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12. lie的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:liar n. 說謊者

▲搭配:

① lie down 躺下;磨洋工;停止戰(zhàn)斗

② lie in 在于;位于

③ tell a lie = tell lies 撒謊

[考例][2002北京] I would ____ very still so that the "enemy" would not discover me.

A. lay   B. hide   C. rest   D. lie

[考查目標(biāo)]本題考查lie,lay等幾個(gè)相近詞的區(qū)別。

[答案與解析]D  lie是動(dòng)詞原形,意思是“躺”或“撒謊”。在本句中是“躺”的意思。

試題詳情

11. hurry 的用法

▲ 構(gòu)詞:

① hurried adj. 匆忙的

② hurriedly adv. 倉促地.慌忙地

▲ 搭配:

① in a hurry 匆忙地

② in no hurry 不忙,有充分的時(shí)間;不急于

③ no hurry 不忙.不必著急,有充裕的時(shí)間

④ hurry up 快點(diǎn),趕緊做;催促(快點(diǎn))

▲ 辨析:hurry; haste; speed 均含“動(dòng)作上的快速”的意思。

hurry 指“動(dòng)作不輕松、不自然的快,有時(shí)表示不必要的快”,并且常有“忙亂倉促”的意思。例如:In her hurry she forgot to leave her address. 在匆忙中,她忘了留下地址。

haste 著重“想辦法趕快”的意思,并常表示“匆忙的動(dòng)作。有時(shí)動(dòng)作過分倉促而不能得到預(yù)期的結(jié)果”。例如:All his haste was of no use. 他白忙了。/ Haste makes waste. 欲速則不達(dá)。

speed 指“人(物)快捷(速)的動(dòng)作”。例如:It is dangerous to corner at speed. 高速轉(zhuǎn)彎是危險(xiǎn)的。

[考例][2004湖南] When l there ____ I apologized for being late, and told him I'd come as quickly as I could,...

A. went   B. ran   C. walked   D. hurried

[考查目標(biāo)] 考查幾個(gè)與“走”有關(guān)的近義詞的區(qū)別。

[答案與解析]D  從上下文看,當(dāng)時(shí),是”匆忙”的。

試題詳情

10. force n. [U][C]力量,勢(shì)力,暴力 vt. 強(qiáng)迫,促使,強(qiáng)制 He didn't use much force. 他沒怎么用力。/ They refused to bow before force. 他們拒絕向暴力低頭。/ They have come to know the forces of nature. 他們終于知道了大自然的力量。

[注意]the forces 可表示“軍隊(duì),兵力”。

[拓展]

force sb. to do sth.;force sb. into doing sth.;force sb. / sth. + 形容詞 / 副詞 / 介詞短語 I was forced to leave. 我被迫離開。(= into leaving) / The strong man forced himself into the empty room. 那個(gè)身體強(qiáng)壯的男子強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入了那個(gè)宅房間。

[短語]

by force 靠武力,強(qiáng)行   be in force 生效

come / go into force 生效  put in / into force 使生效

force one's way 強(qiáng)行前進(jìn)或進(jìn)入

試題詳情

9. devote 的用法

▲ 構(gòu)詞:

① devotion n. 獻(xiàn)身;奉獻(xiàn);忠誠;熱心,專心

② devoted adj. 忠誠的;摯愛的;喜歡的

③ devotedly adv. 忠實(shí)地,一心一意地

▲搭配:

① devote...to 把……獻(xiàn)給;把……專用于

② devote oneself to 致力于,獻(xiàn)身于;專心于

③ be devoted to 專心于,忠于

▲ 友情提示:各搭配中to均為介詞。

[考例][2004全國(guó)卷IV] First of all, I respected his ____ to teaching.

A. attention       B. introduction

C. relation        D. devotion

[考查目標(biāo)] 本題考查 devote 派生詞的詞義和用法。

[答案與解析]D  devote的名詞形式是devotion,也應(yīng)

該和介詞 to 搭配。

試題詳情

8. devote vt. 投入于;獻(xiàn)身

devoted 忠實(shí)的;獻(xiàn)身……的;專用的

devote one's time / life / energy / oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于……;獻(xiàn)身于…… = be devoted to...致力于……;獻(xiàn)身于……;忠實(shí)于…… After that, he devoted his entire energy to these studies. 從那以后,他全力以赴從事這些研究工作。/ He is very devoted to his wife. 他很忠實(shí)于他的妻子。

試題詳情

7. depend 的用法

▲ 搭配:

① That depends. 要看情況而定。

② It (all) depends. 要看情況而定。

③ depend on / upon 依靠;由……而定.取決于;從屬于;依賴其維持

[考例][2004江蘇]

-- How long are you staying?  -- I don't know. ____.

A. That's OK   B. Never mind

C. It depends   D. It doesn't matter

[考查目標(biāo)]考查depend在交際場(chǎng)合的用法。

[答案與解析]C  it depends 意思是“看情況。不能確

定”。

試題詳情

6. defeat 的用法

▲ 構(gòu)詞:defeatist n. 失敗主義者

▲ 搭配:suffer a defeat戰(zhàn)。辉馐艽鞌

▲ 辨析:defeat;beat;conquer 這組動(dòng)詞的一般含義是“打敗”。

defeat 的含義是“打敗”,但被打敗者不一定服輸。例如:The public bet a lot of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. 公眾為門杜薩下了一大筆賭注,但是他被擊敗了。

beat則表示徹底“打敗”,而且被打敗者完全服輸了。

例如:It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and become Champion of England. 直到1790年第三次比賽時(shí),他才最后打敗漢弗萊斯,而成為英國(guó)的冠軍。

conquer 更可強(qiáng)調(diào)“把對(duì)方征服”,而且被征服者或被征服的國(guó)家為征服者所有,可以任意支配,特別指“獲得

對(duì)人、物或感情的控制。例如:Some countries may be defeated but can never be conquered. 有的國(guó)家可能被打敗,但決不能被征服。

[考例]-- Who ____  the team from No. 2 Middle school? -- I'm not sure. Perhaps the team from the nearby county.

A. defeated   B. won   C. beat   D. gained

[考查目標(biāo)]本題考查defeat的常見用法。

[答案與解析]A  defeat 意思是“打敗”,后面跟的是表示“人”或“組織”的名詞或代詞。

試題詳情

5. case的用法

▲ 搭配:

① as is often the case 這是常有的事

② as the case stands 在目前的情況下,就現(xiàn)有的情況而論

③ in this / that case 如果是這樣/那樣的話

④ in any case 無論如何,總之

⑤ in case (that)-clause 假使。如果,萬一

⑥ in case of 萬一……,如果發(fā)生……

⑦ (just)in case 以防(萬一)

⑧ in most cases 在大多數(shù)情況下

[考例](2005廣東)You'd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ____ you have to wait.

A. even if   B. as if   C. in case  D. in order that

[考查目標(biāo)]考查 case 構(gòu)成的短語的用法。

[答案與解析]C  句意:“當(dāng)你去看醫(yī)生的時(shí)候最好帶點(diǎn)東西讀以防等待”。in case 意為“萬一”;even if意為“即使”;as if,意為“好像”;in order that 意為“為了……”。就高考而言,除了 in case 之外,意為“以防萬一”的引導(dǎo)詞還應(yīng)掌握-,for fear that 和lest。

試題詳情

4. amount n. 量,常與不可數(shù)名詞連用

“the amount of + 不可數(shù)名詞”表示“……的量”。

[提醒]

“a large amount of + 不可數(shù)名詞”后跟單數(shù)謂語

“l(fā)arge amounts of + 不可數(shù)名詞”后跟復(fù)數(shù)謂語

There is a large amount of / are large amounts of coal to be sent there. 大量的煤要運(yùn)往那兒。

[比較] number 也意為“量”,但它指可數(shù)的事物的“數(shù)目,數(shù)量”。the number of ……的數(shù)目 / numbers of / a number of 大量的 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞

試題詳情

3. add 的用法

▲ 構(gòu)詞:

① addition n. 加,加起來,增加物,增加,加法

② additional adj. 外加的,附加的,另加的

▲ 搭配:

① add sth in 算人;包括

② add A to B 把A加到B上,往A里添加B

③ add to 增加,加到

④ in addition 加上,又,另外

⑤ in addition to 加上,除……外,又

⑥ add sth up 把……加起來,總計(jì)

⑦ add up (to…)總計(jì)共達(dá);表示,等于說。意味著;總而言之

[考例]The president talked with the official for a long

time, ____ that he still trusted him.

A. added  B. adding  C. adding up  D. adding up to

[考查目標(biāo)] 本題考查add及其構(gòu)成短語的意思。

[答案與解析]B  adding的意思是“補(bǔ)充(說)”。add up to意思是“加起來等于”。

試題詳情


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