4.應(yīng)注意狀語從句、定語從句中的省略。
狀語從句中,如果謂語含動詞be,主語又與主句主語一致或主語是it,從句中主語和be一齊省略。
3.為避免重復(fù),作某些動詞(hope,want)等賓語或(tell,order,ask)的賓補時,省略不定式短語,只保留不定式符號to。
2.在prefer to do rather than…,cannot help but…do, nothing …but等句型中常省略to。
1.感官動詞或使役動詞(如:notice,hear,let,make)等后接不定式作賓補時省略to,被動時to不能省略。
4.The research is so designed that once________ nothing can be done to change it.
(NMET 2002)
A.begins B.having begun
C.beginning D.begun
命題意圖:此題考查省略在狀語從句中的應(yīng)用。此題屬四星級題。
知識依托:當(dāng)主句的主語和狀語從句主句一致(或從句主語為it),且從句中含be,可把從句的主語和be一起省略,例:
I wonder why he didn’t do as(he was) told to.
錯解分析:A、B、C項都為主動,而research應(yīng)是由人啟動的,應(yīng)用被動。
解題方法與技巧:此類詞,應(yīng)分清主、被動關(guān)系。
答案:D
●錦囊妙計
掌握好省略句,應(yīng)注意以下幾條:
3.-You ought to have given them some advice.
-________,but who cared what I asked?
A.So it was B.So I ought to have
C.So I did D.So I ought to
命題意圖:考查ought to后作賓語的不定式的省略。此題屬五星級題。
知識依托:ought to, want, hope等動詞后可省略作賓語的不定式短語,但該賓語若是be動詞或動詞的完成時,則需在to后加be或have。
-Are you a soldier?
-No,but,wish to be(a soldier).
答案:B
2.________ for the free ticket,I would not have gone to the films so often.
A.If it is not B.Were it not
C.Had it not been D.If there were to
命題意圖:旨在考查虛擬條件中if的省略。此題屬五星級題。
知識依托:跟過去事實相反的虛擬條件句結(jié)構(gòu)為If+主語+had+過去分詞,主語+would/could/might do…當(dāng)if省略時,將had提主句首,即
Had+主語+過去分詞,主語+would/could/might do…
錯解分析:A項不是虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。
B項是跟現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬條件句。
D項是跟將來事實相反的虛擬條件句。
解題方法與技巧:從題干的后一句話入手,可看出I would not have gone to…是跟過去事實相反的虛擬條件句,故答案為C。譯為:要不是因為票是免費的,我也就不會經(jīng)常去看電影了。
答案:C
1.-Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
-________.
A.I don’t believe B.I don’t believe it
C.I believe not so D.I believe not
命題意圖:此題考查not在賓語從句中的“替代性”省略。此題屬四星級題。
知識依托:“so”可代替某些動詞后的賓語從句,但絕不能用it或that。這些常用的動詞有:believe,be afraid,expect,hope,imagine,suppose等。例:
-Is she going to the party tonight?
-I think so./I hope so.
其否定有兩種:①動詞用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。
②用not代替so。
又如:-Do you think he will pass the exam?
-I don’t think so./I think not.前者更常用。
錯解分析:A項應(yīng)為I don’t believe so。
C項否定也應(yīng)否定謂語。
解題方法與技巧:根據(jù)具體語言環(huán)境,正確運用表達觀點的方法。
答案:D
6.(★★★★)-You should have thanked her before she left.
-I meant________,but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
(2002年上海春季)
A.to do B.to
C.doing D.doing so
●案例探究
5.(★★★★)Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has________IQ. (NMET 2002)
A.a high B.a higher
C.the higher D.the highest
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