5. Having no money but ____ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.
A. not to want anyone B. wanted no one C. not wanting anyone D. to want no one
4. --Let me tell you something about my Chinese teacher.
-- I remember _____ about her yesterday.
A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. having told
3. Do you know the difficulty he had ______ five children at school?
A. to keep B. to have kept C. keeping D. having kept
2. The long and tiring talk, filled with arguments and quarrels, ended in disorder, _____ no agreement at all.
A. arriving B. arrived at C. reaching D. and getting to
1. At the shopping center, he didn’t know what ____ and ____ with an empty bag.
A. to buy ; leave B. to be bought ; left C. to buy ; left D. was to buy ; leave
4、定語:動名詞作定語,放于被修飾的名詞前,表示該的名詞的功能,并不表示動作。
e.g. a sleeping bag = a bag for sleeping / an operating table = a table for operating
區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,表示被修飾的名詞的一個動作。
e.g. a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping / the running car = the car that is running
另:1) 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(one’s doing):表示動名詞動作的發(fā)出者,在句中可作主語和賓語。動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時,可以用賓格代替所有格。
e.g. We like Tom’s (Tom) singing the English song.
The little boy’s crying drew our attention.
2) 有些動詞后面既可跟動詞不定式,又可跟動名詞作賓語,注意它們的不同意思。
|
doing
sth
|
to
do sth
|
remember
|
記得做過某事,(動作已發(fā)生) |
記得去做某事(動作未發(fā)生) |
forget |
忘了做過某事(動作已發(fā)生) |
忘了去做某事(動作未發(fā)生) |
regret |
后悔過去做過的事 |
遺憾地去做事 |
mean |
意味著做某事 |
意欲、打算做某事 |
try |
試著做某事(看會發(fā)生什么) |
努力、設(shè)法、企圖做某事 |
stop |
停止做某事 |
停下來去做另一事 |
go on |
繼續(xù)原來的事 |
接著做另一件事 |
can’t
help |
禁不住、情不自禁地做某事 |
無法幫助去做某事 |
learn |
學(xué)會做某事 |
學(xué)著、開始學(xué)做某事 |
need
/ want/require |
某事需要被做(= to be done) |
需要做某事(主動意思) |
[各個擊破]
3、賓語:動名詞作賓語,表示一種習(xí)慣、愛好。
He likes smoking while I like drinking.
注意:動詞不定式作賓語,表示一個具體的動作,不表示習(xí)慣。
I like smoking, but I don’t like to smoke today, for I’ve got a cold.
有些動詞后面不用不定式作賓語,而只用動名詞作賓語,請記住以下口訣:memepscarfi: 音譯成:妹妹不吃咖啡。這里每個字母代表一個或幾個單詞:m-miss e-enjoy ; m-mind ;e-escape; p- practise; s- suggest / stand; c- consider / complete; a-admit / allow /advise / appreciate / avoid; r- risk; f- finish ; i- imagine,常用的詞都列在里面了。
I highly appreciate your helping the old lady.
動名詞還作介詞賓語。 I don’t feel like going to the station to meet the guests.
2、表語:動名詞作表語是對句子主語的一種說明,主語和動名詞可以交換位置,句子的意思不變。這有別于進(jìn)行時:進(jìn)行時句中用的是現(xiàn)在分詞,表示主語的一個正在進(jìn)行的動作,主語與現(xiàn)在分詞不能交換位置。
What he likes
most is playing football. = Playing football is what he likes most.
He is playing football with his friends.
[要點點撥]動名詞是由動詞后+ing的形式構(gòu)成的,與動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞同形。它保留了動
詞的特征,即:它可以帶自己的賓語和狀語,又具有名詞的特征。
1、主語: Studying English well is no easy job.
注意:1)在下面一些結(jié)構(gòu)中,常用it作形式主語,將用作真實主語的動名詞放于句末。
It is no use / no good / useless / nice / good / fun / interesting ….+ doing sth.
It’s good hearing Chinese, my mother tongue, spoken here.
2)動詞不定式作主語和動名詞作主語的區(qū)別:動詞不定式作主語表示一個具體的動作,而動名詞作主語則表示一個抽象的、一般的概念。
Reading English in the morning is of great use for students.
To read this English book will take much time.
4、表語:過去分詞作表語,表示主語的狀態(tài),且該狀態(tài)通常是由外界因素引起的。這時過去分詞可以被看作一個形容詞,是形容詞化的過去分詞。
e.g. I’m interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong.
注:分詞短語作狀語,其邏輯主語必須是主句的主語,如果分詞的邏輯主語并不是主句
的主語,而另有其邏輯主語,則應(yīng)在分詞前補(bǔ)上其邏輯主語,構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。
e.g. The baby sleeping (As the baby was sleeping)in the room, we dared not turn up the TV.
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