分）

第四部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(dá)（共5 小題；每小題3分，滿分15 分）

閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題（請注意問題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求）。

A new study has found that a fat cell gene may reduce the risk of colon cancer in some people. The study provides what scientists say is the first evidence of a genetic link between a fat cell gene and colon cancer. The research could lead to better tests for the disease as well as measures to help prevent it.

Current evidence suggests a relationship between obesity, insulin resistance and colon cancer risk. The scientists say what they have found now is an area of a gene that is connected with the cancer risk. They say this area is most likely not the cause of the disease, but they think it is where the connection comes from.

The gene is involved in the formation of a hormone called adiponectin. Some people have higher levels of this hormone in their blood, ________________. Higher levels have been linked with lower rates of obesity and insulin resistance. And lower levels have been linked with higher rates.

The Journal of the American Medical Association published the new findings last week. Boris Pasche from the Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham led the research.

Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths. Every year it kills almost six hundred eighty thousand people around the world. And doctors find more than one million new cases. The disease is highly treatable if discovered early.

The research involved two studies with a total of about one thousand five hundred people. The larger of the two studies involved New Yorkers of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. Colon cancer is more common in Jews of eastern European ancestry than in the general population. The other study involved people of different ethnicities from Chicago, Illinois.

Currently, in the United States, the general advice is for colonoscopy tests for colon cancer to begin at the age of fifty. A colonoscopy(結(jié)腸檢查) can find and remove growths before they become cancerous. But the test is invasive and can be uncomfortable.

A study last month in the New England Journal of Medicine expressed support for a test called a virtual colonoscopy. It uses X-ray and computer technology to search for growths, but cannot remove them. There are still some questions about the effectiveness of a virtual colonoscopy compared to a traditional one. But doctors hope it might appeal to people who would otherwise not be tested at all.

76. What is the best title of the passage? （Within 10 words）

   _________________________________________.

77. Fill in the blank with proper words. (Within 7 words)

   ___________________________________________

78. Which sentence in the passage can replace the following one?

   If it is diagnosed early, the disease is most likely to be cured.

  ____________________________________________________________________________

79. Do you think the new research is practical and useful ? Why? (Within 30 words)

  ____________________________________________________________________________

  _____________________________________________________________________________

80. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph.

  ____________________________________________________________________________

第二節(jié)：寫作（滿分30分）

假設(shè)你是實驗中學(xué)某班的學(xué)生張華，實驗中學(xué)活動志愿者之一，請根據(jù)下列要點用英語給一名外地校友李明寫信，介紹實驗中學(xué)60年的發(fā)展情況，并邀請他來參加校慶活動。(字?jǐn)?shù)120左右)
 1、實驗中學(xué)不斷發(fā)展壯大，已成為全省乃至全國名校。兩個校區(qū)現(xiàn)有教職工近500人，108個教學(xué)班,在校學(xué)生5400余人，每年有很多教師獲得各種榮譽稱號，很多同學(xué)在各種競賽中獲獎。

2、國慶期間，有很多慶�；顒�，2008年10月2號，在珍珠泉禮堂舉行校慶演出，將有很多校友參加。十月三號，四號期間校友可回校參觀，師生歡聚。

3、歡迎他回來，如果他回來，可事先打電話86016772或發(fā)郵件shiyanxiaoqing@163.com。

Dear LI Ming,

As a student studying in Shandong Experimental High School and a volunteer in the school activities, I’m writing to tell you something about the development of our school in the past 60 years and the celebration activities to be held in the 60^th anniversary.

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All best wishes to you

                             Shandong Experimental High school

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山東省實驗中學(xué)2006級第一次診斷性測試

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